GMAT 09

Question 1

re·vise noun \ˈrē-ˌvīz\

Answer 1

1. VERB 改正，改变，修正(想法) If you revise the way you think about something, you adjust your thoughts, usually in order to make them better or more suited to how things are.
   He soon came to revise his opinion of the profession.
   他很快就改变了对这个职业的看法。
2. VERB 调整，改变(价格、数目、估计等) If you revise a price, amount, or estimate, you change it to make it more fair, realistic, or accurate.
   They realised that some of their prices were higher than their competitors’ and revised prices accordingly…
   他们意识到自己有些价格高于竞争对手，就相应调整了价格。
   The United Nations has been forced to revise its estimates of population growth upwards.
   联合国已经被迫上调了其对人口增长做出的预测。
3. VERB 修改（音乐作品）；修订（法律）；审定，校订（文章、书籍） When you revise an article, a book, a law, or a piece of music, you change it in order to improve it, make it more modern, or make it more suitable for a particular purpose.
   Three editors handled the work of revising the articles for publication…

3位编辑负责文章的修订出版工作。
The staff should work together to revise the school curriculum.
全体教职工应当齐心协力修订学校课程。

4. VERB （考前）复习，温习 When you revise for an examination, you read things again and make notes in order to be prepared for the examination.
   I have to revise for maths…
   我得复习数学。
   I’d better skip the party and stay at home to revise.
   我最好还是不去参加这个聚会，留在家里温习功课。
   in AM, use 美国英语用 review

Question 2

re·vi·sion·ism noun \ri-ˈvi-zhə-ˌni-zəm\

Answer 2

1. ADJ （对历史事件）持修正论的 If you describe a person or their views as revisionist, you mean that they reject traditionally held beliefs about a particular historical event or events.
   Revisionist history must be challenged by historical research.
   必须通过历史研究对修正主义历史学进行质疑论证。
   …the revisionist interpretation of the French Revolution.
   对法国革命的修正性阐释
   A revisionist is a person who has revisionist views.历史修正主义者
2. ADJ （社会主义者的行动或观点）修正主义的，修正主义者的 If a socialist describes another socialist’s actions or opinions as revisionist, they mean that they are unacceptable because they are different from the main beliefs of Marxism.
   This revisionist thesis departs even further from Marxist assertions.
   这篇修正主义的论文更加偏离了马克思主义的主张。
   A revisionist is a person who has revisionist views.修正主义者
   …ferocious infighting between Stalinist hardliners and revisionists.
   斯大林主义强硬派和修正主义者之间激烈的内部争斗

— re·vi·sion·ist -nist\ noun or adjective

Question 3

re·vi·tal·ize verb (ˌ)rē-ˈvī-tə-ˌlīz\

Answer 3

1. VERB 使新生;使复兴;使恢复活力（或健康） To revitalize something that has lost its activity or its health means to make it active or healthy again.
   in BRIT, also use 英国英语亦用 revitalise
   This hair conditioner is excellent for revitalizing dry, lifeless hair.
   这种护发素能够非常有效地修复干枯的头发。
   …the revitalized Democratic Party.
   复兴的民主党

— re·vi·tal·i·za·tion (ˌ)rē-ˌvī-tə-lə-ˈzā-shən\ noun

Question 4

re·viv·al noun \ri-ˈvī-vəl\

Answer 4

1. N-COUNT 复苏;复兴;恢复;再次流行 When there is a revival of something, it becomes active or popular again.
   This return to realism has produced a revival of interest in a number of artists…
   这种重回现实主义的趋势已经重新激起了人们对许多艺术家的兴趣。
   There is little chance of a revival in new car sales until at least August next year.
   至少到明年8月之前，新车销量回升的希望都微乎其微。
2. N-COUNT (戏剧、歌剧或芭蕾等的)重新上演 A revival is a new production of a play, an opera, or a ballet.
   …John Clement’s revival of Chekhov’s ‘The Seagull’.
   约翰·克莱门特对于契诃夫的《海鸥》的重新演绎
3. N-UNCOUNT （复兴基督教信仰的）奋兴布道会 A revival meeting is a public religious event that is intended to make people more interested in Christianity.
   He toured South Africa organizing revival meetings.
   他游历南非，组织奋兴布道会。

