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MSK exam 3 AP lower limb > gluteal and posterior femoral regions > Flashcards

gluteal and posterior femoral regions Flashcards

(72 cards)

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2
Q

piriformis

A

attached to the sacrum

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3
Q

greater and lesser sciatic notches form what?

A

foramen because there are ligaments-sacrotubrerous ligament-becomes greater and lesser sciatic foramina

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4
Q

gluteal region?

A

superficial and deep layers

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5
Q

attachments of gluteus maximus

A

origin: between posterior crest of ilium and posterior gluteal line and sacrotuberous ligament
insertion: gluteal tuberosity of femur and IT tract**has distal tendon on IT tract

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6
Q

action of gluteus maximus

A

extension
, lateral rotation of thigh

action at ITT with tensor fascia latae stabilizes the knee

important in going up stairs or getting up from a sitting position

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7
Q

superficial gluteal muscles?

A

gluteus maximusgluteus mediusgluteus minimustensor fascia latae

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8
Q

attachments of gluteus medius

A

origin: between posterior crest of ilium and posterior gluteal line and sacrotuberous ligament
insertion: gluteal tuberosirt of femur and IT tract

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9
Q

deltoid of the lower limb

A

gluteal medius

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10
Q

action of gluteus medius?

A

abduction of thigh

posterior fibers - laterally rotate thigh (w/ gluteus maximus)

anterior fibers - medially rotate thigh (w/ gluteus minimus)

levels sacral base when opposite limb is unsupported

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11
Q

innervation of gluteus maximus

A

inferior gluteal nerve

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12
Q

attachments of gluteus minimus?

A

origin: ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines
insertion: greater trochanter of femur - anterior surface

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13
Q

action of gluteus minimus?

A

abduction and medial rotation of thigh

acts with gluteus medius in leveling sacral base

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14
Q

paralyze the L5 (which is what nerve?)

A

nerve is the superior gluteal nerve

sacral base drops

usually the gluteus medius and minimus are leveling the sacral base when the opposite foot is off the ground

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15
Q

attachment of tensor fascia latae?

A

origin: anterior outer portion of iliac crest next to ASIS
insertion: via IT tract to lateral tibial condyle

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16
Q

action of tensor fascia latae?

A

abducts, flexes and medially rotates thigh

by tensing IT tract maintains knee extended

crosses two joints

brace and buttress the knee

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17
Q

action of tensor fascia latae?

A

abducts, flexes and medially rotates thigh

by tensing IT tract maintains knee extended

brace and buttress the knee

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18
Q

muscles of deep gluteal region?

A 
piriformis
gemellus superior
obturator internus
gemellus inferior
quadratus femoris
**lateral rotation
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19
Q

innervation of tensor fascia latae?

A

superior gluteal nerve

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20
Q

attachment of piriformis

A

origin: anterior surface of sacrum, lateral to anterior sacral foramina
insertion: greater trochanter of femur

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21
Q

action of piriformis

A

abduction of thigh, lateral rotation of thigh

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22
Q

tensor fascia latae with straight leg?

A

flex and medially rotate

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23
Q

attachments of gemellus superior?

A

origin: ischial spine
insertion: tendon of obturator internus (greater trochanter)

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24
Q

innervation to piriformis?

A

nerve to piriformis

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25
Q

action of gemellus superior?

