Globalisation Part 2 Flashcards

Question

Redcar: how may job losses how many ppl claim unemployment benefits

Answer 1

2200 job loss 2500 benefits

Answer 2

contamination from industrialisation left brownfield sites (dereliction) and infertile land Redcar - 175 yrs to clean up as contamination 10m down

Answer 3

due to increased interconnectedness - cultures will influence others and in turn, be influenced themselves - increasing cross- border movement of goods, services, capital, technology, people and ideas, .

Answer 4

global media corporations e.g. BBC World Service - soft power - western companies disproportionately large influence e.g. Christmas and Halloween consumerisation influenced by Disney shows TNCs increase in global products - Starbucks tourism and migration internet and social media - vlogs from foreign countries

Answer 5

when two cultures meet, they may adapt and merge to create a new type of culture.- e.g. Texmec

Answer 6

The process of people, products and places becoming the same. It creates a ‘global village’ where ‘places everywhere are becoming the same’

Answer 7

1/2 of 6000 rise of Globish – a form of basic English consisting of about 1500 words - lingua franca

Answer 8

India - 'pyjama' and an addition of 26 Korean words into new edition of oxford dictionary french v. protective over language - language policy means that the use of French is required by law in commercial and workplace communications

Answer 9

The landscape of a place that has been shaped over time in characteristics ways by the combined action of natural and human processes.

Answer 10

concerned that cultures are being eroded and ecosystems are becoming devalued as result.

Answer 11

think that globalisation and cultural erosion can bring positive change on a worldwide scale.

Answer 12

It is an open meeting place with social movement networks. NGOs and other Silva said to commit oppose the new liberalism, and the world is dominated by capital or any form of imperialism debate ideas, democratically and formulate proposals. In Oxford, executive director suggested that current inequalities has been driven by a paragraph by a few wellfields, who have co-opted their political system to rig the rules of economic system

Answer 13

2500 business leaders and head of state for me to make deals and discuss global issues and FDI and trade are made. DC globalisation as a means to drive, economic growth and cooperation

Answer 14

Melting pot or hybridisation like london , pluralism - EU nations tall is equal rights for migrants to Practice religious and cultural beliefs. Citizenship testing - stricter regulations for migration Assimilation, the belief that minority traits disappear as host of values are adopted - France cannot wear religious symbols. Internet censorship prevent citizens from learning by other global view, points using online sources, such as China, religious, intolerance, notably lower levels of religious freedom eg Iran Close door - stopping any immigration or together for fear of cultural dilution, Cambodia, the Pol Pot years

Answer 15

40% of television output must consist of French productions. French language must be use in workplaces.

Answer 16

Prevent Internet users from using BBC or Facebook services Strict quota of 34 foreign films a yr

Answer 17

They must dress up in culturally significant outfits and face paint in order, to earn photo money. For example, the Suri woman paint their faces and put flowers in their hair, even though this is usually kept for weddings. The objectification of the tribal practices is the degrading

Answer 18

There are 7000 different culture groups, but the customs and languages are being lost. One reason it is because of intermarriages between different culture groups which means language is not passed on people move out to urban areas to work in plantations during colonialisation leaving behind their villages.

Answer 19

over 100 Indian cities dump, untreated sewage directly into the river Ganges. This results in cholera waterborne diseases, as well as eutrophication. This may be due to over population and a lack of infrastructure. Some people argue that with the development caused by globalisation, the money can be reinvested into the environment cause Kuznets Curve

Answer 20

People have a choice culture evolves cultural fusion for example America or Japanese culture. Greater understanding - there have been no global conflicts in over half a century improved equality. Some believed exposure to western culture has positive impact. For example, the Paralympics

Answer 21

It undermines diversity it is not inclusive. For example, developed countries can invest money to preserve culture was developing countries are more likely to lose tears.. censored culture - National governments can choose to filter exposure to China undermines national economies national produces can’t compete with large international companies. These TNCs are concentrated in developed countries adding to inequalities Less choice - decreasing number of multinationals offering popular culture means less choice for consumers and potentially less value for money

Answer 22

GDP value of goods and services produced by country GNI - GDP + Foreign earnings economic sector balance composition - percentage contribution of primary secondary tertiary and quaternary jobs. PPP purchasing power parity reflect cost of living

Answer 23

Not easy to calculate, for example, developing countries have large, informal sector is e.g. Dharavi Hard to compare quality of life, provided by the money, as the PPP is not always used It doesn’t show if wealth has helped develop the country. For example, Caribbean islands, e.g. Antigua wealth from tourism second homes et cetera have increased wealth but not increased wealth of residents

Answer 24

Varying levels of development between countries different spatial scales international regional local

Answer 25

Must be broad agreement that measures of the development has relevance Should be trustworthy

Answer 26

China, a second biggest GDP, but due to its higher population GDP per capita put China at 67th

Answer 27

Absolute poverty. One household income is below necessary level needed for basic living standards, $1.90 per day. Relative poverty, household income is a certain percentage below medium income

Answer 28

60% below the medium £19,800 per year

Answer 29

Infant mortality rates number of deaths of infants below one years old per year per 1000 live births Gender inequality, index

Answer 30

Reproductive health, maternal mortality adolescent fertility. This gives an idea of healthcare and access of contraceptives. Empowerment number female parliamentary seats percentage of females with a higher education Labour force participation

Answer 31

First female, majority in parliament, 61.3%.