Question 5

rev·o·ca·ble adj \ˈre-və-kə-bəl \

Answer 5

adj.可废止的，可取消的，可撤回的

Question 6

rhet·o·ric noun \ˈre-tə-rik\

Answer 6

1. N-UNCOUNT 花言巧语;华丽的词藻;浮夸之词 If you refer to speech or writing as rhetoric, you disapprove of it because it is intended to convince and impress people but may not be sincere or honest.
   What is required is immediate action, not rhetoric…
   需要的是立刻采取行动，而不是说些华而不实的空话。
   The harsh rhetoric had so soured officials that the two sides were barely speaking.
   激烈的言辞让官员们关系如此恶化，双方几乎不怎么说话。
2. N-UNCOUNT 修辞;修辞学 Rhetoric is the skill or art of using language effectively.
   …the noble institutions of political life, such as political rhetoric, public office and public service.
   政治生活中高尚的惯例，如政治雄辩术、公职和公共服务

Question 7

rheu·ma·toid adj -ˌtȯid\

Answer 7

adj.风湿病的，类风湿病的

Question 8

rhi·noc·er·os noun \rī-ˈnäs-rəs\

Answer 8

1. N-COUNT 犀牛 A rhinoceros is a large Asian or African animal with thick grey skin and a horn, or two horns, on its nose.

Question 9

rhi·no·vi·rus noun \ˌrī-nō-ˈvī-rəs\

Answer 9

n.<医>鼻病毒

Question 10

rhom·bus noun \ˈräm-bəs\

Answer 10

1. N-COUNT 菱形 A rhombus is a geometric shape which has four equal sides but is not a square.

Question 11

rhyth·mic adj \ˈrith-mik\

Answer 11

adj.有节奏的； 有韵律的； 有节律的； 按节拍的

— rhyth·mi·cal·ly -mi-k(ə-)lē\ adverb

We could hear a rhythmic drumming outside.

<lulled to sleep by the rhythmic sound of her mother’s voice reading the Bible>

Question 12

rib noun \ˈrib\

Answer 12

1. N-COUNT 肋骨 Your ribs are the 12 pairs of curved bones that surround your chest.
   Her heart was thumping against her ribs…
   她的心脏紧抵着肋骨砰砰跳动。
   My face was covered with bruises and I had a broken rib.
   我的脸上全是瘀伤，肋骨还断了一根。
2. N-COUNT 排骨;肋条（肉） A rib of meat such as beef or pork is a piece that has been cut to include one of the animal’s ribs.
   …a rib of beef.
   牛排
   …pork ribs in sweet sauce.
   带甜酱的猪排
3. N-UNCOUNT 罗纹针织法 Rib is a method of knitting that makes a raised pattern of parallel lines. You use rib, for example, round the edge of sweaters so that the material can stretch without losing its shape.
4. VERB （友善地）开…的玩笑，逗弄，取笑 If you rib someone about something, you tease them about it in a friendly way.
   The guys in my local pub used to rib me about drinking ‘girly’ drinks.
   我家当地酒馆里的人以前总是取笑我喝“女人”饮料。

Question 13

ri·bo·some noun \ˈrī-bə-ˌsōm\

Answer 13

n.<生化>核糖体

— ri·bo·som·al \ˌrī-bə-ˈsō-məl\ adjective

Question 14

right angle

Answer 14

1. N-COUNT 直角 A right angle is an angle of ninety degrees. A square has four right angles.
2. PHRASE （与…）成直角；(与…)垂直 If two things are at right angles, they are situated so that they form an angle of 90˚ where they touch each other. You can also say that one thing is at right angles to another.
   …two lasers at right angles.
   两束成直角的激光

Question 15

rig·or·ous adj \ˈri-g(ə-)rəs\

Answer 15

1. ADJ-GRADED (测试、系统或程序)严格的，严密的，缜密的 A test, system, or procedure that is rigorous is very thorough and strict.
   The selection process is based on rigorous tests of competence and experience.
   选拔过程是基于对能力和经验的严格测试。
   …a rigorous system of blood analysis.
   缜密的血液分析系统
   rigorously: …rigorously conducted research.严格进行的研究
2. ADJ-GRADED 一丝不苟的;严格的;谨慎的 If someone is rigorous in the way that they do something, they are very careful and thorough.
   He is rigorous in his control of expenditure.
   他对支出控制得非常严格。

