Globalisation in Media, Culture, Crime, Education Flashcards
(9 cards)
Q: What is the global criminal economy and how does it relate to globalisation?
Point: Globalisation has created a global criminal economy.
Definition: Cross-border criminal networks now trade in drugs, people, weapons, and counterfeit goods.
Sociologist: Castells (Marxism) – argues the global criminal economy is worth over £1 trillion annually, driven by demand in the West and supply in developing nations.
Q: How has globalisation influenced financial and corporate crime?
Point: The neo-liberal global economy enables financial crime.
Definition: Deregulated markets and weak international oversight allow corporations and elites to exploit legal systems.
Sociologist: Taylor (Marxism) – global capitalism causes rising inequality and allows tax evasion, fraud, and money laundering by the elite.
Q: What is global risk consciousness and how does it affect crime?
Point: Globalisation creates a sense of risk and insecurity in the public.
Definition: Media and political rhetoric amplify global fears (e.g., immigration, terrorism), affecting social control and crime rates.
Sociologist: Beck (Postmodernism) – argues we now live in a “risk society” where fears are global and often irrational. E.g., 42% rise in hate crime post-Brexit.
What are moral panics, and how do they link to globalisation and crime?
Point: Media exaggeration of global threats can lead to over-policing and social control.
Definition: Sensationalised media stories create fear and justify stricter laws.
Sociologist: Cohen (Interactionism) – coined the term “moral panic” to describe how groups are demonised, often leading to harsher crime responses.
What is glocalisation in relation to organised crime?
Point: Globalisation has led to the development of glocal crime networks.
Definition: Local criminals form global connections while maintaining local control.
Sociologist: Hobbs & Dunningham (Postmodernism) – argue modern crime is based on fluid networks rather than rigid mafia-style hierarchies.
How does strain theory relate to glocalised crime?
Point: Individuals turn to crime when they can’t achieve success legally.
Definition: Crime is an adaptation to blocked opportunities, made easier through global links.
Sociologist: Merton (Functionalism) – “innovation” occurs when people seek success through illegitimate means, explaining the local roots of globalised crime.
Q: How does the global elite exploit globalisation to commit crime?
Point: Globalisation allows the elite to avoid regulation and prosecution.
Definition: They can shift profits, avoid taxes, and commit state crimes without consequence.
Sociologist: Urry (Global sociology) – argues the global elite manipulate differing international laws to benefit economically.
What’s a Realist response to the focus on global or elite crime?
Point: Realists argue street crime matters more to the public.
Definition: Working-class communities suffer more from local crime than elite wrongdoing.
Sociologist: Right Realists (e.g., Wilson) – emphasise rational choice theory, broken windows, and zero tolerance approaches to street-level disorder.
How do Left Realists expand on globalisation and crime?
Point: Crime is shaped by both structural inequality and relative deprivation.
Definition: Globalisation intensifies social exclusion, leading to crime in marginalised groups.
Sociologist: Lea & Young (Left Realism) – argue that globalisation increases marginalisation, which fuels both global and local forms of crime.
