GK24 1 Flashcards
(250 cards)
1
Q
When did Justinian become emperor of Byzantium?
A
527 AD
2
Q
What is ODAC in the FDA?
A
Oncology Drugs Advisory Committee
3
Q
Who took over the Sumerian empire? Year?
A
Sargon the Great— it became the Akkadian Empire
2334 BC
4
Q
Why did Caesar end up having an affair with Cleopatra in the first place?
A
After the battle of Pharsalus (48 BC) Pompey fled to Egypt and Caesar chased him there; that’s how he met Cleopatra
5
Q
Did Trump want to go to the capitol on January 6th?
A
Yes but his secret service driver refused to take him
6
Q
During what years did Alexander the Great reign?
A
336-323 BC
7
Q
Full name of Ali the heir to Shiite Islam
A
Ali ibn Abi Talib
8
Q
Word for a spartan slave
A
Helot
9
Q
Where was Krakatoa?
A
Volcano between Sumatra and Java in Indonesia
10
Q
Who was appointed princeps after Nero?
A
Vespasian 69 AD (Galba for a year briefly before)
11
Q
What does Calvary mean? Other name?
A
Latin for “The Place of the Skull”
Golgotha
12
Q
What is the Dome of the Rock?
A
A mosque over a rock where Muhammad is said to have ascended into heaven (Jerusalem)
But he died in Saudi Arabia
13
Q
Who is the owner/creator of My Pillow?
A
Mike Lindell
14
Q
When did the FDAs accelerated approval mechanism begin?
A
1992 (for AIDS drugs)
15
Q
Name of the needle at the neck of Paul Atreides in Dune
A
The Gom Jabbar
16
Q
Name of ship that took Napoleon to St. Helena
A
HMS Bellerophon
17
Q
Name of the chief god of Babylon?
A
Marduk
18
Q
In early Christianity what was the Arian controversy?
A
Arianism stated that Jesus was not divine but created by god; this was resolved at the council of Nicaea in 325 AD
19
Q
Word for the priests or magicians in ancient Celtic religion
A
Druid
20
Q
Who conquered all of the Arabian peninsula after the death of Muhammad?
A
Abu Bakr - his successor (Sunni Branch)
21
Q
Natives of Arrakis in Dune
A
Fremen
22
Q
What would Herodotus have called the Danube River?
A
Ister River
23
Q
The Horn of Africa is largely directly south of which country?
A
Yemen
24
Q
Where was the Ancient Greek region of Ionia?
A
Western Turkey and the nearby Aegean Islands
25
Ancient name for the Dardanelles strait?
Hellespont
26
What wars did Herodotus write about?
Persian Wars
27
What year was the Council of Nicaea?
325 AD
28
Who wrote “The Ecclesiastical History of the English People”?
Bede (The Venerable Bede)
29
Who was the last king of Judea who rebelled against Nebuchadnezzar and was taken to Babylon in captivity?
Zedekiah
30
Where was the ancient area of Lydia?
Western Anatolia
31
In what battle did Julius Caesar defeat Pompey?
Pharsalus 48 BC
32
In what year did the Dutch purchase Manhattan?
1626
33
Where did the $50,000/QALY rule come from?
1970s Medicare for covering dialysis for ESRD but now w/ inflation the numbers are changing
100,000 or less good
175,000 or more not
34
Clovis was the first king of all of the Franks and his descendants would take their name from ______
Merovech a legendary warrior (Merovingian dynasty)
35
When was the fall of the western Roman Empire?
476 AD Odoacer deposed Romulus Augustulus
36
What city is located on the Orontes River?
Antioch
37
Who was the first American president to have been impeached?
Andrew Johnson
38
Jews and Arabs claim descent through Abraham how?
Jews through Isaac
Arabs through Ishmael
39
What is legerdemain?
Trickery; skillful use of one’s hands when performing conjuring tricks
Sleight of hand
40
Meaning of mendacity
Untruthfulness
41
Two major types of cost for drug companies?
Manufacturing costs
Research and development
42
What happened to Mycenaean culture after the sack of Troy?
Began to severely decline and eventually essentially end
43
Word for a spartan warrior
Hoplite
44
What year was the Gadsden Purchase?
1853
45
Other name for the pre-Socratic philosophers
Ionian rationalists
46
Who is credited with spreading Christianity to Ireland?
St. Patrick (Patricius)
47
About how old was Romulus Augustulus when he was deposed by Odoacer in 476 AD?
He was maybe 10-12 years old
48
What ancient culture is known for producing ziggurats?
Sumerians
49
Where did tomatoes originate?
Andes mountains then mainly developed in Mexico
50
Where is the Golden Horn?