— rig·or·ous·ly adverb
— rig·or·ous·ness noun

Question 16

rinse

verb

\ˈrin(t)s\

Answer 16

1. VERB 清洗;冲洗 When you rinse something, you wash it in clean water in order to remove dirt or soap from it.
   After shampooing, always rinse the hair several times in clear water…
   每次用完洗发剂后都要用清水将头发冲洗几次。
   It’s important to rinse the rice to remove the starch.
   一定要淘米以洗掉淀粉。
   Rinse is also a noun.
2. VERB 漱（口） If you rinse your mouth, you wash it by filling your mouth with water or with a liquid that kills germs, then spitting it out.
   Use a toothbrush on your tongue as well, and rinse your mouth frequently.
   舌头也要用牙刷清洁，并且经常漱口。
   Rinse out means the same as rinse .rinse out 同 rinse
   After her meal she invariably rinsed out her mouth…
   饭后她总是要漱口。
   Rinse is also a noun.
3. N-COUNT 染发剂 A hair rinse is a dye whose colour gradually disappears after you have washed your hair a number of times, rather than being permanent.

— rins·er noun

Question 17

ri·val·ry noun \ˈrī-vəl-rē\

Answer 17

1. N-VAR 竞争;敌对 Rivalry is competition or fighting between people, businesses, or organizations who are in the same area or want the same things.
   …the rivalry between the Inkatha and the ANC…
   英卡塔自由党和非洲国民大会之间的敌对
   He had a lot of rivalry with his brothers and sisters.
   他和兄弟姐妹间经常较劲。

Question 18

rob·in noun \ˈrä-bən\

Answer 18

1. N-COUNT 鸲;知更鸟 A robin is a small brown bird found in Europe. The male has an orangey-red neck and breast.
2. N-COUNT 鸫 A robin is a brown bird found in North America. The male has a reddish-brown breast. North American robins are larger than European ones, and are a completely different species of bird.
3. See also: round-robin
4. N-COUNT 循环赛 A round-robin is a sports competition in which each player or team plays against every other player or team.
   They beat England 4-1 in their last round-robin match at Nagoya in Japan.
   他们在日本名古屋的最后一场循环赛中以4比1战胜英格兰队。

Question 19

ro·bust adj \rō-ˈbəst\

Answer 19

1. ADJ-GRADED 强健的;健壮的;坚固的;结实的 Someone or something that is robust is very strong or healthy.
   More women than men go to the doctor. Perhaps men are more robust or worry less?…
   看医生的女性多于男性。也许男性更强壮或者顾虑要少一些？
   We’ve always specialised in making very robust, simply designed machinery.
   我们一直专注于制造极为结实耐用而且设计简单的机器。
   robustly: He became robustly healthy.他变得很健壮。
2. ADJ-GRADED (观点等)强烈的，坚定的，坚决的 Robust views or opinions are strongly held and forcefully expressed.
   A British Foreign Office minister has made a robust defence of the agreement…
   一位英国外交大臣坚决维护这个协议。
   He has the keen eye and robust approach needed.
   他具备了所需的敏锐的洞察力和坚定的行事态度。
   robustly: In the decisions we have to make about Europe, we have to defend our position very robustly indeed.在我们不得不做出的关于欧洲的决定中，我们确实必须非常坚决地维护我们的立场。

— ro·bust·ly adverb
— ro·bust·ness -ˈbəs(t)-nəs\ noun

Question 20

ro·dent noun \ˈrō-d^ənt\

Answer 20

1. N-COUNT 啮齿动物 Rodents are small mammals which have sharp front teeth. Rats, mice, and squirrels are rodents.

— rodent adjective

Question 21

roller coaster

Answer 21

过山车

Question 22

rough–hewn adj -ˈhyün\

Answer 22

1. ADJ-GRADED (木材)粗砍的;(石头)粗凿的;未打磨的 Rough-hewn wood or stone has been cut into a shape but has not yet been smoothed or finished off.
   It is a rough-hewn carving of a cat’s head.
   这是一个猫头雕像的毛坯。

