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Year 4 Dermatology > Infection > Flashcards

Infection Flashcards

(63 cards)

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1
Q

What is pityriasis rosea

A

post viral skin condition
solitary lesion known as a herald patch appears first and then there is truncal eruption of small pink oval lesions
each lesion has peripheral scale
Xmas tree distribution

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2
Q

management of pityriasis rosea

A

self limiting
topical steroids
phototherapy rarely if severe

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3
Q

What is pityriasis versicolor

A

yeast infection of the skin which can result in hyper/hypopigmented patched

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4
Q

what microbes affect the skin

A

bacterial - staph A, strep pyogenes, pseudomonas
viral - HSV, VZV, Orf
fungal - dermatophyte: trichophytum rubrum
yeast - malassezia, candida

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5
Q

what is folliculitis

A

inflammation of the hair follicles

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6
Q

what is furunculosis

A

acute deep infection of the hair follicles

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7
Q

what do you call infection of a single hair follicle

A

boil

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8
Q

what is a carbuncle

A

contiguous hair follicles that have become infected - multiple heads

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9
Q

cause of impetigo

A

Staph Aureus

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10
Q

what can cause folliculitis

A

Staph aureus

Malassezia yeast

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11
Q

features of impetigo

A

yellow coloured / honey crust
raw bright red appearance underneath
usually on the face and affects young children

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12
Q

cause of Bullous impetigo

A

Staph A exotoxin resulting in desquamation

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13
Q

what is SSSS

A

widespread Staph A infection resulting in lots of desquamation
children > adults

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14
Q

causes of cellulitis

A

staph aureus

strep pyogenes

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15
Q

what do you call infection of the dermis

A

cellulitis

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16
Q

features of cellulitis

A

unilateral hot tender advancing rash on lower limbs
signs of infection
absence of scale…

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17
Q

what is erysipelas

A

more superficial infection of the skin

peau d’orange and swollen appearance

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18
Q

what do you call infection of the subcutis and what is the management

A

nectrostising fasciitis

debridement and IV antibiotics

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19
Q

investigations for bacterial infection

A

swabs and sensitivities

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20
Q

Management of bacterial infection

A

topical fusidic acid / mupirocin
oral antibiotics
prevention of spread
IV antibiotics

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21
Q

Cause of viral warts

A

HPV 1-4

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22
Q

RF for viral infections

A

immunocompromised - HIV, steroids, biologics, genetics

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23
Q

cryotherapy is a good treatment option for peri ungal warts, true or flase

A

false, it can cause permanent damage to nail growth

salicylic acid is used instead

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24
Q

You must treat all viral warts, true or false

A

false, they are self limiting

but they are usually treated anyway

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25
describe molluscum contagiosum
small umbilicated firm papules
26
cause of molluscum contagiosum
pox virus
27
what is herpes labialis also known as
cold sores
28
management of herpes labialis
self limiting or prophylactic aciclovir
29
HSV of skin appearance
clustered vesicles
30
cause of shingles
VZV
31
clusters of vesicles differential diagnoses
HSV and VZV | viral swab to differentiate
32
features of eczema herpeticum
``` monomorphic punched out lesions widespread painful erythematous erosions excoriations ```
33
pattern of shingles
vesicles in a dermatomal pattern | may burst to form erosions
34
what is tinea pedis also known as
athletes foot
35
conditions that favour fungal infection
macerated / wet
36
what is tinea cruris
fungal infection of the groin
37
what is tinea manuum
fungal infection of the hand
38
how can the configuration of fungal infections be described
annular - ring shaped
39
causes of fungal infection
dermatophyte
40
management of fungal infection
topical antifungals | oral terbinafine
41
what happens when a fungal infection is maltreated with steroids
tinea incognita loses annular appearance diffuse red rash harder to diagnose as fungal
42
what is tinea unguum and how do you manage it
nail fungal infection PO therapy - be aware of side effects e.g. hepatotoxic interactions
43
what is tinea corporis
fungal infection of the body
44
what is tinea capitus
fungal infection on the head/scalp
45
what is a kerion and in whom is it seen
severe inflammatory reaction to tinea capitus in the scalp - can lead to scarring hair loss boggy indurated lesion with pus children needs oral therapy
46
fungal infection investigations
scrapings clippings of hair and nails Woods lamp Biopsy with PAS stain (not usually done)
47
management of fungal infection
anti yeast cream ketoconaole shampoo
48
what infections can candida cause
angular cheilitis intertrigo - raindrop appearance white discolouration
49
what is paronychia and what are the divisions
infection/inflammation around the nail bed | acute and chronic
50
causes of paronychia
bacterial | fungal
51
features and cause of acute paronychia
rapid onset collection of cysts usually bacterial - staph or pseudomonas
52
cause of chronic paronychia
yeast | clippings
53
management of fungal infections
topical antifungals PO for scalp or nails be aware of hepatotoxicity with oral therapy
54
in which condition is a Tzanck smear done
SSSS
55
risk factors for cellulitis
``` immunocompromised DM CKD Ulcers Obesity alcohol bites athletes foot ```
56
which strains of HPV cause the following: hand and feet warts genital warts cervical cancer
hand and feet warts - HPV 1-4 genital warts - HPV 6, 11 cervical cancer - HPV 16+18
57
in which direction do fungal infections grow
outwards and heals in the centre | so always take scrapings from the edge
58
features of scabies infection
persistent itching - worse at night close contacts also itching tracts in webspaces black dots
59
management of scabies infection
topical permethrin for patients and family
60
what complication must you check for in herpes zoster ophthalmicus
Hutchinsons sign - rash at the tip of the nose is suggestive of involvement of the cornea
61
appearance of erythema multiforme and causes
targetoid lesions | HSV, mycoplasma pneumoniae
62
what is treponema pallidum also known as
syphilis
63
in which condition is erythema chronicum migrans seen in
lyme disease

Year 4 Dermatology (16 decks)

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