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130 Test 9 Oxygen > Glossary words > Flashcards

Glossary words Flashcards

1
Q

Adventitious sounds

A

Abnormal lung sounds hear with auscultation

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2
Q

Apnea

A

Absence of respiration for a period of time

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3
Q

Atelectasis

A

Collapse of alveoli, preventing the normal respiratory exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide

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4
Q

Bradypnea

A

Abnormally slow rate of breathing

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5
Q

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation CPR

A

Basic emergency procedures for life support consisting of artificial respirations and manual external cardiac massage

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6
Q

Cheyenne-Stokes respiration

A

Occurs when there is decreased blood flow or injury to the brainstem

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7
Q

Chest percussion

A

Striking the chest wall with a cupped hand to promote mobilization and drainage of pulmonary secretions

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8
Q

Chest physiotherapy CPT

A

Group of therapies used to mobilize pulmonary secretions for expectoration

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9
Q

Cough

A

Sudden, audible expulsion of air from the lungs. The person breathes in, the glottis is partially closed, and the accessory muscles of expiration contract to expel the air forcibly

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10
Q

Crackles

A

Fine bubbling sounds heard on auscultation of the lung, produced by air entering distal airways and alveoli, which contain serous secretions

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11
Q

Cyanosis

A

Bluish discoloration of the skin and mucus membranes caused by an excess of deoxygenated hemoglobin in the blood or a structural defect in the he,of login molecule

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12
Q

Diffusion

A

Movement of molecules from and area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration

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13
Q

Dyspnea

A

Sensation of shortness of breath

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14
Q

Eupnea

A

Normal respirations that are quiet, effortless and rhythmical

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15
Q

Fremitus

A

A palpable vibration on the body.

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16
Q

Hemothorax

A

Accumulation of blood and fluid in the pleural cavity between the parietal and visceral pleurae.

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17
Q

Hemoptysis

A

Coughing up blood from the respiratory tract

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18
Q

Hypercapnea

A

Greater-than-normal amounts of carbon dioxide in the blood, also called hypercarbia

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19
Q

Hyperventilation aka (hyperpnea)

A

Respiratory rate in excess of that required to maintain normal carbon dioxide levels in the body tissue

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20
Q

Hypoventilation aka (hypopnea)

A

Respiratory rate insufficient to prevent carbon dioxide retention

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21
Q

Hypoxemia

A

Arterial blood oxygen level less than 60 mm Hg; low oxygen level in the blood

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22
Q

Hypoxia

A

Inadequate cellular oxygenation that may result from a deficiency in the delivery or use of oxygen at the cellular level

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23
Q

Incentive spirometry

A

Method of encouraging voluntary deep breathing by providing visual feedback to patients of the inspiratory volume they have achieved

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24
Q

Kussmauls respiration

A

Increase in both rate and depth of respirations

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25
Q

Nebulization

A

Process of adding moisture to inspired air by the adding water droplets

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26
Q

Orthopnea

A

Abnormal condition in which a person must sit or stand to breath comfortably

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27
Q

Percussion

A

Method of physical examination whereby the location size, and density of a body part is determined by the tone obtained from the striking of short, sharp taps of the fingers

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28
Q

Pleural friction rub

A

Adventitious lung sound caused by inflamed parietal and visceral pleura rubbing together on inspiration

29
Q

Pneumothorax

A

Collection of air or gas in the pleural space

30
Q

Postural drainage

A

Use of positioning along with percussion and vibration to drain secretions from specific segments of the lungs and bronchi into the trachea

31
Q

Rhonchi

A

Abnormal lung sound when auscultated when the patients airways are obstructed with thick secretions

32
Q

Tachypnea

A

Abnormally rapid rate of breathing

33
Q

Ventilation

A

Respiratory process by which gases are moved into and out of the lungs

34
Q

Vibration

A

Fine, shaking pressure applied by hands to the chest wall only during exhalation

35
Q

Wheeze

A

Adventitious lung sounds caused by a severely narrowed bronchus

36
Q

Alveoli

A

Tiny air sacs in the lungs where oxygen and carbon dioxide is exchanged

37
Q

Anoxia

A

Absence of oxygen

38
Q

Apneustic

A

Abnormal breathing- deep gasping inspiration with a pause at full inspiration followed by a brief, insufficient release

