git&github

Question 1

git

Answer 1

a system, a distributed version control system
locally installed on a computer
command line tool
version control system
control versions of files

Question 2

github

Answer 2

a service
on the web
graphical interface
code hosting platform for hit repos
control versions of files + other stuff

Question 3

git clone

Answer 3

copies a repo to the local machine
origin is the remote repo

Question 4

Issues

Answer 4

• To track:
  – Ideas
  – Feedback
  – Tasks
  – Bugs
• Organization:
  – Labels
  – Milestones
  – Assignee
  – Traceability

Question 5

Pull requests

Answer 5

• Main goals:
  
  • To allow code review and
  • To perform automated checks on changes
• before changes are merged in the main branch

Question 6

before changes are merged in the main branch

Answer 6

git checkout -b branch

Question 7

GitHub Actions

Answer 7

• Main goal:To automate software development tasks and processes

Question 8

Workflow

Answer 8

• A workflow is a configurable automated process that will run one or more jobs
• Workflows are defined in a .yml file checked in to your
  repository
• Workflows are defined in the “.github/workflows” directory in the repository
• A workflow must contain the following basic components:
  
  • One or more events that will trigger the workflow
  • One or more jobs, each of which will execute on a runner machine and run a series of one or more steps
  • Each step can either run a script defined by the developer or a predefined action

Question 9

Version control systems

Answer 9

• Version control systems are software tools that help software teams keep track and manage changes to source code over time.
• Change history recording
• Independent development
• Storage management

Question 10

Repositories

Answer 10

• Repository: files/folders that contain the project’s files and each file’s version history.
• Local repository: a repository stored on a developer computer, only the developer has access to it.
• Remote repository: a repository stored on some remote computer, all team members have access to it.

Question 11

Centralized vs. distributed version control systems

Answer 11

• Advantages of distributed version control systems:
  
  • Flexibility for local work without network connectivity
  • Speed to perform commands on the repository
  • Resilience to restore a damaged remote repository
• Disadvantages of distributed version control systems:
  
  • Storage: if the project has a long history, it might take
    more disk space in the developers’ computers

Question 12

Free Software

Answer 12

• Freedom 0: The freedom to run the program as you wish, for any purpose.
• Freedom 1: The freedom to study how the program works, and change it, so it does your computing as you wish. Access to the source code is a precondition for this.
• Freedom 2: The freedom to redistribute copies so you can help others in your community.
• Freedom 3: The freedom to distribute copies of your modified versions to others. By doing this, you can give the whole community a chance to benefit from your
  changes. Access to the source code is a precondition for this.

Question 13

Free Software vs. Open Source

Answer 13

• They stand for views based on fundamentally different values:
  
  • For the free software movement, free software is an ethical imperative, essential respect for the users’ freedom.
  • By contrast, the philosophy of open source considers issues in terms of how to make software “better”, in a practical sense only

Question 14

licences

Answer 14

free
- permissive
- copyleft (protective)

proprietary (no copying, no modification)