GM crops Flashcards
(4 cards)
1
Q
How is insulin extracted?
A
- the gene which codes for the desired protein is located and isolated using restriction enzymes. The isolated genes have sticky ends
- The plasmid from the bacterial cell is cut with the same restriction enzymes. This leaves complementary sticky ends to the isolated genes
- The gene is inserted into the plasmid. The complimentary sticky ends, are joined using the enzyme DNA ligase , forming a recombinant plasmid.
- This plasmid is inserted into the bacteria which will then produce this protein as the inserted gene is expressed
- the bacterial cell reproduces, making more cells which produce the protein
2
Q
Examples of genetic engineering
A
- Insulin production
- Herbicide and insect resistant plants
- Vitamin rich plants
3
Q
Advantages of genetic engineering
A
- GM CROPS contain genes which are resistant to harsh environmental conditions like flooding or droughts
- GM CROPS are resistant to pests and diseases. This reduces the need for herbicides, lowering the costs of farming
- It reduces nutritional deficiencies in certain populations
4
Q
Disadvantages of genetic engineering
A
- Loss of biodiversity
- GM CROPS are expensive
- Long-term health impacts not known
