Globalisation Flashcards
What’s globalisation?
The interconnectedness of society
One locality is shaped by a distend event in another, it’s caused by the spread of information and media technology, internet , cheep flights, mass tourism, mass migration snf increased number of multinational corporation
How’s globalisation impacted crime?
Human trafficking
Online grooming (cyber crime)- fraud and scamming
Castelles say that global criminal economy worth over £1 trillion dollars a year
What are the globalisation crime?
Tax fraud and financial
Sweat shop
Green crime
Drug trafficking
People trafficking
Tax fraud and financial crime- Radical criminologists?
Radical criminologists: many global crimes committed by the very wealthy power full people, these can use influence to ensure no laws exits that would criminalise their activity
E.g. google and Starbucks placing themselves in country with low tax rates even though they are trading through Uk, headquarters in different country’s e.g. Amazon in luxomberg
Tax fraud and financial crime- Taylor?
Globalisation easier for groups and transnational corporation to more funds and profits around the world avoiding taxation
Criminal groups and legitimate corporation may overlap here, elite crimes look for opportunity’s to launder illegal profits
Global corperate crime- Sweat shops?
Due to the global nature of multinational company’s, they are able to base factories in poorer developing countries in order to lower production costs leading to exploitation of workers e.g. Nike
Global corperate crime- Sweat shops, Taylor?
Western country’s regularly switch production to the developing world, leading to unemployment of the west (relative dep)
Leading to increase in domestic crime
Global corperate crime- Sweat shops, Post modern?
If Uk workers see they can’t get a job due to imigrants getting job due to accepting lower wedges, causing a resentment increasing crime
Global corperate crime- Green crime, Marxist?
Not only global criminal gang are responsible for global crime, transnational corporations are responsible for a number of crime and green crime
GC- Crime against environment that have impact on humans carried out by powerful groups e.g. Chernobyl
-May be targets to reduce carbon emissions, not all countries dollow this so they dont have to comply, no international laws
-If company’s are making lots of money from green crime, can carry on as they are contributing to global economy so profitable
Global corperate crime- Green crime Rob White?
Believes green crime should be defined as harm to environment and creates eco-centric if harm to environment creating for humans race opposing anthropocentric view of big business assuming humans have the right to exploit environment for own benefit
Global corperate crime- Green crime Nigel South?
PRIMARY- direct result of destruction of planet e.g. air pollution, deforestation, crimes of animal rights and harm to fresh water e.g. oil spills
SECONDARY- Flouting existing laws and regulation, Harm environment and reproductions e.g. dumping toxic waster breaching health and saftey causing disasters e.g. Chernobyl, offloading products like pharmaceutical to the world market even after banning, harm against environment
Globalised Organised crime- Human Trafficking (Hobbs and Dunningham?
Crimes are increasingly glocal, still based locality but most likely to have global connections e.g. drug and human legal good trafficking
The more people and goods flown in and out of a country the more chance drugs can be smuggled in e.g. South American and Afghanistan, make way into Uk easier profiting of immigration