A port/body of water that wraps around Constantinople/Istanbul near the Bosporus strait
51
Who did Marcus Aurelius appoint as his successor?
His son Commodus (177 AD) but he was a bad emperor like Caligula and Nero
52
In Islam, what is “the umma”?
The whole community of Muslims bound by religion
53
What country is north of Syria?
Turkey
54
When were the A, B, AB, and O blood groups first described?
1901 by Karl Landsteiner
55
Which countries are between Iran and India?
Afghanistan and Pakistan
56
In what city did Trump launch his 2024 campaign?
Waco, Texas
57
Who is the disease Brucellosis named after?
Major David Bruce
58
When did John Bennett publish his first case report on a patient dying from a suppuration of blood?
1845
59
What name would Christopher Columbus have answered to?
Cristobal Colon
60
Which Byzantine emperor collected the laws from several centuries and unified them into a code?
Justinian 528 AD
61
When were the Jesuits founded?
1540 in Montmartre by Ignatius Loyola
62
Which Roman emperor outlawed paganism?
Theodosius (392-393)
63
Main religion of the Persian empire
Zoroastrianism
64
In which battle did Octavian defeat Mark Antony? Year?
Actium (a naval battle); 31 BC
65
What disease was once known as Malta fever?
Brucellosis
66
Origin of the word “antigen”?
Antibody-generating
67
When was ipilimumab approved for melanoma?
2011
68
What is the Hellespont?
Ancient name for the Dardanelles strait
69
Before Trump who was the last president to skip out on their successors inauguration?
Andrew Johnson 1869 didn’t attend Ulysses S Grant
70
Where was the ancient kingdom of Numidia?
Basically in modern day Algeria
71
Word for high priest of the Roman state religion (ie pagan before Christianization)
Pontifex Maximus
72
Ctesiphon was an ancient city of which empire?
Persian
73
Where was Saul (Paul) traveling from on his way to Damascus?
Jerusalem
74
Gilgamesh was king of which Sumerian city?
Uruk
75
In China the first settlements began around this river
Yellow River
76
The Jewish King David had an affair with which woman?
Bathsheba —had her husband killed so he could marry her
77
In ancient times the Minoans of Crete were frequently subjected to which form of natural disaster?
Earthquakes and subsequent tsunamis
78
The Maccabee revolt took place when Judea was under control of which empire?
Seleucid (a fragment of the Macedonian empire)
79
Name of the epic poem by Hesiod that tells the genealogies of the Greek gods
Theogony
80
When was modern day Turkey founded? First president?
1923; Mustafa Kemal Ataturk (Ataturk)
81
What were Columbus’ 3 ships?
Nina, Pinta, Santa Maria
82
“Ask, and it shall be given you” is a teaching from Jesus where?
Sermon on the Mount
83
When does the supreme court begin its new term?
The first Monday of October
84
On the Rosetta Stone, what language is written next to the hieroglyphs to decode them?
Greek
85
This is the earliest collection of Indian hymns
Rig Veda
86
Who was emperor of Rome before Constantine?
Diocletian
87
What does episcopal literally mean?
Episkopos = overseer (over seeing) —referring to bishops overseeing
88
Who was the father of Chinese history?
Sima Qian
89
After the Carthaginians were defeated and removed from Sicily in the first Punic war, they set up a new base of operations in _____
Iberia
90
In what decade did the FDA start using black box warnings?
1970s
91
What is fiat?
A formal authorization or proposition
92
Muhammed was from what tribe?
Quraysh
93
The Roman republic began in what year?
509 BC (Rome founded 753 BC)
94
What is the northeast bit of the Black Sea called?
Sea of Azov
95
Ashurbanipal was king of which civilization?
Assyrian
96
This is the shortened version of the Kingdom of the South Saxons
Sussex
97
Why is radioactive strontium dangerous for the bone marrow?
It is similar to calcium and so gets taken up by bone and releases beta particles
98
What were the names of the Gracchus brothers in the Roman Republic?
Tiberius and Gaius
99
A myth states that the Dutch bought Manhattan from the Indians for _____
24 dollars
100
Yemen based terror group backed by Iran?
Houthis (Shia)
101
Where was the city of Chichen Itza?
Yucatán Peninsula
102
What are the evil spirits in Zoroastrianism called?
Daevas
103
When did Diocletian become emperor of Rome?
284 AD
104
Where was Sumer located?
Southern bit of Iraq
105
What is the name of the film of the JFK assassination that is considered to be the most complete?
The Zapruder Film
106
Meaning of perfunctory
Carried out with a minimum of effort or reflection
107
What were provincial governors of the ancient Persian empire called?
