Global Development Flashcards
(47 cards)
Devlopement?
the process where people, a place or a country change
Three forms of food security?
.availability
.access
.consumption
GDP per capita?
Gni
the total value of goods and services produced by a country per year divided by its population
includes overseas
single development
HDI?
composite indicator
life expectancy at birth, expected/mean years of schooling, GNI per capita
0-1
Gini coefficient?
a measure to show to the extent of inequality within a country
high value = unequal income
development gap
the difference in income and quality of life between poorest and richest regions in the world
Why has deindustrialsation occured?
emerging countries can produce goods cheaper than the UK
Causes of global inequality?
-physical environment
landlocked countries cannot trade as easy
tropical countries develop slower than temperate climates due to extreme weather conditions
small island countries have few rescources to help them develop
Political and economical policies?
open econonmy countries have devloped faster than closed economy
stable country that isnt corrupt will develop faster
Neo-colonialism
rich countries can still dominate pooer countries economically- even after they were colonies
hisotry
Social investement?
when a country invests in education and health it will develop faster
less women have children, more money into the economy
Imapacts of uneven devlopment?
.quality of housing
.quality of education- have larger families
.level of healthcare
.technology
.food and water security- cannot invest in rural development- leads to conflict
.employment- primary sector
International aid?
.provision of money/goods to other countries
.reduce development gap
Bilateral aid?
one government sends aid directly to another
Multilateral aid?
.government sends aid to an intenational organisation which then gives it to governments in need
Short term aid examples?
emergency shelter
long term aid examples?
building schools/ healthcare
Emerging countries?
.attracted large FDI from TNCs
fair trade?
A system that makes sure a product, usually from a poorer country gets a fair. price for the product they are selling.
Pros of top down development?
.large scale impacts
.generate huge money
.create alot of jobs
negatives of top down development?
.expensive
.not alot of jobs for local due to machines
.doesnt consider opinions of local communities
bottom up positives?
-NGOs and charities
.individuals at a local level get out of poverty
.less environment damage
.cheap
.more appropriate for locals
bottom up negatives?
.little impact on national economy
.only helps a minority of the population
India core vs periphery?
core-mumbai
periphary-bihar- northern and eastern- more difficult physical environments- e.g desert,mountains