Question 23

rub·ble noun \ˈrə-bəl\

Answer 23

1. N-UNCOUNT 碎石;碎砖;瓦砾 When a building is destroyed, the pieces of brick, stone, or other materials that remain are referred to as rubble .
   Thousands of bodies are still buried under the rubble…
   成千上万的尸体仍然被埋在碎石瓦砾下。
   Entire suburbs have been reduced to rubble.
   整个市郊都变成了一片废墟。
2. N-UNCOUNT (建房铺路用的)碎石，毛石 Rubble is used to refer to the small pieces of bricks and stones that are used as a bottom layer on which to build roads, paths, or houses.
   Brick rubble is useful as the base for paths and patios.
   碎砖石可以用来铺路基和庭院地基。

Question 24

ru·di·men·ta·ry adj \ˌrü-də-ˈmen-tə-rē\

Answer 24

1. ADJ-GRADED 基本的;简陋的;不完善的 Rudimentary things are very basic or simple and are therefore unsatisfactory.
   …a kind of rudimentary kitchen…
   略显简陋的厨房
   They are deprived of the ability to exercise the most rudimentary workers’ rights.
   他们被剥夺了行使最基本的工人权利的资格。
2. ADJ-GRADED (知识)基本的，初步的，粗浅的 Rudimentary knowledge includes only the simplest and most basic facts.
   He had only a rudimentary knowledge of French.
   他对法语只是略知皮毛。
   …a rudimentary grasp of economics.
   对经济学知识的初步掌握

— ru·di·men·tar·i·ly -ˌmen-ˈter-ə-lē\ adverb
— ru·di·men·ta·ri·ness -ˈmen-tə-rē-nəs\ noun

Question 25

rule of thumb

Answer 25

n.凭感觉的方法； 单凭经验的方法； 经验法则； 拇指规则

Question 26

run·ner noun \ˈrə-nər\

Answer 26

N-COUNT (植物的)长匐茎，纤匐枝 On a plant, runners are long shoots that grow from the main stem and put down roots to form a new plant.
…strawberry runners.
草莓长匐茎

Question 27

rup·ture noun \ˈrəp(t)-shər\

Answer 27

1. N-COUNT (体内组织的)破裂;(尤指)脱肠，疝气 A rupture is a severe injury in which an internal part of your body tears or bursts open, especially the part between the bowels and the abdomen.
2. V-ERG (使)(体内组织)破裂，爆裂 If a person or animal ruptures a part of their body or if it ruptures, it tears or bursts open.
   His stomach might rupture from all the acid…
   他的胃可能因为这些酸液而穿孔。
   Whilst playing badminton, I ruptured my Achilles tendon.
   打羽毛球时，我的跟腱撕裂了。
3. VERB 使（器官）破裂;形成疝;患脱肠 If you rupture yourself, you rupture a part of your body, usually because you have lifted something heavy.
   He ruptured himself playing football.
   他踢足球引发了疝气。
4. V-ERG (使)破裂;(使)爆裂 If an object ruptures or if something ruptures it, it bursts open.
   Certain truck gasoline tanks can rupture and burn in a collision…
   某些卡车的油箱在碰撞时可能发生爆裂并起火。
   Sloshing liquids can rupture the walls of their containers.
   晃动液体可以使容器壁破裂。
5. N-COUNT (关系的)裂痕，破裂，断绝 If there is a rupture between people, relations between them get much worse or end completely.
   The incidents have not yet caused a major rupture in the political ties between countries.
   这些事件目前尚未造成国家之间政治关系的严重破裂。
   …a rupture of the family unit.
   家庭关系的破裂
6. VERB 使(关系)破裂;使(关系)恶化;使(关系)断绝 If someone or something ruptures relations between people, they damage them, causing them to become worse or to end.
   The incident ruptures a recent and fragile ceasefire.
   这次事件使最近达成的不堪一击的停火协议破裂。

