Glacial to Postglacial 174-179 Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Glacial to Postglacial 174-179 Deck (32)
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1
Q

When did the Pleistocene end

A

Around 9600 BCE

2
Q

What were the two components of the global transformation that followed the end of the Pleistocene?

A
  1. Environmental change, notably the warming of the global climate
  2. The human response to new opportunities provided by the warmer climate
3
Q

What is the Holocene

A

The current interglacial

4
Q

When did the Holocene begin

A

9600

5
Q

How did Lewis Henry Morgan and Edward Tylor describe the development of human society?

A

As moving from Paleolithic “savagery” to the “barbarism” of early farming societies, finally culminating in the “civilization” of Mesopotamia or Egypt

6
Q

Bølling/Allerød interstadial

A

Summer temperatures reached almost present levels

7
Q

When was the Bølling/Allerød interstadial?

A

13,000 BCE

8
Q

After the Bølling/Allerød interstadial, summer temperatures had reached almost their present levels, but deglaciation then went into dramatic reverse, introducing the …

A

Younger Dryas phase

9
Q

After the Bølling/Allerød interstadial came?

A

The Younger Dryas phase

10
Q

When was the Younger Dryas phase?

A

10,800-9600 BCE

11
Q

What was probably responsible for the shift from the Bølling/Allerød interstadia to the Younger Dryas phase?

A

The melting of the northern ice sheets -> release of large quantities of cold meltwater into North Atlantic weakened/stopped Gulf Stream

12
Q

What species died out at the end of the Ice Age?

A

Mammoth, woolly rhino, giant elk, saber-tooth cat

13
Q

Isostatic uplift

A

The removal of the weight of ice causing land areas to rebound

14
Q

The removal of the weight of ice causing land areas to rebound

A

Isostatic uplift

15
Q

Why can, in most regions, the history of human coastal exploitation only be traced back to the middle/late Holocene, some 5,000 years ago?

A

Before, the rising sea level drowned out coast areas

16
Q

In most regions the history of human coastal exploitation can be traced back only to the middle/late Holocene, some 5,000 years ago.
What regions are the exception to this?

A

Regions where isostatic uplift has preserved early shorelines.

17
Q

One notable effect of early … sea-level rise was the creation of islands

A

Holocene

18
Q

East Asia and North America became divided by the flooding of the … around 8500 BCE

A

Bering Strait

19
Q

When did East Asia and North America become divided by the flooding of the Bering Strait?

A

Around 8500 BCE

20
Q

Where did the most dramatic of alll late Pleistocene and early Holocene coastal losses occur?

A

In Southeast Asia, Sundaland

21
Q

Which landmass resulted in the creation of the Southeast Asian islands by losing more than half of its land area to rising sea levels

A

Sundaland

22
Q

When did Sundaland lose more than half of its land area due to rising sea levels?

A

Between 15,000 and 5000 BCE

23
Q

Sundaland losing more than half of its land area between 15,000 and 5000 resulted in the creation of what?

A

The Southeast Asia islands

24
Q

With the formation of what was Sumatra seperated from Malaysia?

A

With the formation of the Strait of Malacca

25
Q

When was the Strait of Malacca formed?

A

6500 BCE

26
Q

Around when was Britain separated from the European mainland?

A

6500 BCE

27
Q

As sea levels rose, an area of low hills known as … became an island within the formative North Sea

A

Doggerland

28
Q

Doggerland was submerged and became

A

The rich fishing grounds known as the Dogger Bank

29
Q

Tasmania was separated from mainland Australia by what?

A

The Bass Strait

30
Q

In Europe, microliths are a distinguishing feature of the …

A

Mesolithic

31
Q

What tool type was a distinguishing feature of the Mesolithic?

A

Microliths

32
Q

The earliest known pottery vessels were made by who?

A

Hunter-gatherers of East Asia