Globalisation Critique

Question 1

what are benefits of globalisation?

Answer 1

economic growth
improved living standards
culture integration
political stability + global governance

Question 2

benefits of globalisation- explain economic growth

Answer 2

global trade, FDI, new job opportunities, gain products + services countries couldn’t prouce themselves
–> multiplier effect
–> e.g. china= second largest economy now

Question 3

benefits of globalisation- explain improved living standards

Answer 3

wealth + investment into infrastructure, education, healthcare= growth, TNC’s can create skilled workforce in developing country e.g. Apple

Question 4

benefits of globalisation- explain culture integration

Answer 4

cultures + ideas flow = increases cultural awareness + diversity

Question 5

benefits of globalisation- explain political stability + global governance

Answer 5

• countries more interdependent and work together eg. Paris Climate change agreement

Question 6

example of dissatisfaction of globalisation?

Answer 6

UK Brexit 2016
- dissatisfaction regarding economic control, immigration etc

Question 7

what does Iran do?

Answer 7

selectively engages in globalisation
e.g. agreed to international treaties to reduce nuclear material exchange
BUT they want to limit Western influence in entertainment e.g they limit access to foreign media + social platforms (youtube etc) –> China also does this

Question 8

costs of globalisation?

Answer 8

environmental degradation
inequalities
cultural erosion
injustice + conflict

Question 9

costs of globalisation- explain environmental degredation

Answer 9

deforestation, more carbon emissions from transport etc= pollution etc, overfishing
-> global trade= race to the bottom (companies ignore envionmental impact in order to produce cheaper goods –> cheap goods= ppl can afford to be more wasteful= more landfill

Question 10

costs of globalisation- explain
inequalities

Answer 10

growing gap between rich + poor between + within countries –> top 1 % population holds 44% of worlds wealth, bottom 50% holds just 1%
–> TNCs invest in LICs= they become reliant on further TNC investment. TNC profits taken from host country, locals receive low wages + work in poor conditions e.g. Apple

Question 11

costs of globalisation- explain
cultural erosion

Answer 11

• spread of Western cultures = dilution + loss of cultures elsewhere e.g. English= dominant language= decline in indigenous tribe languages

Question 12

costs of globalisation- explain
injustice + conflict

Answer 12

improved transport + communications = human trafficking easier, ppl working in LICs work in poor conditions, exploitation of people
–> developed countries= intervened in conflicts to secure access to natural resources (oil etc)
- cyber workforce= new source of conflict –> places now dependent on the internet = attacks on computer systems have big impacts e.g. impact on M&S post cyber attack= impacted UK etc

Question 13

key words

Answer 13

• coffee industry
• TNC’s (Apple etc)
• MDG’s and SDG’s
• Antarctica global governance
• deindustrialisation (HICs)
• isolationism (Trump wants to prevent job lossses from outsourcing)
• deglobalisation

Question 14

key point on policies.

Answer 14

they need to be sustainable –> deliver growth without compromising well-being of planet + people

Question 15

globalisation pros

Answer 15

• capital + labour mobility
• greater competition- lower prices
• reduction in poverty
• rising levels of education
• increased trade= greater choice of goods
• more efficient production

Question 16

globalisation cons

Answer 16

• structural unemployment (shifting sectors)
• monopoly power of multinationals
• depletion of natural resources
• increased global warming
• increased inequality
• tax avoidance easier