Glycolysis and Glycogen

Question 1

Glucose + ATP Glucose-6P + ADP

Answer 1

• Glycolysis step 1
• Hexokinase (Glucokinase in liver)
• ATP cofactor
• Phosphorylation

Question 2

Glucose-6P Fructose-6P

Answer 2

• Glycolysis step 2
• Phosphoglucose isomerase
• Isomerization

Question 3

Fructose-6P + ATP Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate

Answer 3

• Glycolysis step 3
• Phosphofructokinase
• ATP cofactor
• Phosphorylation

Question 4

Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate Dihydrozyacetone-P (DHAP) + Glyceraldehyde (GAP)

Answer 4

• Glycolysis step 4
• Aldolase
• Aldol cleavage

Question 5

Dihydroxyacetone-P (DHAP) Glyceraldyhyde-P (GAP)

Answer 5

• Glycolysis step 5
• Triose-P Isomerase
• Isomerization

Question 6

GAP + Pi + NAD+ 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate + NADH

Answer 6

• Glycolysis step 6
• GAPDH
• NAD+ cofactor
• Acyl thioster intermediate
• Oxidation + Phosphorylation

Question 7

1,3-bisphosphoglycerate + ADP 3-Phosphoglycerate + ATP

Answer 7

• Glycolysis Step 7
• Phosphoglycerate kinase
• ADP cofactor
• Substrate-Level Phosphorylation

Question 8

3-Phosphoglycerate 2-Phosphoglycerate

Answer 8

• Glycolysis Step 8
• Phosphoglycerate Mutase
• P-His Prosthetic Group
• Intramolecular Phosphoryl Transfer

Question 9

2-Phosphoglycerate Phosphoenolpyruvate + H2O

Answer 9

• Glycolysis step 9
• Enolase
• Dehydration

Question 10

Phosphoenol Pyruvate + ADP Pyruvate + ATP

Answer 10

• Glycolysis Step 10
• Pyruvate Kinase
• ADP cofactor
• Substrate-Level Phosphorylation

Question 11

Glucose-6-P Glucose-1-p

Answer 11

• Glycogen Metabolism step 1
• Phosphoglycomutase
• P-Ser prosthetic group
• Intramolecular Phosphoryl Transfer

Question 12

Glucose-1-P + UTP UDP-Glucose + PPi

PPi –> 2Pi

Answer 12

• Glycogen Metabolism step 2
• UDP-GLU Pyrophosphorylase/Pyrophosphatase
• UTP Cofactor
• Phosphoanhydride exchange

Question 13

UDP-Glucose + Glycogen –> UDP + Glycogen (+1)

Answer 13

• Glycogen metabolism step 3
• Glycogen synthase
• UDP Cofactor
• Glucosyl transfer

Question 14

7-residue fragment linked 1,4 –> new 1,6 linked branch

Answer 14

• glycogen metabolism step 4
• Branching Enzyme
• Transglycosylation

Question 15

Terminal 1,4 linked glucosyl + Pi –> Glucose-1-P

Answer 15

• glycogen metabolism step 5
• Glycogen phosphorylase
• Phosphorolysis

Question 16

Trisaccharide from one 4-residue branch to another branch

Answer 16

• glycogen metabolisms step 6
• Debranching Enzyme
• Transglycosylation

Question 17

Cleavage of single 1,6 linked Glucosyl –> Glucose

Answer 17

• glycogen metabolism step 7
• Debranching enzyme
• hydrolysis

Question 18

Glucose-1-P -> Glucose-6-P

Answer 18

• glycogen metabolism step 8
• reverse of step 1
• phosphoglucomutase
• P-Ser prosthetic group
• intramolecular phosphoryl transfer