Glossary Flashcards
(27 cards)
What is an achromatic channel?
A channel of visual processing that conveys information about the luminance or light and dark properties of a visual scene
What is an amacrine cell?
Retinal cell that connects to bipolar, ganglion and other amacrine cells
What is a binocular neuron?
A neuron that receives input to its receptive field from each eye
What does binocular disparity refer to?
A small difference in the position of input on the two retinas that provides a cue to depth
What is a biplexiform ganglion cell?
Ganglion cell connecting directly to photoreceptors
What is a bistratified ganglion cell?
Ganglion cell projecting to the koniocellular layers of the LGN
What is a chromatic channel?
A channel of visual processing that conveys information about the colour properties of a visual scene
What is a complex cell?
Orientation selective cell in visual cortex with no identifiable excitatory and inhibitory zones
What are cones?
Photoreceptor in the retina that is sensitive to high light levels, used for photopic vision
What is the dorsal stream?
Processing stream, including cortical areas V3, MT and MST, which is claimed to specialise in the analysis of movement, depth and action
What is a ganglion cell?
Retinal cell that is the output of the retina; ganglion axons form the optic nerve
What is a hypercolumn?
Block of cortex containing one complete cycle of ocular dominance and a full range of orientation preferences
What is a horizontal cell?
Retinal cell whose axon spreads laterally across retinal connecting several photoreceptors
What are koniocellular layers?
Layers in between parvocellular and magnocellular layers in the lateral geniculate nucleus, receiving input from bistratified ganglion cells
What are midget ganglion cells?
Most common type of ganglion cell projecting to the parvocellular layers of the LGN
What are magnocellular layers?
Layers in the lateral geniculate nucleus with large cell bodies, receiving input from parasol ganglion cells
What is neural blue?
Removal of spatial detail from in the incoming visual signal as a consequence of neural processing
What is ocular dominance?
The tendency of binocular cells in visual cortex to prefer input more strongly from one eye than the other eye
What is an ocular dominance column?
Slab of cortical tissue running at right angles to the surface of the cortex, in which all binocular cells share the same degree of ocular dominance
What is an orientation column?
Slab of cortical tissue running at right angles to the surface of the cortex, in which all orientation-selective cells share the same preferred orientation
What is a parasol ganglion cell?
Ganglion cell projecting to the magnocellular layers of the LGN
What are parvocellular layers?
Layers in the lateral geniculate nucleus with small cell bodies, receiving input from midget ganglion cells
What are rods?
Photoreceptor in the retina that is sensitive to low light levels, used for scotopic vision
What is a simple cell?
Orientation selective cell in visual cortex with excitatory and inhibitory zones