Question 28

sab·o·tage noun \ˈsa-bə-ˌtäzh\

Answer 28

1. VERB 蓄意破坏，阴谋摧毁(机器、铁路、桥梁) If a machine, railway line, or bridge is sabotaged, it is deliberately damaged or destroyed, for example in a war or as a protest.
   The main pipeline supplying water was sabotaged by rebels.
   供水主管道被叛乱分子蓄意破坏了。
   Sabotage is also a noun.
   The bombing was a spectacular act of sabotage.
   这场轰炸是一次大规模的蓄意破坏行为。
2. VERB 阻挠,妨碍,暗中破坏(计划的实施或会议的进行) If someone sabotages a plan or a meeting, they deliberately prevent it from being successful.
   He accused the opposition of trying to sabotage the election…
   他谴责反对派企图阻挠选举的进行。
   My ex-wife deliberately sabotages my access to the children.
   我的前妻故意不让我与孩子们接触。

Question 29

sa·cral·i·za·tion noun \ˌsa-krə-lə-ˈzā-shən\

Answer 29

n. 神圣(化)

sa·cral·ize verb \ˈsa-krə-ˌlīz\

<sacralizing the cohabitation of a man and a woman by means of the marriage ceremony>

Question 30

sal·able adj \ˈsā-lə-bəl\

Answer 30

adj.适于销售的，价格适当的，畅销的

— sal·abil·i·ty \ˌsā-lə-ˈbi-lə-tē\ noun

We’ll have to repaint the house for it to be salable.

<an item that would be too expensive to produce, and attractive to too few people, to ever be considered a salable commodity>

Question 31

sa·lience noun \ˈsā-lyən(t)s\

Answer 31

n.突出，特点

Question 32

sa·li·va noun \sə-ˈlī-və\

Answer 32

1. N-UNCOUNT 唾液;口水;涎 Saliva is the watery liquid that forms in your mouth and helps you to chew and digest food.

<our mouths filled with saliva when we smelled the delicious dinner>

Question 33

sam·u·rai noun \ˈsa-mə-ˌrī\

Answer 33

1. N-COUNT (旧时日本的)武士阶层，武士 In former times, a samurai was a member of a powerful class of fighters in Japan.

Question 34

sanc·tion noun \ˈsaŋ(k)-shən\

Answer 34

1. VERB (正式)认可，准许，批准 If someone in authority sanctions an action or practice, they officially approve of it and allow it to be done.
   He may now be ready to sanction the use of force…
   他现在可能打算批准使用武力。
   He seemed to be preparing to sanction an increase in public borrowing.
   他似乎正准备批准增加公共贷款。
   Sanction is also a noun.
2. N-PLURAL (对某国的)制裁 Sanctions are measures taken by countries to restrict trade and official contact with a country that has broken international law.
   In 1935 the League of Nations imposed sanctions against Italy following its invasion of Ethiopia.
   1935 年国际联盟在意大利入侵埃塞俄比亚之后对其实施了制裁。
   He expressed his opposition to the lifting of sanctions.
   他对解除制裁表示反对。
3. N-COUNT 处罚;制裁;惩罚 A sanction is a severe course of action which is intended to make people obey instructions, customs, or laws.
   As an ultimate sanction, they can sell their shares.
   作为最高的处罚，他们可以出售他们的股份。
4. VERB 对…实施制裁;处罚 If a country or an authority sanctions another country or a person for doing something, it declares that the country or person is guilty of doing it and imposes sanctions on them.
   …their failure to sanction Japan for butchering whales in violation of international conservation treaties.
   对日本违反国际保护条约残杀鲸鱼的行为他们未能进行制裁

Question 35

sanc·tu·ary noun \ˈsaŋ(k)-chə-ˌwer-ē\

Answer 35

1. N-COUNT 避难所;庇护所;躲避处 A sanctuary is a place where people who are in danger from other people can go to be safe.
   His church became a sanctuary for thousands of people who fled the civil war.
   他的教堂成为成千上万逃离内战的人们的避难所。
2. N-UNCOUNT 避难;庇护 Sanctuary is the safety provided in a sanctuary.
   Some of them have sought sanctuary in the church.
   他们中的一些人在教堂避难。
3. N-COUNT 禁猎区;鸟兽保护区 A sanctuary is a place where birds or animals are protected and allowed to live freely.
   …a bird sanctuary.
   鸟类禁猎区
   …a wildlife sanctuary.
   野生动物禁猎区

