Glial cells breakdown Flashcards
Oligodendrocytes and Schwann Cells
These cells form the myelin sheath, a fatty layer that insulates axons (nerve fibers) and speeds up the transmission of electrical signals
what is the difference between oligodendrocytes and myelinated axons?
Oligodendrocytes are glial cells in the central nervous system (CNS) that produce the myelin sheath, while myelinated axons are nerve fibers that are wrapped in a fatty, insulating layer of myelin, which speeds up electrical signals. Oligodendrocytes themselves are not the myelin sheath, but rather the cells that create it.
What do Schwann cells do?
Schwann cells myelinate axons in the peripheral nervous system
Astrocytes
Star shaped cells that perform a multitude of functions that consist of Providing nutrients and support to neurons,
Maintaining the blood-brain barrier which regulates what substances can enter the brain,
Helping repair damage to nervous system tissue, and
Regulating communication between neurons
Microglia
These are immune cells of the nervous system, acting as the first line of defense against pathogens and clearing away cellular debris
Ependymal cells
These cells line the ventricles (fluid filled cavities) of the brain and spinal cord, and are involved in the production and circulation of cerebrospinal fluid
Satellite cells
These glial cells are found in the peripheral nervous system, providing support and nutrients to neuron cell bodies in ganglia
What are Glial cells function
Protect neurons and help maintain the bodies Nervous system
Where is the central nervous system
The central nervous system (CNS) is made up of the brain and spinal cord. The CNS is the body’s processing centre
Where is the peripheral nervous system
The peripheral nervous system (PNS) is located everywhere in the body except for the brain and spinal cord