Answer 32

Includes life expectancy GNI expected years of schooling, versus mean years of schooling Advantage, composite holistic approach, shows how GNI has help socially objective and can be compared Disadvantage does not look at environmental costs countries measure differently data or some don’t have the resources to measure data does not consider internal inequalities

Answer 33

Some aspects hard to quantify, for example, freedom of speech Hard to illustrate internal inequalities in healthcare education In many low income countries, data is unavailable as there are no resources to measure development and to pay people to do this Some social indicators are crude frozen for birth rate and death rates which are affected the other factors such as culture or aging populations

Answer 34

EPI environment, performance index AQI air quality index

Answer 35

suggest that as a country industrialises its environment becomes more degraded, but as it becomes developed and post industrial, invest back into the environment

Answer 36

Distills data on many stainable issues, always uses the most up-to-date data and expand the scope of sustainability scorecards as new research emerges 0 to 100 scale worst to best

Answer 37

UK. second 40 performance indicators put into 11 issue categories and three policies: environmental health, ecosystem vitality, and climate change

Answer 38

UN goals for global development Stop poverty, quality of education, water and sanitation zero hunger

Answer 39

Lorenz curve and Gini coefficient

Answer 40

line of perf equality and Lorenz Curve - axis: cumulative % of income (y-axis) and pop (x-axis) greater gap btw line of perf equality and curve = more inequal Good visual rep

Answer 41

Gives quantitative measure to compare 0-1 (0 = perf equality) (1 = perf inequality)

Answer 42

Adv: good to compare inequality gives better idea of the economic state of a country than a single mean - GNI Disadv: only 1/3 countries publish sm gov not pay attention or do not want inequality published as their policies' will be doubted

Answer 43

Poorest 50% = 2% of wealth Richest 10% = 76% of wealth

Answer 44

after WW2 - western nations econ grew as they had industrial resources and wealth to invest in industrialisation. ex colonies did not 1970s high-income inequality btw developed and developing from 1980s - developing increase wealth so global inequal decr but the rich get richer so incr inequal in a country

Answer 45

Win - 2000s emerging econ develop due to eco policies - open door China Globalisation, deregulation, information, technology, revolution, expansion of trade, capital flow, and global supply chains Least developed are switched off, therefore gap between emerging and developing countries emerge whilst the cat between developed and emerging economies are closing

Answer 46

South Asia, 549, percentage increase Europe, 149% increase between 2000 and 2021

Answer 47

Increasing numbers of TNCs and billionaires in South Asian countries for sample, Tata wealth is not equally distributed as affluence increases people with lower incomes are unable to keep up and therefore struggle for basic necessities Developed countries are affected by deindustrialisation due to global shift and mechanisation Emerging countries, there is a high income inequality as there are some wealthy business owners compared to people living in squatter settlements

Answer 48

Usually income difference increases for example, India or China in China, the richest 1% owns one third of all property and the richest provinces are in the south east where SEZ zones and port cities are

Answer 49

Brazil, there’s decrease in a quality nearly 0.6 Gini 2000, but 0.491 in 2015.

Answer 50

Africa Switched on north-west Africa have an income increased due to outsourcing by French TNCs coastal hugs like Lagos have grown Switched off Due to poverty, geographical, isolation, political, extremes, sub-Saharan countries have stagnant income levels

Answer 51

Name given to the dispersal of a population overseas

Answer 52

Previous open borders in the EU Deregulation took place in banking sector 1980s under Margaret Thatcher Encouragement of FDI, which encourage TNCs in workers to move overseas Humanitarian crisis is large numbers of refugees, fled to Europe since 2011

Answer 53

1950s 60s and 70s From former colonies, such as the Caribbean India or Pakistan Pull factor was availability of work due to rebuilding industry in UK After WWII push factor with poverty associated with decolonisation no visa restrictions for countries in British Commonwealth during the 1960s UK textile industries. E.g. Manchester booming needed labour 750,000 Pakistanis watch acted by these pull factors.

