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Maria's Renal Pharm Cards > Glasgow > Flashcards

Glasgow Flashcards

(71 cards)

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1
Q

Drug Type: Mannitol

A

Osmotic Diuretic

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2
Q

Drug Type: Isosorbide

A

Osmotic Diuretic

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3
Q

Drug Type: Urea

A

Osmotic Diuretic

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4
Q

Drug Type:Furosemide

A

Loop Diuretic Inhibit Na/2Cl/K cotransporter in Thick Ascending Loop

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5
Q

Drug Type: Butemanide

A

Loop Diuretic Inhibit Na/2Cl/K cotransporter in Thick Ascending Loop

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6
Q

Drug Type: Ethacrynic acid

A

Loop Diuretic Inhibit Na/2Cl/K cotransporter in Thick Ascending Loop

*** (ototox)

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7
Q

Drug Type: Torsemide

A

Loop Diuretic Inhibit Na/2Cl/K cotransporter in Thick Ascending Loop

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8
Q

Drug Type: indapamide

A

Thiazide diuretic inhibit reabsorption in early distal tubule

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9
Q

Drug Type: Chlorthalidone

A

Thiazide diuretic inhibit reabsorption in early distal tubule

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10
Q

Drug Type: Quinethazone

A

Thiazide diuretic inhibit reabsorption in early distal tubule

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11
Q

Drug Type: metolazone

A

Thiazide diuretic inhibit reabsorption in early distal tubule

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12
Q

MOA of Loop diuretics

A

Inhibit Na/2Cl/K cotransporter

Furosemide***, Bumetanide, Ethacrynic acid***, Torsemide

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13
Q

MOA of thiazide diuretics

A

inhibit reabsorption in early distal tubule; decrease diluting capacitiy of nephron. decrease Ca2+ excretion. Chlorothiazide, Hydrochlorothiazide, Chlorthalidone, Indapamide, Metolazone, Quinethazone

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14
Q

MOA of spironolactone and eplernone

A

competitive aldosterone receptor antagonists in cortical collecting tubule

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15
Q

MOA of Triamterene and amiloride

A

block Na+ channels in the cortical collecting tubule (principal cells and connecting tubule cells)

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16
Q

T/I of Furosemide and ethycrinic acid

A

Ototoxicity, Gout hypokalemia, dehydration, allergy (sulfa - furosemide), nephritis (interstitial)

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17
Q

Drug Type:Amiloride

A

K sparing Diuretic block Na+ channels in the cortical collecting tubule

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18
Q

Drug Type:Triamterene

A

K sparing Diuretic block Na+ channels in the cortical collecting tubule

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19
Q

Drug Type: Spironolactone

A

K sparing Diuretic competitive aldosterone receptor antagonists in cortical collecting tubule

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20
Q

Drug Type:Eplerenone

A

K sparing Diuretic competitive aldosterone receptor antagonists in cortical collecting tubule

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21
Q

Drug Type: Nesiritide

A

brain netriuretic peptide (diuretic)

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22
Q

MOA of Nesiritide

A

inhibits Na+ reabsorption in the inner medullary collecting duct .:. increase Na+ excretion; also inhibits RAA pathway

