glycosides 3 - saponin glycosides

Question 1

saponins are isolated from

Answer 1

bark, seeds, leaves , stem, roots, and fruits of plants

Question 2

plants that contain triterpenoid saponin

Answer 2

alfalfa, licorice , horse chestnut , peas , soybean , sunflower , sugar beet , spinach , tea, quinoa , quillaja

Question 3

can you find saponins in other organisms

Answer 3

they can be found in marine animals like:

-Star fish (asteroideae)

-sea cucumber (holothuroidae)

and their function is defense

Question 4

what is the scientific name for fenugreek

Answer 4

Triogenlla foenum-graeceum L. Leguminosae

Question 5

scientific name for diosgenin

Answer 5

dioscorea sylvatica Fam. Fabaeceae

Question 6

uses of diosgenin

Answer 6

precursor for synthetic steroidal hormones such as cortisol , progesterone , pregalonone
it increases milk secretion/lactation and used for oral contraceptives

Question 7

where do u find diosgenin and what is it

Answer 7

it is a steroidal saponin —> spirostane

can be found in the seeds of fenugreek or in the tubers of dioscorea wild yam species ex kokoro

Question 8

adverse effects of saponin glycosides

Answer 8

if used in high doses and prolonged use — leads to excessive salivation , diarrhea , loss of appetite , paralysis

Question 9

potential source of diosgenin

Answer 9

seeds of fenugreek

seeds of triogenlla foenum graceum L. Legiumonsae

Question 10

biological effects of fenugreek

Answer 10

anti-diabetic , antipyretic , anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-ulcer,
cholesterol-lowering, increases lactation

Question 11

uses of fenugreek

Answer 11

spice and source of diosgenin

Question 12

scientific name for ginseng

Answer 12

Panax ginseng C.A meyar Fam. Araliceae

Question 13

what kind of glycosides are found in ginseng and where exactly

Answer 13

Saponin glycosides are found in the ROOTS of ginseng more precisely Triterpenoid tetracyclic (damarine)

Question 14

uses of ginseng

Answer 14

used as adoptgens to improve stamina, concentration, reduce stress (maintain optimal homeostasis)

in Asia: diabetes, sexual impotency, anemia, gastritis

Question 15

difference between white and red ginseng

Answer 15

white - first sun dry the root and then remove the outer layer

red - first steam the root, then artificially dry then sun dry

the red has more saponin and is more powerful

Question 16

name the ginsenosides in ginseng

Answer 16

panaxdiol, panaxtriol

Protopanaxdiol , protopanaxtriol

Question 17

what is the scientific name for licorice

Answer 17

Glycyrrhiza glabara L. Fabaceae

Question 18

where do u find saponin glycosides in licorice

Answer 18

in the roots and stolons , they are dried peeled or unpeeled, whole or cut root

Question 19

what kind of saponin glycosides are found in licorice

Answer 19

triterpenoid pentacyclic

glycyrrhizin - contains pentacyclic moeity (aglycone) and 2 sugars with COOH

Question 20

medicinal uses of licorice

Answer 20

flavoring , demulcent , mild expectorant , symptomatic relief in peptic ulcer pain

confectionary and tobacco trade

Question 21

if licorice was used excessively what could this lead to

Answer 21

hypertension and hypokalemic alkalosis

Question 22

whats responsible for sweet taste in licorice

Answer 22

glyccerizhin or glyph on acid