Answer 54

2004 after countries join the EU for example, Poland and Slovakia cause the flow of economic migrants eg Reading has a very large Polish population arrival of 1 million eastern Europeans made a population grew by about 5 million between 2004 and 2015

Answer 55

10 million about 17%

Answer 56

Clustering of Minority groups in certain areas known as ghettoisation Balham in London is a Polish community from the Polish for a ride in 1940s. Shopkeepers have adapted and started cultural shops. However, due to high birth rates due to culture carriers increase pressure on school

Answer 57

Mediterranean, coastline, France, Italy and Spain, 1990s British enclaves found thro local ethnoscapes features, such as bars and Cafes however, poor behaviour of some younger Brits have sometimes strained cultural relations with indigenous communities e.g. Calella

Answer 58

Open borders EU Schengen agreement gave workers freedom of movement leads to more competitive job market in some countries, particularly after 2004 eight countries joined an increase of econ migration into Western Europe in countries from eastern European deregulation Encourages foreign companies to invest allows industries to quote from wider poll of labour may increase competition for jobs. FDI encourage to flow more easily.

Answer 59

UK Brexit vote 2016 to leave one reason was to control the pace immigration Increase anti-immigration, political parties rising popularity since 2010 for the sample UKIP in the UK and Front National in France

Answer 60

Attention stem from people experiencing of perceiving injustice Due to level in speed of international migration, there seems to be a perceived link between migration and oppression housing shortage of school places, increased competition for jobs and loss of national identity. This has led to the rise of nationalism in Europe.

Answer 61

Extremism is holding extreme views, usually political or religious Terrorism, using violence or intimidation in the pursuit of political or religious aims

Answer 62

Rejects, the current political consensus in Europe, right wing populism used to describe political parties with opposition to immigration. For example, the English defence league is far right Islamophobic employs street demonstrations BNP far right fascist political party

Answer 63

Economically insecure, lower middle class, citizens and skilled and unskilled manual workers feel threatened by the influx of migrants Feel less motivated due to increase economic competition and rising diversity threatens national culture

Answer 64

Some tensions are about the flow of goods, such as water, and of pollutants conflict is most likely in developing nations with water is vital to feed struggling growing population and promote industrial development

Answer 65

Runs through six countries, including China Vietnam Thailand impact over 300 million people 2020 countries commission plan to build over 200 dams on river and its tributaries Cambodia and Vietnam, which on the lower course of the river are concerned because they’re likely to receive much lower flow rate of the dams go ahead Mekong river agreement established in 1995, tries to manage conflict in the future. It is a treaty signed by all except China.

Answer 66

International guidelines to help manage tensions not enforced by law. But state all countries that border water resource should have equal share in it and an equal responsibility to protect it from pollution is all structural changes such as dams need to be agreed by all countries before they go ahead.

Answer 67

China, and half the length of Mekong Basin is mountainous for sale than is in one of China’s poorest regions, damning river to generate hydroelectric power can encourage economic development there Myanmar least affected only has some tributaries, and would be affected by dam Dial and 36% of territory within Mekong Basin for Thailand, once it for water and electricity generation for industrial development Leo is one of the worlds poorest countries, 90% of population depends on Mekong for agriculture dams for hydroelectricity would reduce the flow downstream Cambodia, nearly all of Cambodia within the Mekong Basin depends on river for crucial annual flooding of its rice. Growing areas. Lack of reliable energy sources lead to depletion of forests. Hydroelectricity would boost countries economic development, but also displaced farmers from fertile land beside river. Vietnam Mekong Delta is fertile area supports 40% of Vietnam, population aanya floods, allow large amount of rice to be grown dams upstream reduce with a flow to Vietnam 10% has already been lost

Answer 68

Since 2008, five tier points system in UK to control immigration EU make immigration cannot be controlled whilst UK was a member New Brexit, immigration rules Ending free movement, introduced immigration, bill, firm, and fair points, based system, attract high skilled workers. EU a non-EU citizens will be treated equally give top priority to those with high skills and greatest talent, not introduce a general low skilled or temporary work route. Focus economy away from reliance on cheap labour from Europe, instead concentrate on investment in technology and automation Initiatives also are put forward for scientists graduates, NHS workers and providing businesses, with addition of flexibility in the short a term.

Answer 69

China’s Great Fire war in China Internet very widely used by about 65% of population 2020 however, such as for politically sensitive subjects, get no results because of China communist party seeks to prevent unhelpful discussion state-controlled censorship print publishing of broadcasting is run by official state media State monitored, oversee, contacts and media and monitored and censored Internet banned in North Korea as supreme leader, Kim Jong un. Does no one people having access to western ideas.

Answer 70

Protection is an economic policy, limiting trade between countries for tariffs on imported goods, under strict quotas 20005 EU briefly band, cheap Chinese textiles Trump tariffs- series of tariffs imposed during presidency of Donald Trump as part of the Econ policy for example on solar panels and washing machines and data into on steel is an aluminium. The only country is exempt from steel and aluminium. Tariffs are Australia and Argentina.

Globalisation Part 2 Flashcards

(95 cards)