Glaucoma Medications Flashcards
(25 cards)
3 Examples of prostaglandin analogues
Latanoprost 0.005%
Travoprost 0.004%
Bimatoprost 0.03%
3 examples of beta blockers
Timolol 0.1% or 0.25% or 0.5%
Levobunolol 0.25%
Betaxolol (selective) 0.25% or 0.5%
4 Examples of combination drugs
Combigan
Cosopt
DuoTrav
Xalacom
What’s combigan made of
Brimonidine 0.2%
AND
Timolol 0.5%
Whats Cosopt made of
Dorzolamide 2%
AND
Timolol 0.5%
What’s DuoTrav made of
Travoprost 0.004%
AND
Timolol 0.5%
What’s Xalacom made of
Latanoprost 0.005%
AND
Timolol 0.5%
Name 2 Alpha 2 agonists
Brimonidine 0.2%
AND
Apraclonidine 0.5%
Name 3 Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors
Dorzolamide 2%
Brinzolamide 1%
Acetazolamide 250mg (systemic)
Name 2 Cholinergics (Miotics)
Pilocarpine 1% or 2%
Carbachol 1.5% or 3%
Mechanism of action of Prostaglandin Analogue
Decrease CT density in CB increasing uveoscleral outflow so increase AQ outflow
Mechanism of action of Beta Blockers
Decrease cAMP levels so decreases ion flow and decreases aqueous humour production
Mechanism of action of combination drugs
Both actions of each individual drug inside
Mechanism of action of alpha 2 agonists
Increase aqueous outflow by uveoscleral outflow
AND
decrease aqueous production by decreasing cAMP
Mechanism of Action of CAIs
Inhibits carbonic anhydrase so decreases production of H+ and HCO3-
= decreases anti porter activity of Na+ and Cl-
= decrease ion and AQ flow
= AQ production
Mechanism of action of Cholinergics (Miotics)
Stimulates muscarinic receptors on iris sphincter
= pupil constricts
= opens TM -> Increase outflow
Possible neuroprotective agents for glaucoma
Brimonidine
Betaxolol
Gingko Biloba = increase blood flow
Memantine
Daily dosage of Prostaglandin Analogue
1x
Daily dosage of beta blockers
1 - 2x
Daily dosage of combigan and cosopt
2x
Daily dosage of duotrav and xalacom
1x
Daily dosage of alpha 2 agonists
2x to 3x
Daily dosage of topical CAIs
Dorzolamide 2% and Brinzolamide 1%
2x to 3x
Daily dosage of systemic CAI (Acetazolamide 250mg)
2x - 4x