Satraps
108
Where was Herodotus from?
Halicarnassus
109
In 1663 bc, a people called the Hyksos took over which civilization?
Egypt
Hyksos were a Semitic people which may partially explain the prejudice of the Egyptians against the later Semitic Hebrews
110
Where was Thrace?
North of Aegean in modern day Greece and Bulgaria
111
What are arrears?
Money that is owed and should have been paid
112
The phrase “a sea change” to describe a transformation comes from where?
Shakespeare’s Tempest
113
Which emperor of Rome split the empire into a western and eastern half ruled by co-emperors?
Diocletian
114
What was the argument that the bishop of Rome should be the head of all bishops?
That the bishop of Rome is the successor of Peter
The Petrine Doctrine
115
King Midas was from where?
Phrygia
116
What year was Julius Caesar assassinated?
44 BC
117
Who wrote Rendezvous with Rama?
Arthur C Clarke
118
Nebuchadnezzar was a king of which empire?
Babylonian
119
In a tax assessment on a house and land what is the house referred to as?
The improvement on the land
120
Etruscans lived in the kingdom of ______
Etruria
121
What did Cleopatra and Mark Antony do when Octavian/Augustus marched to Egypt?
Commit suicide (30 BC)
122
When Octavian/Augustus consolidated power after defeating Mark Antony in 31 BC, he became known as Princeps which means ______
First Citizen (later translated as Prince)
123
In which bloody battle in the second Punic war did Hannibal’s troops slaughter 65,000 Romans
Cannae
124
What year did Hugo Chavez die?
2013
125
What is the home world of House Harkkonen in Dune?
Geidi Prime
126
The word Semite derives from which son of Noah?
Shem
127
Who was Trump’s first attorney general?
Jeff Sessions
128
Who is Viktor Orban?
Prime Minister of Hungary 2024
129
What “giant of the forest” does Gilgamesh have to fight to get wood to secure his walls?
Humbaba
130
Which Aztec city was at the site of Mexico City?
Tenochtitlan
131
According to Genesis, God made a covenant with Abraham promising what as The Promised Land?
Canaan (recall Abraham from Ur in Sumeria)
132
On 1/11/24 which two countries targeted the houthis in Yemen due to their attacks on shipping in the Red Sea?
US and UK
133
What does centrifugal refer to?
Moving away from the center
134
First archaeologically and historically certain dynasty of China? Who was after?
Shang then Zhou
135
What did Cain say when god asked him where Abel was after he murdered him?
I know not; am I my brother’s keeper?
136
When did van Leeuwenhoek first describe red blood cells under the microscope?
1674
137
In what year did Rudolph Virchow die?
1902
138
When did Muslims first capture Jerusalem?
637 AD only 5 years after Muhammad died
139
When was the SYNDROME of polycythemia vera first described and by whom?
1903–Osler
140
What was the name of the “barbarian” tribe that invaded the Akkadian empire between 2278 bc and 2154 bc?
The Gutians
141
Which Persian king was defeated by the Greeks at Marathon in 490 bc? Which came back in 480?
Darius I (then died 486)
Xerxes his son came back in 480
142
What country had a large earthquake on New Years Day 2024?
Japan
143
Where was the Frankish kingdom of Clovis?
Mostly in Gaul
144
Greece is located in what direction from Italy?
East
145
First king of the Merovingian dynasty
Clovis (though takes name from Merovech-a famous warrior)
146
Which group invaded Crete and the Minoans in 1450 bc?
Mycenaeans
147
This music style was a forerunner of Jazz and was popular in America 1899-1917
Ragtime
148
When was aniline dye staining by Ehrlich done with description of neutrophils, basophils, and eosinophils?
1878
149
Cyrus the Great was king of which civilization?
Persian
539-530 BC (before Darius and Xerxes)
150
Who was Peter Stuyvesant?
A governor of New Netherland/New Amsterdam before the English took over
151
The Mahabharata tells the story of a civil war in the Kuru clan between which two factions?
Kairavas and Pandavas
152
Surrogate endpoints stand in contrast to _____
Clinical endpoints
153
Official name of the Jesuits
The Society of Jesus
154
Name of the Roman province on the Iberia peninsula
Hispania
155
Approximately how long ago was Pangaea?
~250 million years
156
The Peloponnesian War officially began in this year
431 BC and would last about 30 years
157
Where was Canaan?
Ancient Palestine area west of Jordan River
158
When was the first description of von Willebrand disease by von Willebrand?
1926
159
What is the difference between pharma and biotech?
Pharma focuses on making small molecules etc
Biotech is more about molecules produced by living cells
160
Who are the first two patriarchs of the Old Testament?
