Globalisation and Migration

Question 1

What is Tourism

Answer 1

The temporary movement of people from where they live/work.

Question 2

Reasons tourism is increasing

Answer 2

1. Rising incomes
2. Consumer culture
3. TV - advertising
4. Smaller families - cheaper
5. Transport - cheaper and faster

Question 3

Problems with mass tourism

Answer 3

1. Disregards environment
2. Disregards residents

Question 4

How has tourism changed in Thailand (emerging)

Answer 4

10.8 million (2000) - 39 million (2019)

Question 5

Positive impacts of tourism on Thailand

Answer 5

Economically - 67% of the GDP from tourism so a better quality of life

Question 6

Negative impacts of tourism on Thailand

Answer 6

Environmentally - lots of waste and habitat (coral) destruction
Socially - Tensions between tourists and locals and crime

Question 7

What is sustainable tourism

Answer 7

tourism that meets the needs of the current generation without compromising the ability to meet the needs of future generations

Question 8

What did Mashpi Lodge (developing) do to be
economically sustainable

Answer 8

Employs locals to work in the hotel

Question 9

What did Mashpi Lodge (developing) do to be
socially sustainable

Answer 9

1. Locals own 10% of Mashpi
2. Tour guides are locals
3. Makes Ecuadorian food, upholding the culture

Question 10

What did Mashpi Lodge (developing) do to be
environmentally sustainable

Answer 10

1. Chemical free cleaning products
2. Locally sourced food
3. Biologist educates guests
4. Mashpi Land being bought stopped logging

Question 11

What is ecotourism

Answer 11

Tourism that has a reduced impact on the environment and supports conservation efforts

Question 12

How is tourism in Costa-Rica sustainable (MIC)

Answer 12

The large scale that the environmental standards used in Costa Rica are acting on

Question 13

Environmental impacts of tourism in the Lake District (HIC)

Answer 13

1. Footpath erosion - soil eroded
2. High carbon footprint - cars
3. Algal bloom - washing detergent
4. Littering (16 million visitors)

Question 14

Economic and social impacts of tourism in the Lake District (HIC)

Answer 14

Landlords rent out houses to tourists as they pay more so locals get priced out

Question 15

What is international migration

Answer 15

Permanent movement of people across international borders

Question 16

What is emigration

Answer 16

Outwards migration over international borders

Question 17

What is immigration

Answer 17

Inwards migration across international borders

Question 18

What is economic migration

Answer 18

Migration to improve quality of life

Question 19

Who are refugees

Answer 19

People who have been forced to leave their home country to escape conflict or natural disaster

Question 20

What is an asylum seeker

Answer 20

A person who has left their country and is seeking permanent residence

Question 21

What is net migration

Answer 21

The difference between the number of immigrants and emigrants

Question 22

What is forced migration

Answer 22

Is migration away from someone’s home without choice e.g. war, famine or poverty

Question 23

Why did Polish to UK migration start and end

Answer 23

When Poland joined the EU in 2004 residents were freely allowed to move between the countries but the UK left the EU in Brexit in 2020 stopping this

Question 24

Impacts on Poland of the migration

Answer 24

Positive - remittances were sent back to Poland and cultural links to the UK improved
Negative - Loss of skilled workers (brain drain) and an ageing population

Question 25

Impacts on Polish migrants

Answer 25

Positive - More money and higher quality of life Negative - separation from family, expensive and needing to learn English

Question 26

Impacts on the UK of the migration

Answer 26

Positive - Economy grew, skilled workers filled shortages and cultural diversity improved Negative - Higher unemployment rate, pressure on services and housing

Question 27

How many die on average per day in the desert between the USA and Mexico

Answer 27

1

Question 28

What is globalisation

Answer 28

The process of the world becoming more inter-connected

Question 29

How has containerisation contributed to globalisation

Answer 29

The use of large shipping containers on huge ships has reduced costs of transport so contributing to global-shift as it is cheaper to make the products in south-east Asia and transporting them elsewhere

Question 30

What is global-shift

Answer 30

Relocation of industrial and economic activity to less developed countries

Question 31

What does the World Trade Organisation do

Answer 31

Encourage free trade by breaking down barriers to trade (taxes, tariffs)

Question 32

What does the International Monetary Fund do

Answer 32

Provides short-term loans to countries to make sure economies keep growing

Question 33

What is a TNC

Answer 33

A large company that operates across multiple countries

Question 34

What are trade blocs

Answer 34

Groups of countries that collaborate to eliminate economic trade boundaries

Question 35

One example of a trade bloc

Answer 35

EU

Question 36

How many people are employed by Shell in Nigeria

Answer 36

6000

Question 37

Negative of Shell in Nigeria on the environment

Answer 37

Oil leaks and flaring - gas burnt off contributing to greenhouse effect

Question 38

How many countries does Levis Jeans manufacture in

Answer 38

28

Question 39

What did they have to do in Foxconn in China to combat worker unhappiness

Answer 39

Install suicide nets - exploitation of workers (roughly $20 per day)

Question 40

What is Foxconn

Answer 40

World's largest electronics manufacturer

Question 41

What is a trade barrier

Answer 41

A government imposed restraint on the flow of goods and services