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My urinARY > Glom path > Flashcards

Glom path Flashcards

1
Q

GN

what is the difference between focal and segmental

A

focal refers to less than 50%of glomeruli being affected segmental refers to less than 50%of the capillary tuft being affected

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2
Q

GN

what does membranous refer to

A

thickening of glomerular membrane

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3
Q

GN

what is the difference between diffused and global

A

diffused refers to more than 50%of glomeruli being affected global refers to involvement of entire glomerular tuft

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4
Q

GN

what is glomerulonephritis

A

inflammation of the glomerulus

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5
Q

GN

what is glomerulosclerosis

A

segmental or global capillary collapse

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6
Q

GN

What are the symptoms of nephrotic syndrome

A

proteinuria hypoalbuminuria oedema hyperlipidaemia

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7
Q

GN

What is the common line of treatment for nephrotic syndrome

A

o Loop diuretics => reduction of oedema o ACEI o Underlying cause treatment o Steroids

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8
Q

GN

what is the pathogenesis and treatment for minimal change Gn and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis

A

damage to the pedicles leading to scarring steroids (may be irresponsive or recurrent)

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9
Q

GN

what are the risk factors for minimal change

A

asthma, eczema, hay fever, upper resp inf

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10
Q

GN

What are the risk factors for FSGN

A

HIV and oedema

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11
Q

GN

what is the damage with membranous glomerulonephritis

A

IgG accumulation(immune complexes) and thickening of GBM

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12
Q

GN

What is the treatment for membranous glomerulonephritis

A

steroids or cyclophosphamide

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13
Q

GN

what are the secondray causes of cyclophosphamide

A

hep B, malignancy, SLE

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14
Q

GN

what is the pathology of diabetes in terms of proteinuria

A

• Microscopic damage to the blood vessels

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15
Q

GN

What is pathology of Nephritic syndrome

A

damage that leads to haematuria

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16
Q

GN

What is the pathology of IgA nephropathy

A

IgA accumulation and damage to mesangium , usual post-streptococcal due to circulating antibody

17
Q

GN

What are two common inherited condition associated with nephritic syndrome and what are the distinguishing features

A

Alport’ s => abnormal collagen IV, associated with deafness, X-linked thin GBM benign causes, isolated haematuria

18
Q

GN

What is the pathology of Goodpasture

A

anti GBM antibody against collagen IV

19
Q

GN

what is a common clinical presentation of Goodpasture

A

Acute onset nephritic syndrome High blood pressure Uremic Associated with pulmonary haemorrhage Incidence increased with smoking

20
Q

GN

What is the treatment for Goodpasture or vasculitis

A

immunosuppression or plasmapheresis

21
Q

GN

What is the antibody found in vasculitis

A

anti neutrophile cytoplasmic antibody

22
Q

GN

what is the antibody in SLE

A

anti-nuclear antibody

23
Q

GN

what is the microscopic difference between glomerular and haematuria and bleeding

A

casts and abnormal RBC in glomeruli due to squeezing of the cells on passage

My urinARY (5 decks)

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