Glossary Exam #2

Question 1

those chemicals specifically designed for use in the preparation of bodies following an autopsy.

Answer 1

Autopsy chemicals

Question 2

concentrated embalming chemicals which are injected into the cavities of the
body following aspiration in cavity embalming. These fluids can also be used for surface and hypodermic embalming of the problem areas.

Answer 2

Cavity fluid

Question 3

fluid injected for purposes other than preservation and disinfection

Answer 3

Accessory chemicals

Question 4

fluids designed to clear the vascular

system of blood and enable the arterial solution to distribute with greater facility.

Answer 4

Pre-injection fluids (primary injection/capillary wash)

Question 5

the reaction between a fat and a strong base to produce glycerol and the salt of a fatty acid (soap).

Answer 5

Saponification

Question 6

the microbial (enzymatic) decomposition of carbohydrates under anaerobic conditions.

Answer 6

Fermentation

Question 7

the swelling and softening of tissues and organs as a result of absorbing moisture
from adjacent sources.

Answer 7

Imbibition

Question 8

the decomposition of proteins by the action of enzymes from anaerobic bacteria.

Answer 8

Putrefaction

Question 9

supplemental fluids that may enhance arterial fluids by the addition of special chemicals such as humectants.

Answer 9

Restorative fluids

Question 10

fluids that generally fall into one of three categories: pre-injection, co-injection, and humectants or restorative fluids.

Answer 10

Supplemental fluids

Question 11

the concentrated, preservative embalming chemical that will be diluted with water (or another appropriate vehicle such as alcohol) to form the arterial solution for injection into the arterial (vascular) system during vascular (arterial) embalming.

Answer 11

Arterial (vascular) fluids

Question 12

chemicals for which there may be greatly varying demands predicated upon the type of embalming, the environment and the arterial fluid to be used.

Answer 12

Modifying agents

Question 13

the first or initial injection, may or may not contain preservatives.

Answer 13

Primary injection (pre-injection)

Question 14

components of embalming solutions used to inactivate the active chemical groups of proteins and amino acids; to inhibit decomposition; to kill microorganisms; destroy odors and eliminate their further formation; and to inactivate enzymes.

Answer 14

Preservatives

Question 15

additional germicides added to embalming fluids.

Answer 15

Supplementary germicides

Question 16

formaldehyde gas dissolved in water at 37% by weight and 40% by volume.

Answer 16

Formalin

Question 17

the rapid oxidation or burning that produces heat and light.

Answer 17

Combustion

Question 18

the process of converting soluble protein to insoluble protein by heating or by contact with a chemical such as an alcohol or an aldehyde.

Answer 18

Coagulation

Question 19

self-digestion or self-destruction of the body by autolytic enzymes.

Answer 19

Autolysis

Question 20

a change of state of matter from a gas to a liquid.

Answer 20

Condensation

Question 21

the process by which a substance is given definite form.

Answer 21

Crystallization

Question 22

the linking together of monomers or basic chemical units to form a polymer.

Answer 22

Polymerization

Question 23

a physical change of state during which a substance changes directly from a solid to a gas.

Answer 23

Sublimation

Question 24

the passage of pure solvent from a solution of lesser solute concentration to one of greater solute concentration when the two solutions are separated by a semi-permeable membrane which selectively prevents the passage of solute molecules but it is permeable to the solvent.

Answer 24

Osmosis

Question 25

a compound consisting of oxygen combined with only one other element.

Answer 25

Oxides

Question 26

any substance that imperils health or life when absorbed into the body.

Answer 26

Poison

Question 27

the material upon which an enzyme works.

Answer 27

Substrate

Question 28

a poisonous substance produced by higher plants, animals, or pathogenic bacteria that is toxic (poisonous) to humans.

Answer 28

Toxin

Question 29

a common name for a triacylglycerol that is a semisolid or solid at room temperature and contains a high percentage of saturated fatty acids.

Answer 29

Fats

Question 30

a protein that acts as a biological catalyst.

Answer 30

Enzyme

Question 31

a type of lipid formed from the combination of unsaturated and/or saturated fatty acids and high molecular weight alcohols (not glycerol).

Answer 31

Wax

Question 32

a compound of hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen that is an aldehyde or ketone derivative of polyhydroxyl alcohol (sugars, starches, and glycogen).

Answer 32

Carbohydrate

Question 33

a wax-like material produced by saponification of body fat in a body buried in alkaline soil.

Answer 33

Adipocere (grave wax)

Question 34

a solution-like system in which the size of the solute particle is between 1 and 100 nanometers. Particles of solute pass through filters but not membranes.

Answer 34

Colloid

Question 35

a compound whose hydrolytic products are fatty acids and alcohols.

Answer 35

Simple lipid

Question 36

the smallest dose of a poison (or radiation) on record that produces death.

Answer 36

Minimum lethal dose (MLD)

Question 37

a solution containing a relatively large amount of solute.

Answer 37

Concentrated solution

Question 38

the ratio of mass or volume of a solute to the mass or volume of the solution or solvent.

Answer 38

Concentrations

Question 39

a solution containing all of the solute the solvent is able to hold at a certain temperature and pressure.

Answer 39

Saturated solution

Question 40

that injection taking place after the primary injection (first injection or pre-injection).

Answer 40

Secondary injection