A

lateral rotation of thigh

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26
what attaches to greater trochanter?
gemellus superior and inferior obturator internus
27
attachments of obturator internus
origin: internal surface of obturator membrane and margins of oburator foramen insertion: greater trochanter
28
innervation of gemellus superior?
nerve to obturator internus
29
action of obturator internus?
lateral rotation and some abduction of thigh
30
attachments of gemellus inferior
origin: ischial tuberosity near margin of lesser sciatic notch insertion: tendon of obturator internus (greater trochanter)
31
innervation of obturator internus?
nerve to obturator internus
32
action of gemellus inferior?
lateral rotation of thigh
33
innervation of gemellus inferior?
nerve to quadratus femoris
34
attachments of quadratus femoris
origin:ischial tuberosityinsertion:area midway between trochanter on posterior surface of femur
35
action of quadratus femoris
lateral rotation of thigh
36
muscles of posterior femoral compartment?
biceps femoris semimembranosus semitendinosus
37
attachment of biceps femoris?
origin:long head - ischial tuberosity short head - middle third lateral lip linea aspera of femur insertion:lateral condyle of tibia, head of fibula
38
innervation of quadratus femoris
nerve to quadratus femoris
39
innervation of biceps femoris?
long head - tibial component of sciatic nerve short head - common fibular nerve
40
action of biceps femoris?
long head - extends thigh, flexes legshort head - flexes leg
41
attachments of semimembranosus
origin:ischial tuberosityinsertion:posterior surface, medal condyle of tibia
42
attachments of semitendinosus
origin: ischial tuberosity insertion: medial anterior surface of tibia below condyle
43
action of semitendinosus
extends thigh | flexes and medially rotates leg when knee is flexed
44
action of semimembranosus
extends thigh, flexes leg and medially rotates leg when knee flexed
45
what forms the pes anserinus?
sartorius, gracilis, semitendinosus same actions on knee-flexion and medial rotation of tibia when tibia flexed
46
superior gluteal artery
branch of internal iliac artery passes from pelvic cavity to gluteal area through the greater sciatic foramen SUPERIOR to piriformis
47
innervation of semitendinosus
tibial component of sciatic nerve
48
vessels around piriformis?
superior gluteal and inferior gluteal
49
deep branch of superior gluteal artery?
divides into superior and inferior branches-both travel between gluteus medius and minimus superior branch - tensor fascia lata fossa inferior branch - trochanteric fossa
50
superficial branch of superior gluteal artery?
to gluteus maximus
51
inferior gluteal artery?
branch of internal iliac arterypasses to gluteal area from pelvic cavity via greater sciatic foramen INFERIOR to piriformis
52
muscular branch of inferior gluteal artery?
to gluteus maximus and muscles in area of ischial tuberosity
53
inferior gluteal artery anastomosis?
branches to cruciate anastomosis so near the neck of the femur
54
largest peripheral nerve in body?
sciatic nerve
55
branches of inferiour gluteal artery?
muscular, anastomosis branch, branch to sciatic nerve, coccygeal, cutaneous
56
coccygeal branch of inferior gluteal artery?
pierce sacrotuberous ligament to gain gluteus maximus and subcutaneous region over coccyx
57
cutaneous branch of inferior gluteal artery?
accompanies posterior femoral cutaneous nerve
58
sacral plexus
ventral rami spinal nerves L 4,5 S 1,2,3 motor and cutaneous innervation to lower limb, muscles of pelvus and perineum, and skin of perineum
59
vasculature of posterior femoral compartment?
perforating vessels of profunda femoral artery and vein
60
nerves to gluteal area
pass from sacral plexus as neurovasacular bundles to deep side of muscles
61
superior gluteal nerve
L4,5 S1 originates in sacral plexus exits pelvis via greater sciatic foramen ABOVE piriformis muscle in company with superior gluteal artery and vein courses between gluteus medius and minimus innervates gluteus medius, minimus and tensor fascia latae
62
inferior gluteal nerve?
L5 S1,2 originates from sacral plexus, exits pelvis through greater sciatic foramen ANTERIOR to piriformis in company with sciatic, pudenal, and posterior femoral cutaneous nerves, inferior gluteal and internal pudenal vessels passes directly into gluteus maximus which it innervates
63
sciatic nerve
L 4,5 S 1,2,3 largest peripheral nerve of body and principal nerve of sacral plexus exits pelvis through greater sciatic foramen, passing anteriorly and sometimes through substance of piriformis
64
two components of sciatic nerve?
tibial common fibular
65
tibial nerve?
component of sciatic nerve-composed of anterior divisions of ventral rami, spinal nerves L4-S3 semimembranosus, semitendinosus, long head of biceps femoris as well as ischiocondylar portion of the adductor magnus
66
sciatic nerve course in the butt and thigh. what muscles is it laying under or on top of?
passes deep to piriformus superifical to the deep lateral rotators of thigh (gamellus superior and inferior, quadratus femurs, obturator internus) and deep to the gluteus maxinus in thigh, lies on the posterior surface of the adductor magnus (deep to hamstrings)
67
common fibular nerve?
component of sciatic nerve-composed of posterior divisions of ventral rami, spinal nerves L4-S2 short head of biceps femurs
68
what is the relationship of the piriformis to the sciatic nerve.
the sciatic nerve emerges underneath the piriformis
69
need to know courses of what?
superior and inferior gluteal and sciatic nerves***
70
cord levels of the posterior femoral cutaneous n.
S1 2 3
71
what does cluneal nerve refer to?
the buttocks
72
why is the hamstring hurt more often?
because it is one muscle layer and can't distribute strain as easily as the quadriceps
73
what is the consequence of injury to the superior gluteal n?
sacral base will not be level when opposite limb is unsupported because of weak or paralyzed medius and minimus muscles TRENDELENBERG SIGN

MSK exam 3 AP lower limb (15 decks)

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