Glass Ionomers Flashcards

(37 cards)

1
Q

What are 4 advantages of glass ionomers?

A
  1. Biocompatible
  2. Fluoride release
  3. Inherent (chemical) adhesion to tooth structure
  4. Coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) similar to tooth structure
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2
Q

What are some disadvantages of glass ionomers?

A
  1. Sensitive to moisture and desiccation
  2. Low fracture toughness
  3. Low flexure strength
  4. Low wear resistance
  5. Relatively poor esthetics
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3
Q

What are some indications of glass inonomers?

A
  • Class 5 restorations
  • Root caries
  • Class 3 restorations (resin modified version)
  • Tunnel preparations
  • Atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) - Spoon out caries, thumb in FUJI to control caries
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4
Q

What are some indications of glass ionomers?

A
  • Luting agents
  • Liners
  • Caries control
  • Core block-out
  • Occlusal sealant
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5
Q

What are some contraindications of GI?

A

Stress bearing areas in permanent teeth

  • Class 1, 2, and 4
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6
Q

What are the 2 types of basic GI?

A
  1. Conventional GI
    - traditional acid-base reaction
  2. Resin-modified (RMGI)
  • acid-base reaction
  • light and/or chemical
  • free-radical polymerization
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7
Q

What is the composition of a conventional GI?

A
  1. Powder

2. Liquid

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8
Q

What was the goal of creating RMGI?

A
  • Attempt to combine benefits of GI and Composites

GI: F release, chemical adhesion

Composite: Strength, esthetics

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9
Q

What was the goal to reduce when creating RMGI?

A
  • Attempt to reduce

GI: hydration sensitivities, delayed set, poor early strength

Composite: Polymerization shrinkage, microleakage, recurrent caries

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10
Q

List the following restorative materials from softest to hardest:

RMGI
Compomers
Composites
Glass Ionomers

A
  1. GI
  2. RMGI
  3. Compomers
  4. Composites
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11
Q

Is initial F release from RMGI rapid or slow?

A

Rapid!

However, slow long term release from particle

Does not take part in matrix formation

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12
Q

Does F release in RMGI decrease its physical properties?

A

No!

Amount of F release is similar for both conventional and RMGI

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13
Q

How many days does the initial burst of F last from RMGI?

A
  • High early release

1-2 days

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14
Q

Describe the F release pattern from RMGI after the initial burst during the first 1-2 days?

A
  • Sustained low levels
  • F reservoirs
  • Uptake and re-release
  • Can uptake topical fluoride and fluorides from tooth paste
  • Only a fraction of initial F level
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15
Q

What are the effects of the F release from RMGI in the mouth?

A
  • F levels are elevated in the saliva
  • Enhancement of remineralization
  • Incorporated into tooth structure
  • Effective zone around restorative margin, up to 7.5 mm in enamel
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16
Q

How does F effect bacteria?

A
  • Reduced bacterial metabolism
  • Reduce acid production
  • Reduced bacterial growth
17
Q

What do studies show about the clinical efficacy of F releasing materials?

A

Equivocal

No conclusive, overall evidence of caries reduction when comparing glass ionomers versus controls

18
Q

Do some studies suggest that RMGI has a role to play in caries reduction in the xerostomic patient?

19
Q

How does conventional GI bond to tooth structure?

A

Bond with Ca 2+ of hydroxyapatite

20
Q

What is the pulpal response to RMGI?

A

Favorable!

  • Large molecules: limited tubule ingress
  • Buffering of dentinal fluid
  • Relatively weak acid - initial high acidity
21
Q

What is a major advantage of RMGI?

A

Adhesion!

Minimizes microleakage

Antimicrobial activity

22
Q

What are the 3 applications of GI?

A

Type 1: Luting cements

Type 2: Restorative

  • Esthetic restoratives
  • Reinforced restoratives
  • Condensable/metal modified

Type 3: liners/sealants

23
Q

What are some examples of Type 1 luting cements?

A
  • Ketac Cem
  • Rely X
  • FUJI I

Resin modified (RMGI)
- greater strength
- less moisture sensitivity
less soluble

24
Q

Is cementing Empress crowns with a RMGI cement a good idea?

A

No!

GMRI cannot support, empress flexes too much

25
What are some examples of Type 2 materials?
Conventional: - Ketac-Fil - FUJI II (GC) - Glassionomer Type II (Shofu) RMGI: - FUJI II LC - Vitremer - Fuji Filling - Ketac Nano
26
What are some advantages of using RMGI liners in the "open sandwich" technique?
- Good for posterior composites when gingival margins are in dentin - Reduced microleakage, reduce gap formation - FUJI II LC can be used for this
27
What are some indications for Condensable Type 2 Conventional GIs?
1. Provisionalization 2. Pediatric Restoration 3. Atraumatic Restorative Treatment - Field Dentistry - Hand instrumentation
28
What is an example of a Metal-Modified Glass Ionomer (Type 2)?
Ketac Silver! - Amalgam alloy mixed with powder - Improved handling - Improved radiopacity - F release (similar or slightly less than conventional) - Improved wear resistance
29
What are indications for Metal-Modified GI (Type 2)?
- Non stress bearing areas - Core build-ups - Caries control - Provisionals - Atraumatic Restorative Treatment
30
What is an example of a RMGI liner?
Vitrebond!
31
Do studies support post-operative sensitivity reduction when using Vitrebond under composite?
No! No difference with or without liner
32
11/12 studies show what in regards to clinical performance with liners under posterior composites?
- No difference in clinical performance! "There is insufficient evidence to generally recommend cavity lining or the use of any specific liner based on their antibacterial effects"
33
If you use GI as a liner or base for ceramic inlay/onlay restorations...is this a good idea?
No! - Use of glass ionomer liner or base has twice the failure rate!
34
What are some indications for sealant (Type 3)?
- Pre-cooperative children - Partially-erupted permanent molars - Example: FUJI Triage
35
Does research support a difference between RMGI sealants versus resin based sealants?
No! Neither material superior in preventing dental caries
36
What types of restorations would you want to cement with luting cements?
- Metal and metal-ceramic restorations - Reinforced all-ceramic restorations - Metal posts
37
What is the "go to" cement for posts...
Relyx Unicem Is a self adhesive