Glycolysis

Question 1

End product of glycolysis

Answer 1

Pyruvate

Question 2

Why is anaerobic glycolysis important

Answer 2

Allow cells that lack mitochondria to produce ATP

Question 3

Substrate specificity of hexokinase

Answer 3

Broad

Question 4

Hexokinase is inhibited by …

Answer 4

Glucose 6 pi

Question 5

Km of hexokinase

Answer 5

Low so high affinity

Question 6

Hexokinase vmax

Answer 6

Low

Question 7

Hlucokinase is found in

Answer 7

Liver

Question 8

Glucokinase vmax

Answer 8

High

Question 9

Glucokinase is regulated by

Answer 9

Glucokinase regulatory protein which binds it when high fructose 6 pi preventing glycolysis

When glucose is high, glucokinase is free and can proceed with glycolysis

Question 10

Isomerization of glucose 6 pi to fructose 6 pi done by…

Answer 10

Phosphoglucose isomerase

Question 11

Most important control point
Committed step
And rate limiting step of glycolysis is …

Answer 11

Phosphofructokinase 1

Question 12

PFK1 inhibited by

Answer 12

High ATP

High Citrate

Question 13

PFK1 activated by

Answer 13

AMP allosterically

Fructose 2,6 biphosphate ( even when high ATP)

Question 14

PFK2 produce ..

Answer 14

Fructose 2,6 biphosphate

Question 15

What enzyme prevent activation of both glycolysis and gluconeogenesis at same time preventing futile cycle ?

Answer 15

Fructose 2,6 biphosphate

Question 16

Well fed state ( high insulin) effect on fructose 2,6 biphosphate and glycolysis

Answer 16

Fructose 2,6 biphosphate increases

Glycolysis increases

Question 17

Starvatation state (high glucagon) effect on fructose 2,6 biphosphate and glycolysis

Answer 17

Decreased fructose 2,6 biphosphate

Decreased fglycolysis

Question 18

Aldo pass cleaves fructose 1,6 bishopshate to profuce ..

Answer 18

Glyceraldehyde 3 pi

Dihydroxyacetone

Question 19

Triode phosphate isomerase inter converts…

Answer 19

Dihydroxy acetone to glyceraldehyde 3pi which further enhance glycolysis

Question 20

Synthesis of 1,3 biphosphoglycerate done by

Answer 20

Glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase

Question 21

Biphosphoglycerate mutasse converts ..

Answer 21

1,3 BPG to 2,3 BPG

Question 22

Phosphoglycerqte kinase converts …

Answer 22

1,3 BPG to 3 phosphoglycerate

Question 23

Phosphoglycerate mutasse converts ..

Answer 23

3 phosphoglycerate to 2 phosphoglycerate

Question 24

Enolase converts ..

Answer 24

2 phosphoglycerate to PEP (phosphoenolpyruvate)

Question 25

Pyruvate kinase converts

Answer 25

PEP to pyruvate

Question 26

Pyruvate kinase activated by

Answer 26

Fructose 1,6 biphosphate

Question 27

Pyruvate kinase inhibited by

Answer 27

Glucagon which produces high cAMP which produce Pka and phosphorylation pyruvate kinase which gets inactivated

Question 28

3 activities of pyruvate dehydrogenase

Answer 28

Oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate -> forms acetyl coa Carboxylation of pyruvate ( biotin dépendant) -> OAA Reduction of pyruvate to Ethanol

Question 29

Steps where ATP is used

Answer 29

Step one step three With 2 ATP used

Question 30

Steps where ATP is produced

Answer 30

Phosphoglycerate mutase step Pyruvate formation step

Question 31

Step where NADH is produced

Answer 31

Glyceraldehyde 3 Phosphate dehydrogenase

Question 32

Sides of the body where glycolysis is anaerobic

Answer 32

``` Red blood cells lens kidney medulla Testes Leukocytes ```

Question 33

Why is phosphorylation of glucose important in the first step of glycolysis

Answer 33

Phosphorylation traps the glucose in the cytosol which commits it To be further metabolized

Question 34

Main enzyme deficiency in glycolysis

Answer 34

Pyruvate kinase