Glycolysis enzymes

Question 1

Hexokinase regulation

Answer 1

inhibited by glucose 6-phosphate

Question 2

glucokinase regulation

Answer 2

pos regulation by insulin

Question 3

phosphofructokinase-1 regulation

Answer 3

pos regulation by insulin
activation by fructose-2,6-bisphosphate and AMP
inhibited by ATP and citrate

Question 4

pyruvate kinase regulation

Answer 4

• pos regulation by insulin
• neg regulation by glucagon mediated phosphorylation
• activated by fructose-1,6-phosphate
• inhibited by ATP and alanine

Question 5

pyruvate dehydrogenase cofactors

Answer 5

thiamine
lipoate
FAD

Question 6

pyruvate dehydrogenase complex regulation

Answer 6

neg regulation by acetyl coa, NADH, phosphorylation by they pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase

Question 7

what inactivates pyruvate dehydrogenase complex

Answer 7

phosphorylation by pyruvate dehydogrenase kinase

Question 8

deficiencies in what can result in lactic acidosis

Answer 8

pyruvate dehydrogenase complex

Question 9

what is inhibited by fluroacetate

Answer 9

aconitase

Question 10

isocitrate dehydrogenase regulation

Answer 10

neg reg by NADH

pos reg by ADP and Ca

Question 11

what are physiologically unidirectional steps in the TCA cycle

Answer 11

those catalyzed by isocitrate dehydrogenase and alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase

Question 12

alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase co-factors

Answer 12

thiamine
lipoate
FAD

Question 13

alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase regulation

Answer 13

neg reg by NADH

pos reg by CA

Question 14

TCA enzyme involved in substrate level phosphorylation

Answer 14

succinate thiokinase

Question 15

what is the only enzyme of TCA embedded in mitochondrial membrane

Answer 15

succinate dehydrogenase

Question 16

what is also complex II in the ETC. what will this oxidize?

Answer 16

succinate dehydrogenase

will oxidize FADH2

Question 17

enzymes responsible for conversion of glucose to glucose 6-phosphate

Answer 17

glucokinase or hexokinase

Question 18

hexokinase

Answer 18

found in tissues other than liver

low Km for glucose and is rapidly saturated

Question 19

glucokinase

Answer 19

found in liver or pancreas

high Km for glucose and not rapidly saturated

Question 20

enzymes responsible for conversion of fructose 6-phosphate to fructose 1,6 bisphosphate

Answer 20

phosphofructokinase-1

Question 21

when PFK2 is dephosphorylated it is

Answer 21

active as a kinase

Question 22

fructose 2,6-bisphosphate enhances activity of

Answer 22

PFK1

Question 23

fructose 1,6-bisphosphate is feedforward activator of

Answer 23

pyruvate kinase

Question 24

enzymes responsible for conversion of phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate

Answer 24

pyruvate kinase

irreversible reaction