Question 36

sand·wich

noun

\ˈsan(d)-ˌwich\

Answer 36

1. N-COUNT 三明治;夹心面包片 A sandwich usually consists of two slices of bread with a layer of food such as cheese or meat between them.
   …a ham sandwich.
   火腿三明治
2. VERB 夹裹;在…中夹入;把…夹入 If you sandwich two things together with something else, you put that other thing between them. If you sandwich one thing between two other things, you put it between them.
   Sandwich the two halves of the sponge together with cream…
   在两半儿海绵蛋糕中间夹入奶油。
   When you write, avoid sandwiching the bad news between an irrelevant, indirect, or overly cushioned beginning and end.
   在写文章时，不要把坏消息夹在毫不相关、拐弯抹角或过度铺垫的开头和结尾中间。

Question 37

san·i·tar·i·um noun \ˌsa-nə-ˈter-ē-əm\

Answer 37

n.<美>疗养院

Question 38

san·i·tary adj \ˈsa-nə-ˌter-ē\

Answer 38

1. ADJ (有关)卫生的，环境卫生的，公共卫生的 Sanitary means concerned with keeping things clean and healthy, especially by providing a sewage system and a clean water supply.
   Sanitary conditions are appalling…
   卫生条件之差令人震惊。
   The vast majority live in tin shacks without electricity, clean water or sanitary facilities.
   大多数人生活在简陋的铁皮屋子里，没有电，没有干净的水，也没有卫生设施。
2. ADJ-GRADED (地方)卫生的,干净的 If you say that a place is not sanitary, you mean that it is not very clean.
   It’s not the most sanitary place one could swim.
   这个游泳的地方不大卫生。

— san·i·tar·i·ly \ˌsa-nə-ˈter-ə-lē\ adverb

Question 39

sap noun \ˈsap\

Answer 39

1. VERB 消耗(精力);削弱(信心) If something saps your strength or confidence, it gradually weakens or destroys it.
   I was afraid the sickness had sapped my strength…
   我担心患病已让我元气大伤。
   Analysts say the recession in Japan has sapped investor confidence.
   分析家称日本的经济衰退已经打击了投资者的信心。
2. N-UNCOUNT (植物的)液，汁 Sap is the watery liquid in plants and trees.
   The leaves, bark and sap are also common ingredients of local herbal remedies.
   树叶、树皮和树汁也是当地草药的常用药材。
3. N-COUNT 笨蛋;傻瓜 If you describe someone as a sap, you think they are foolish.
   …her poor sap of a husband.
   她可怜的傻瓜丈夫

— sap·less \ˈsa-pləs\ adjective
— sap·less·ness -nəs\ noun

Question 40

sat·u·rate verb \ˈsa-chə-ˌrāt\

Answer 40

1. VERB 使充满;使饱和 If people or things saturate a place or object, they fill it completely so that no more can be added.
   In the last days before the vote, both sides are saturating the airwaves…
   选举前最后几天，竞选双方占用了所有的广播电台和电视台。
   As the market was saturated with goods and the economy became more balanced, inflation went down.
   随着市场上商品饱和，经济趋于平衡，通货膨胀就减弱了。
   saturated: As the domestic market becomes saturated, firms begin to export the product.由于国内市场饱和，各公司开始外销。
2. VERB 浸透;渗透;使湿透 If someone or something is saturated, they become extremely wet.
   If the filter has been saturated with motor oil, it should be discarded and replaced.
   过滤器如果已被机油浸透，则应丢弃并换上新的。
   saturated: His work clothes, having become saturated with oil, had to be cleaned.他的工作服已经被油浸透，该洗洗了。

— sat·u·ra·tor -ˌrā-tər\ noun

Question 41

scalene \ˈskā-ˌlēn\ triangle

Answer 41

不等边三角形

sca·lene adj \ˈskā-ˌlēn\

.(指三角形)不等边的； 斜角肌(的)