Abraham and Isaac (his son)
His other son—Ishmael- believed to be patriarch of Arabs
161
Who was Confucius most famous pupil?
Mencius
162
What 313 AD agreement did Constantine proclaim that made Christianity legal in the Roman empire?
The Edict of Milan
163
What was Mark Antony’s actual name?
Marcus Antonious
164
Who is Rome named after?
Romulus since he survived after killing Remus
165
Who is the archetypal first man of the Hindu religion—survivor of the great flood and father of the human race?
Manu
166
When did the Warring States period begin in China?
403 BC
167
What Roman plague occurred during Galen’s lifetime? Years?
The Antonine Plague (likely smallpox) 165-180 AD
168
Who was the last Lydian king? Who defeated him?
Croesus; Cyrus the Great (Persia)
169
Where did the Angles and Saxons originally come from?
The area between Germany and Denmark
Invited to help fight northern foes by Vortigern in 445 AD
170
In what year did multiple reports emerge on the efficacy of nitrogen mustards for treatment of leukemia and lymphoma?
1946–the studies took place during WW2 but not published after due to security reasons hence why multiple groups published all at once
171
One could consider the Enlightenment as occurring between which two revolutions?
The Glorious Revolution (1688) and the French Revolution (1789)
172
Where is Christs supposed empty tomb?
Jerusalem’s Church of the Holy Sepulcher
173
What was Sidney Farbers original profession?
Pediatric pathologist
174
The Ishtar Gate was outside of which ancient city?
Babylon
175
Why did the Jews leave Canaan for Egypt in the first place?
Due to famine and Egypt was well watered (Nile)
Then the pharaoh enslaved them
176
Who is the evil god or “chief daeva” in Zoroastrianism?
Ahriman or Angra mainyu
177
Where was Ephesus? Modern name?
Greek city in western Turkey; Selcuk
178
Officially announced on May 15, 2020 this program sought to quickly crank out COVID vaccines
Operation Warp Speed
179
From what city and civilization did Abraham come from?
Ur—Sumerian (there was already a system of gods where he grew up)
180
What was the dichotomy that led to Sunni and Shi’ite Muslims after Muhammad’s death in 632 AD?
Abu Bakr—close friend of Muhammad took over caliphate = Sunni
Those who contest it think should be Muhammad’s son in law—Ali (Ali ibn Abi Talib)
181
The Aegean Sea is named after whom?
King Aegeus (father of Theseus)
182
Though not one of the twelve apostles, this man is often considered an apostle due to his role in spreading Christianity
Paul (Saul of Tarsus)
183
Where is Ravenna?
Northeastern coast of Italy on Adriatic
184
Under whose reign were Peter and Paul killed in the Roman empire?
Nero
Peter crucified
Paul beheaded
185
Who were the Lombards?
A Germanic people who conquered most of the Italian peninsula between 568-774 AD
186
Similar to later manifest destiny, ancient Chinese kings had ________ to justify their ability to take over nearby tribes etc
The Mandate of Heaven
187
Collectively, religious writings accepted as books of the Bible by some groups but not others are called _____
Apocrypha
188
The nickname for NYC, Gotham, was originally used by whom?
Washington Irving
189
Since the time of Constantine, gladiatorial games were slowly replaced by _______
Chariot Racing—less associated with old Roman Gods
190
What was the purpose of the council of Nicaea in 325 AD?
To deal with the controversy of Arianism which said Christ was not divine; Nicene Creed states that he is
Basically to determine the divinity status of Jesus
191
What were “political machines” such as Tammany Hall in America?
Institutions run by “bosses” who would coerce votes. Offer jobs and services to immigrants in exchange for votes
192
Meaning of the verb ensorcel
To fascinate or enchant (literary)
193
Who was Roman emperor after Tiberius?
Caligula
194
Gotham is old Anglo-Saxon for ______
Goats Town
195
When did Columbus return to Spain after the initial discovery of the New World?
March 1493
196
Most famous section of the Mahabharata
Bhagavad Gita
197
What year was Kwanzaa created?
1966
198
Where was the kingdom of Goguryeo located?
Korean Peninsula
199
Where is the Sea of Azov?
Northeast bit of Black Sea by Crimea
200
How long after Darius was defeated at Marathon until his son Xerxes came back and fought at Thermopylae?
10 years
Marathon 490 bc
Thermopylae 480 bc
201
What is the chief source of natural rubber?
Latex of the rubber tree
202
Who is this?
William Halsted
203
Which Egyptian king changed from worshipping the Sun God to the Sun itself?