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23
Q

Effect of Loop Diuretics on urinary excretion of Na+ Cl- Ca2+ Mg2+ K+

A

Increase Na+ Increase Cl- Increase Ca2+ Increase Mg2+ Increase K+

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24
Q

Effect of Thiazide Diuretics on urinary excretion of Na+ Cl- Ca2+ K+

A

Increase Na+ Increase Cl- Decrease Ca2+ Increase K+

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25
Effect of Potassium Sparing Diuretics on urinary excretion of Na+ K+ H+
Increase Na+ Decrease K+ Decrease H+
26
Effect of Nesiritide on urinary excretion of Na+
Increase Na+
27
Effect of Osmotic Diuretics on urinary excretion of Na+ Cl- Ca2+ Mg2+ K+ Phosphate
increase urinary excretion of ALL electrolytes
28
Indications for Osmotic Diuretics (Mannitol, Isorbide, Urea)
treatment of acute renal failure, reduction of intracranial and intraocular pressure treatment of dialysis disequilibrium syndrome
29
Indications for Loop Diuretics (Furosemide, Bumetanide, Ethacrynic acid, Torsemide)
pulmonary edema and other edematous states acute renal failure hypertension
30
Indications for Thiazide Diuretics (Chlorothiazide, Hydrochlorothiazide, Chlorthalidone, Indapamide, Metolazone, Quinethazone)
hypertension edema calcium nephrolithiasis
31
Indications for Potassium Sparing Diuretics (Amiloride, triamterene, spironolactone, eplernone)
in combination with other diuretics to treat hypertension, edema
32
high ASA therapeutic dose tox leads to \*\*\* due to stimulation of \*\*\* in the CNS
respiratory alkalosis Respiratory center
33
effect of ASA overdose on Ox Phos
uncouples
34
High end toxic range of ASA leads to \*\*\* of the respiratory center leading to \*\*\*
depression combined metabolic and respiratory acidosis
35
first Vit D hydroxylation occurs in the Which hydroxylation is it?
liver 25-OH
36
second Vit d hydroxylation occurs in the Which hydroxylation is it?
kidney 1-OH
37
What's up with DHT (dihydrotachysterol)?
Does not need 1-OH for activation
38
What's up with 1-alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol?
Already has 1-OH (like Doxercalciferol)
39
What's up with Doxercalciferol?
Already has 1-OH (Like 1-alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol)
40
Calcitriol analogs: reduces PTH without hypercalcemia used in chronic renal failure
paricalcitol
41
Calcitriol analogs:suppressor of PTH gene expression, limited action on intestine and bone used in chronic renal failure, primary hyperparathyroidism low affinity for serum binding protein leads to shorter half-life than calcitriol
22-oxacalcitriol
42
phosphate binding polymer
Sevelamer\*\*\*
43
“calcimimetic”; inhibits PTH secretion by enhancing the sensitivity of the CaSR - - lowers the Concentration of Ca+2 at which PTH secretion is suppressed approved for treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism due to chronic renal failure
Cinacalcet
44
Drugs for acute Gout
colchecine\*\*\* and NSAIDS
45
MOA of colchecine
interferes with mitotic spindle function inhibits migration and phagocytic actions of granulocytes inhibits neutrophil elaboration of inflammatory glycoprotein \*\*\*
46
Drugs for chronic Gout
Allopurinol \*\* Febuxostate Probenecid\*\* Rasburicase
47
parent drug and metabolite alloxanthine inhibit xanthine oxidase, decrease uric acid synthesis drug interaction: inhibits metabolism of azathioprine, 6-mercaptopurine can be used with impaired renal function
Allopurinol\*\*\* for Chronic Gout
48
nonpurine xanthine oxidase inhibitor liver function abnormalities, diarrhea, nausea
febuxostat For chronic gout
49
uricosuric agent, inhibits uric acid renal tubular reabsorption developed to inhibit renal tubular secretion of penicillin multiple drug interactions by blocking renal secretion
probenecid\*\*\* For chronic gout
50
recombinant urate oxidase that oxidizes uric acid into soluble and inactive metabolite allantoin used to manage plasma uric acid levels in pediatric patients receiving chemotherapy (for leukemia, lymphoma, etc.) therapeutic efficacy may be limited by production of antibodies against drug
rasburicase For chronic gout
51
inhibits calcineurin phosphatase activity (2) decrease dephosphorylation of NFAT T-cell selective renal toxicity hyperglycemia with XXX
cyclosporine\*\*\*/Tacrolimus XXX = Tacrolimus
52
same family as tacrolimus/cyclosporine blocks T cell response to cytokines inhibits a kinase involved in cell-cycle progression hyperlipidemia as adverse effect
sirolimus\*\*\*
53
closely related to sirolimus; shorter half-life quicker time to achieve steady-state concentration
everolimus\*\*\*
54
decreases purine biosynthesis fraudulent nucleotide allopurinol interaction
azathioprine/6MP\*\*\*
55
inhibits inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase decrease de novo purine biosynthesis T and B cell sensitive due to lack of salvage pathway related drug: mizoribine
mycophenolate mofetil
56
inhibition of DHFR
methotrexate
57
alkylates DNA Effects on rapidly proliferating cells
cyclophosphamide
58
Mixture of cytotoxic antibodies to various CD molecules Adverse effects: fever, chills, hypotension
antithymocyte globulin
59
Ab blocks binding of APC to T-cell Blocks T-cell function Decreases T cell number Initial stimulation of cytokine release syndrome
Muromonab CD3
60
MABs against IL-2 receptor Blocks IL-2 mediated T-cell activation Potential anaphylactic reactions
Daclizumab/Basiliximab
61
Autonomics: - contracts detrusor muscle of bladder - relaxes trigone and sphincter
M3 Receptor
62
Autonomics: - relaxes bladder smooth muscle
beta 2
63
Autonomics - contracts bladder base, urethral sphincter, prostate
alpha 1
64
autonomics: - increases renin release
beta 1
65
Drug Type and indication: prazosin, terazosin, doxazosin, tamsulosin
alpha 1 antagonist to tx BPH \*\*\*tamulosin
66
Drug Type and indication: ephedrine, pseudoephedrine
alpha 1 agonist to tx incontinence
67
Drug type and indication: darifenacin, solifenacin
anticholinergic to tx bladder spasms post surgery or due to inflam to tx incontinence (relaxes bladder and slows voiding)
68
Drug type and indication: tolterodine
anticholinergic to tx bladder spasms post surgery or due to inflam to tx incontinence (relaxes bladder and slows voiding)
69
Drug type and indication: oxybutynin
anticholinergic to tx bladder spasms post surgery or due to inflam to tx incontinence (relaxes bladder and slows voiding)
70
Drug Type and indication: Bethanecol
Cholinergic agonist stimulate bladder emptying treatment of urinary retention problems post surgery only used with no obstructive problems
71
Drug Type and indication: Neostigmine
Cholinergic agonist stimulate bladder emptying treatment of urinary retention problems post surgery only used with no obstructive problems

Maria's Renal Pharm Cards (2 decks)

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