39
Q

Bronchodilator

A

A drug that causes widening of the bronchi (albuterol)

40
Q

Biot’t respirations

A

Abnormal pattern of breathing- groups of quick shallow inspirations followed by regular or irregular periods of apnea

41
Q

Bronchoscopy

A

Test to view the airways and diagnose lung disease

42
Q

Cardiac arrest

A

A sudden, sometimes temporary, cessation of function of the heart

43
Q

Combustion

A

The process of burning something

44
Q

Crackles aka (rales)

A

Abnormal rattling sound heard when examining unhealthy lungs with a stethoscope

45
Q

Crepitation

A

Crackling or rattling sound

46
Q

Erythrocytes

A

Red blood cell

47
Q

Expectorant

A

A medicine that promotes the secretion of sputum by the air passage, used especially to treat coughs

48
Q

Exploratory reserve volume (ERV)

A

Lung volumes and lung capacities refer to the volume of air associated with different phases of the respiratory cycle.

49
Q

Expectorate

A

Cough or spit out phlegm from the throat or lungs

50
Q

Flail Chest

A

Or paradoxical breathing is a life-threatening medical problem that occurs when a segment of the rib cage breaks under extreme stress and becomes detached from the rest of the chest wall.
It occurs when multiple Adjacent ribs are broken in multiple places, separating a segment, so that part of the chest wall, moves independently.

Happens by multiple rib breaks requires 3 or more ribs in 2 or more places

51
Q

Functional residual capacity (FRC)

A

Is the volume of air present in the lungs, at the end of passive expiration

52
Q

Thoracentesis

A

Removal of fluid from the chest by centesis for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes

53
Q

Tidal volume

A

Is the amount of air exhaled after normal inspiration

54
Q

Residual volume

A

The amount of the air left in the aveoli after full expiration

55
Q

Forced vital capacity

A

is the maximum amount of air that can be removed from the lungs during forced expiration

56
Q

Ventilation depends on

A

adequate blood supply, (blood circulation to tissue)

57
Q

how many readings for a peak flow meter?

A

3 readings

58
Q

how does petroleum jelly react with oxygen

A

friction between oxygen and petroleum jelly can cause a fire

59
Q

vital capacity

A

volume of air exhaled after maximum inhalation

60
Q

Functional Residual capacity

A

Volume of air left in lungs after normal exhalation

61
Q

Total lung capacity

A

Total volume of air in lungs following a maximum inhalation

62
Q

Arterial Blood gases (amounts)

A

pH———–7.35-7.45
PaCO2——35-45mm Hg
PaO2——–80-100
SaO2——–95-100% (oxygen saturation)(measured in the oxygen available in the tissues)

63
Q

hemoptysis

A

coughing up blood (in sputum)

64
Q

Assessment-Respiratory

A

1)Pulmonary function test
tidal volume
residual volume
functional capacity
vital capacity
total lung capacity
2) Arterial Blood gases
pH———–7.35-7.45
PaCO2——35-45mm Hg
PaO2——–80-100
SaO2——–95-100%
3) Cytologic studies- look at sputum under microscope (cancer, pathogens)
4) Endoscopic studies
Bronchoscopy: Both use local aneth. test
Laryngoscopy: gag reflex look for bleeding
(Hemoptysis)
5) Chest x-ray
6) Lung scan
7) Throracentesis- go into thorax often to remove fluid. (sterile conditions) Preformed in pt’s room.
Informed consent. Check lung sounds and vital before and after. Lie on unaffected side afterwards

65
Q

Dyspnea management

A

1) Pharmacological agents- bronchodilators
Albuterol and epinephrine (fast acting)
Trebutaline- oral (1/2 onset) sub Q (6- 15 min)
Corticosteroid- long onset
2) Oxygen therapy
3) physical techniques
4) relaxation techniques

66
Q

Humidification

A

add water to gas

67
Q

nebulization

A

adds moisture to air breathing, thins secretions

68
Q

Chest physiotherapy (3)

A

1) percussion– cupped hand patting
2) vibration– shaking—manually or with vest
3) postural drainage

69
Q

pursed lips

A

so aveoli do not collapse

130 Test 9 Oxygen (5 decks)

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