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2024 Google IT professional Glossary > Glossary 2 > Flashcards

Glossary 2 Flashcards

(80 cards)

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1
Q

Address bus

A

Connects the CPU to the MCC and sends over the location of the data, but not the data itself

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2
Q

ATA

A

The most common interface that hard drives use to connect to our system

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3
Q

Backward compatible

A

It means older hardware works with newer hardware

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4
Q

ATX (Advanced Technology eXtended)

A

The most common form factor for motherboards. Advanced Technology eXtended (ATX) comes in different sizes. If you don’t want to use an ATX form factor, you could use an ITX or Information Technology eXtended form factor.

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5
Q

Bios (Basic Input Output Services)

A

The BIOS is software that helps initialize the hardware in
our computer and gets our operating system up and running. After running a POST, the BIOS initializes the hardware and loads up essential drivers. The BIOS settings are stored in the CMOS

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6
Q

BYOD (Bring Your Own Device)

A

Refers to the practice of allowing people to use their own
personal devices for work

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7
Q

Cache

A

The assigned stored location for recently or frequently accessed data; on a mobile app it is where anything that was changed or created with that app is stored

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8
Q

Charge cycle:

A

One full charge and discharge of a battery

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9
Q

Chipset

A

It decides how components talk to each other on our machine

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10
Q

Clock cycle

A

When you send a voltage to the clock wire

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11
Q

Clock speed

A

The maximum number of clock cycles that it can handle in a set in a certain time
period

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12
Q

Clock wire

A

When you send or receive data, it sends a voltage to that clock wire to let the CPU know it can start doing calculations

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13
Q

CPU

A

Central processing unit. The correct order when assembling the CPU
CPU > Thermal Paste > Heatsink > CPU Fan

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14
Q

CPU socket

A

A CPU socket is a series of pins that connect a CPU’s processor to the PC’s motherboard. Land Grid Array (LGA) and Pocket Grid Array (PGA) are two common types of CPU sockets.

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15
Q

Data sizes

A

Metrics that refer to data sizes including bit, byte, kilobyte, kibibyte, and megabyte

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16
Q

DDR SDRAM (Double Data Rate SDRAM)

A

A type of RAM that is faster, takes up less power,
and has a larger capacity than earlier SDRAM versions

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17
Q

Desktop

A

The main screen where we can navigate our files, folders, and applications

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18
Q

DIMM

A

Dual Inline Memory Module

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19
Q

Display port

A

Port which also outputs audio and video

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20
Q

DRAM

A

Dynamic Random Access Memory

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21
Q

Drivers

A

The drivers contain the instructions our CPU needs to understand external devices like keyboards, webcams, printers.

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22
Q

DVI

A

DVI cables generally just output video

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23
Q

Electrostatic discharge

A

Electrostatic discharge is a sudden and momentary flow of electric
current between two electrically charged objects caused by contact, an electrical short or dielectric breakdown

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24
Q

External Data Bus (EDB)

A

It’s a row of wires that interconnect the parts of our computer

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25
Factory reset
Resetting a device to the settings it came with from the factory
26
Form factor
A mathematical way to compensate for irregularities in the shape of an object by using a ratio between its volume and height
27
Hard drive
It is a long term memory component that holds all of our data, which can include music, pictures, applications
28
Hardware
External or internal devices and equipment that help you perform major functions
29
HDD (Hard disk drive)
Hard disk drives, or HDDs, use a spinning platter and a mechanical arm to read and write information
30
HDMI
A type of cable that outputs both video and audio
31
Heatsink
It is used to dissipate heat from our CPU
32
Instruction set
A list of instructions that our CPU is able to run
33
ITX (Information Technology eXtended)
A form factor for motherboards that is much smaller than ATX boards
34
Land Grid Array (LGA)
It is a type of CPU socket that stick out of the motherboard
35
Lightning adaptor
One of the standard power, data and display connector types used in mobile devices
36
Mb/s
megabit per second, which is a unit of data transfer rate
37
Memory controller chip (MCC)
A bridge between the CPU and the RAM. The MCC finds the instructions for step number three in RAM, grabs the data, and sends it through the EDB.
38
Micro display port
One of the standard power, data and display connector types used in mobile devices
39
Micro HDMI
One of the standard power, data and display connector types used in mobile devices
40
Micro USB
One of the standard power, data and display connector types used in mobile devices
41
Mini HDMI
One of the standard power, data and display connector types used in mobile devices
42
Mini USB
One of the standard power, data and display connector types used in mobile devices
43
Motherboard
The body or circulatory system of the computer that connects all the pieces together.
44
Northbridge
interconnects stuff like RAM and video cards
45
NVMe (NVM Express)
interface standard which allows greater throughput of data and increased efficiency
46
Overclocking
it increases the rate of your CPU clock cycles in order to perform more tasks. Overclocking increases the rate of your CPU clock cycles in order to perform more tasks. This is commonly used to increase the performance in low-end CPUs
47
PCI Express
Peripheral Component Interconnect Express. PCIe gives us the ability to increase the functionality of our computer such as upgrading the graphics card.
48
Peripherals
the external devices which we connect to our computer that add functionality, like: a mouse, a keyboard, and a monitor
49
Pin Grid Array (PGA)
CPU socket where the pins are located on the processor itself
50
Ports
Connection points that we can connect devices to that extend the functionality of our computer
51
POST (Power On Self Test)
Figures out what hardware is on the computer and makes sure it is running properly before the BIOS initializes the hardware or loads up essential drivers
52
Power supply
Converts electricity from our wall outlet onto a format that our computer can use
53
Programs
Basic instructions that tell the computer what to do
54
RAM
Random Access Memory. The type of motherboard you have determines what RAM sticks you should buy. A RAM chip stores temporary data and will wipe its data in a power failure.
55
Registers
An accessible location for storing the data that our CPU works with
56
Reimaging
The process of reimaging involves wiping and reinstalling an operating system using a disk image which is a copy of an operating system
57
Return merchandise authorization (RMA)
The process of receiving returned merchandise and authorizing a refund
58
ROM chip (Read Only Memory)
A read-only memory chip where the BIOS is stored. A ROM chip stores permanent data and will keep its data if there is a power failure.
59
RPM
Revolutions per minute
60
Safe operating temperature
The temperature range in which rechargeable batteries must be kept in order to avoid damage
61
SATA
The most popular serial ATA drive, which uses one cable for data transfers. PCs use SATA to power hard drives and SSDs
62
SDRAM
It stands for Synchronous DRAM, this type of RAM is synchronized to our systems' clock speed allowing quicker processing of data
63
SOC (System On a Chip
Packs the CPU, Ram, and sometimes even the storage onto a single chip
64
Southbridge
It maintains our IO or input/output controllers, like hard drives and USB devices that input and output data
65
SSD
Solid State Drive. SSDs have non-moving parts, are a smaller form factor, and utilize non-volatile memory.
66
Standoffs
Used to raise and attach your motherboard to the case
67
Thermal paste
A substance used to better connect our CPU and heat sink, so the heat transfers from to the other better
68
Type-C connector
A type of USB connector meant to replace many peripheral connections
69
UEFI
United Extensible Firmware Interface
70
USB (Universal Serial Bus)
A connection standard for connecting peripherals to devices such as computers
71
USB-C adapter
One of the standard power, data and display connector types used in mobile devices
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2024 Google IT professional Glossary (9 decks)

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