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Year 4 Dermatology > Glossary > Flashcards

Glossary Flashcards

(111 cards)

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1
Q

Abscess

A

inflammatory nodule containing pus

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2
Q

Acanthosis

A

Hyperplasia of the PCL causing an increase in epidermal thickness

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3
Q

Adnexae

A

structures making up hair, nails and glands

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4
Q

Alopecia

A

loss of hair

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5
Q

Allergen

A

Antigens that induce allergic reactions

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6
Q

Anagen

A

Growth phase of hair

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7
Q

Anaphylaxis

A

Severe type 1 hypersensitivity

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8
Q

Annular

A

ring shaped

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9
Q

Antibody

A

protein generated in response to an antigen

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10
Q

Apocrine

A

type of sweat gland

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11
Q

Atopy

A

hypersensitivity with genetic predisposition

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12
Q

Atrophy

A

wasting / shrinking of cells, tissues or organ

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13
Q

Auspitz sign

A

pinpoint bleeding seen when scale of psoriasis is removed

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14
Q

Blackhead

A

open comedone

dark sebum and keratin plug at pilosebaceous unit

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15
Q

Bulla

A

> 5mm

fluid filled blister

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16
Q

Burrow

A

excavation in KL housing a parasite

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17
Q

Cafe au lait spots

A

pigmented patches seen in neurological conditions e.g. neurofibromatosis (overgrowth of nerve endings)

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18
Q

Callus

A

hypertrophy of KL in localised areas usually hands and feet

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19
Q

Carbuncle

A

cluster of furuncles causing skin necrosis

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20
Q

Carcinoma

A

malignant growth of epithelial cells

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21
Q

Carcinoma in situ

A

malignant potential but not crossed the basement membrane

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22
Q

Catagen

A

involuting phase of hair growth

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23
Q

Cellulitis

A

inflammation of the dermis

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24
Q

Cold sore

A

herpes simplex infection usually of lips

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25
Comedone
``` "blackhead" = open "whitehead" = closed ```
26
Compound naevus
Collection of benign melanocytes at DEJ and dermis
27
Corn
cortical thickening of KL pointing into dermis | painful
28
Crust
dried exudate on skin
29
Cryotherapy
freezing treatment - liquid nitrogen
30
Cyst
nodule containing semisolid material
31
Depigmentation
removal of pigment
32
Dermatitis
aka eczema | inflammatory process involving epidermis
33
Dermatome
area of skin supplied by a single spinal root
34
Desmosome
structure connecting keratinocytes
35
Drug eruption
skin reaction caused by medication
36
Ecchymosis
"bruising" | red/purple patch of haemorrhage in skin or mucous membrane
37
Eccrine
type of sweat gland
38
Elastosis
degeneration of elastic tissue in dermis
39
Erosion
break in epidermis | does not reach dermis
40
Erythroderma
redness over majority of body
41
Excoriation
superficial abrasion due to scratching
42
Fissure
linear split in skin
43
Follicle
depressed cavity
44
Freckle
pigmented macule by melanin production
45
Furuncle
pus filled nodule by bacterial infection of hair follicle
46
Genodermatosis
genetically determined skin disease
47
Guttate
drop shaped
48
Hamartoma
tumour like but non-neoplastic overgrowth of tissue with disordered structure
49
Hirsutism
excessive male pattern hair growth
50
Hyperhidrosis
excessive sweating
51
Hyperkeratosis
increased thickening of KL
52
Hyperpigmentation
abnormally increased pigmentation
53
Hyperplasia
increase in cell number
54
Hypersensitivity
exaggerated immune response to a foreign agent
55
Hypertrichosis
excessive hair growth in a non-androgenic pattern
56
Hypertrophic scar
enlarged and thickened scar
57
Hypertrophy
increase in cell size
58
Ichthyosis
dry, roughened and scaly skin
59
Keloid
elevated scar enlarging beyond wound margins composed of excessive collagen
60
Keratolysis
dissolution of KL
61
Keratosis
horn like thickening of skin
62
Lanugo
fine hair on babies
63
Lentigo
pigmented macule
64
Leukonychia
white discolouration of nails
65
Lichenification
chronic thickening of skin with increased skin markings
66
Macerate
soften by wetting or soaking
67
Macule
flat lesion / non palpable | <1cm
68
Milia
small white cyst containing keratin
69
Munro's abscess
microabscesses in parakeratotic layer in psoriasis
70
Naevus
stable malformation of the skin
71
Necrosis
pathological cell death
72
Neurofibroma
tumour of Schwann cells
73
Nodule
Solid elevation of the skin | >5mm
74
Onycholysis
separation of nail from nail bed
75
Panniculitis
inflammation of subcutaneous fat layer
76
Papilloma
nipple like projection from skin surface
77
Papule
solid elevation of the skin | <5mm
78
Parakeratosis
nuclei retained in keratinocytes in KL
79
Paronychia
inflammation of tissue around nails
80
Petechia
Minute haemorrhagic spot
81
Pilar
relating to hair
82
Pitted nails
small depression of nail plate
83
Plaque
slightly raised flat lesion | >2cm
84
Poikiloderma
combination of telangiectasia, pigmentation and atrophy in the skin
85
Pore
opening of a sweat duct
86
Porphyria
group of diseases caused by abnormalities of porphyrin metabolism
87
Pruritis
itch
88
Psoriasiform
like psoriasis
89
Purpura
haemorrhage into tissues causing red/purple discolouration | non-blanching
90
Pustule
raised lesion containing pus
91
RAST
Radioallergosorbent test to detect specific IgE antibodies
92
Scab
crust on superficial wounds
93
Sclerosis
induration or hardening
94
Seborrhoea
excessive secretion of sebum
95
Sebum
greasy product of sebaceous glands
96
Sinus
cavity or channel
97
Spongiosis
intercellular oedema of epidermis
98
Squamous cell
flat cells
99
Striae
atrophic line in skin due to changes in connective tissue | aka stretch marks
100
Telangiectasia
visible dilatation of dermal blood vessels
101
Telogen
resting stage of hair growth
102
Ulcer
break into dermis
103
Ungual
relating to nails
104
Urticaria
wheals and itching
105
Vasculitis
necrotising inflammation of blood vessels
106
Vesicle
small blister containing clear fluid | <5mm
107
Weeping
exudation of clear serum from inflamed skin
108
Wheal
transitory papule or plaque of dermal oedema
109
Whitehead
closed comedone
110
Wickham's striae
pale reticular network on surface of lesions of lichen planus
111
Wood's lamp
emits long wavelength UV light producing immunofluorescence in certain conditions e.g. fungal infection

Year 4 Dermatology (16 decks)

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