Amenhotep went from worshipping Ra to worshipping Aten (the sun itself)
Changed name to Akhenaten
204
What mountain range is east of the Tigris and is in modern day Iran?
Zagros Mountains
205
Around when was the battle of Troy? What about the Persian Wars?
1250 BC and Persian Wars were 490 then again in 480 so nearly 800 years apart
206
Name of mountain pass between Pakistan and India
Khyber Pass
207
In Christianity, what was the Annunciation?
Announcement by the angel Gabriel that Mary would bear a son despite being a virgin
208
Which Goth sacked Rome in 410 AD?
Alaric the Visigoth
209
Who was the first king of all the Franks?
Clovis 496 AD
210
What did Virchow call leukemia in 1845? 1847?
Weisses Blut; changed name to leukemia
211
What was the name of the city that Constantine would turn into Constantinople?
Byzantium
212
Where was Hadrian’s Wall?
Separated the wild north from the civilized part of Roman Britannia
213
Who is the activist who started the #blacklivesmatter hashtag? Why? Year?
Alicia Garza and Patrisse Cullors 2013 because George Zimmerman acquitted after Trayvon Martin killed
214
Who was second emperor of Rome —after Augustus/Octavian?
Tiberius (was emperor when Christ crucified)
215
In radiation, a rad is an acronym for _____
Radiation absorbed dose
216
What are the native people of Hispaniola referred to as (ie pre Columbus)?
Taino
217
When was anesthesia with ether first publicly demonstrated?
1846 at MGH
218
When was the first successful blood transfusion by Blundell?
1818
219
Which Assyrian king collected over 20,000 Clay tablets in his library at Nineveh?
Ashurbanipal
220
January 2024 an Alabama Inmate was executed in what new manner?
Nitrogen gas
221
What does Punjab mean?
5 rivers
222
Who did Constantine defeat at the Battle of Milvian Bridge? Year?
Maxentius; 312
223
494 bc Roman republic- what was the plebeian secession?
The first recorded strike—plebeians decided to walk out of the city and camp on a nearby Sacred Mount
224
The Age of Iron in India is called ______ and supposedly began in _____ year
Kali Yuga—supposedly beginning 3102 BC
225
Where were the Vandals from?
North Africa
226
Last founding father to be a president?
James Monroe #5
227
Which Roman emperors name means “little boots”?
Caligula
228
Which Jewish prophet was a counselor to the king of Babylon during the Babylonian exile?
The prophet Daniel
229
Where was Assyria (Assur city) in relation to Babylon?
North; both in modern day Iraq
230
Where was the Hittite empire?
Basically in modern day Turkey
231
Origin of the word cyclosporine?
It is cyclical and obtained from fungal spores (Trichoderma polysporum)
232
Why were Spartan boys deliberately not fed enough food to survive?
To teach them to be resourceful and sneak out at night to hunt or steal food as these would be useful skills some day in battle
233
Who were the first three KINGS of Israel?
Saul then David then Solomon
Solomon constructed the large temple
234
When was RECIST first published?
2000—Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors
235
Who was Justinians wife?
Theodora—an actress/prostitute
236
Historically, health economists have considered how much per QALY as a fair price?
50,000/QALY
Now more like 100,000-175,000
237
On his podcast, who said on January 5th 2020 “All hell is going to break loose tomorrow”?
Steve Bannon
238
Where does paclitaxel come from?
Pacific Yew (Taxis brevifolia)
239
What is the nightly meal that breaks the Ramadan fast called?
Iftar
240
During the exodus, Moses divided up the Israelites into 12 tribes based upon what?
Which great grandson of Abraham they traced their lineage to
(this was 600 years after Abraham)
241
What is the name of the novella on which The Thing is based?
“Who Goes There?”
The expanded version is “Frozen Hell”
John W Campbell
242
The Akkadian city of Akkad was really called _____
Agade—Akkad was a Greek corruption
243
What does Nestorian Christianity state?
Christ has two distinct natures —human and divine; Nicene Christianity states fully divine
244
Capital city of Hittite empire
Hattusas
245
Hammurabi was a king of which ancient city?
Babylon
246
What does pH stand for?
Potential of hydrogen or power of hydrogen
247
When people tried to assassinate Muhammed in 622 and he fled from Mecca, this was called ______
The Hijirah from Mecca to Medina
248
The Persian army of Darius was defeated by the Greeks at what battle? Who was Darius’ son?
Marathon
Xerxes who would come back
249
Who was the first pope? Year?
Leo the Great 445 AD
There had been prior bishops of Rome but he was the first to be called pope
250
Meaning of gainsay
To deny or contradict
You cannot gainsay the impact of religion