Question 42

scape·goat noun \ˈskāp-ˌgōt\

Answer 42

1. N-COUNT 替罪羊;代人受过者 If you say that someone is made a scapegoat for something bad that has happened, you mean that people blame them and may punish them for it although it may not be their fault.
   I don’t deserve to be made the scapegoat for a couple of bad results.
   我不应该为一些不好的结果顶罪。
2. VERB 使代人受过;把…当替罪羊 To scapegoat someone means to blame them publicly for something bad that has happened, even though it was not their fault.
   Ethnic minorities are continually scapegoated for the lack of jobs.
   工作机会少常常会怪到少数民族头上。
   scapegoating: The teachers are fair and avoid favouritism and scapegoating.教师们很公正，杜绝偏袒和乱扣帽子。

Question 43

scar·ci·ty noun \ˈsker-sə-tē\

Answer 43

1. N-VAR 缺乏;不足;稀少 If there is a scarcity of something, there is not enough of it for the people who need it or want it.
   …an ever increasing scarcity of water.
   水资源的日益匮乏

Question 44

scat·ter verb \ˈska-tər\

Answer 44

1. VERB 撒;撒播;撒于…上 If you scatter things over an area, you throw or drop them so that they spread all over the area.
   She tore the rose apart and scattered the petals over the grave…
   她掰开玫瑰花，将花瓣撒在坟墓上。
   They’ve been scattering toys everywhere…
   他们总是把玩具扔得到处都是。
2. V-ERG (使)(人群)分散;(使)散布在各处;(使)散开 If a group of people scatter or if you scatter them, they suddenly separate and move in different directions.
   After dinner, everyone scattered…
   用餐后，大家各奔东西。
   The cavalry scattered them and chased them off the field.
   骑兵驱散了他们并把他们逐出了战场。
3. N-SING (散放的)摊，堆 A scatter of things is a number of them spread over an area in an irregular way.
   On the table was a pile of books and a scatter of papers.
   桌子上放着一摞书和零落的几份报纸。

— scat·ter·er -tər-ər\ noun

Question 45

sce·nar·io

noun

\sə-ˈner-ē-ˌō\

Answer 45

1. N-COUNT 设想;可能发生的情况 If you talk about a likely or possible scenario, you are talking about the way in which a situation may develop.
   …the nightmare scenario of a divided and irrelevant Royal Family…
   对于王室四分五裂、无足轻重的可怕设想
   In the worst-case scenario, you could become a homeless person…
   最坏的情况是你可能会无家可归。
2. N-COUNT (电影的)剧情梗概 The scenario of a film is a piece of writing that gives an outline of the story.

Question 46

schis·to·so·mi·a·sis noun \ˌshis-tə-sō-ˈmī-ə-səs\

Answer 46

n.<医>血吸虫病

Question 47

schizo·phre·nia noun \ˌskit-sə-ˈfrē-nē-ə\

Answer 47

1. N-UNCOUNT 精神分裂症 Schizophrenia is a serious mental illness. People who suffer from it are unable to relate their thoughts and feelings to what is happening around them and often withdraw from society.

— schizo·phren·ic -ˈfre-nik\ adjective or noun
— schizo·phren·i·cal·ly -ni-k(ə-)lē\ adverb

Question 48

scin·til·late verb \ˈsin-tə-ˌlāt\

Answer 48

vi. (言谈举止中)焕发才智； 谈笑洒脱； 闪耀； 闪烁
vt. 发(出)(火花等)

— scin·til·la·tor -ˌlā-tər\ noun

<we watched contentedly as our campfire scintillated in the darkness>

<the diamond ring scintillated in the sunlight>

Question 49

scorch verb \ˈskȯrch\

Answer 49

1. VERB (轻微地)烫坏，烧糊，烧焦 To scorch something means to burn it slightly.
   The bomb scorched the side of the building.
   炸弹烧焦了建筑物的一侧。
   scorched: …scorched black earth.烧焦的黑土
2. V-ERG (因过热或化学品的作用)(使)变色,(使)留有标记 If something scorches or is scorched, it becomes marked or changes colour because it is affected by too much heat or by a chemical.
   The leaves are inclined to scorch in hot sunshine…
   叶子在酷热的阳光下容易枯黄。
   If any of the spray goes onto the lawn it will scorch the grass.
   这种喷雾剂向草坪上轻轻一喷，就会使草枯黄。
   scorched: …the lamp with its scorched plastic shade.塑料灯罩已被烤褪色的台灯
3. VERB 疾驰;飞奔 If you scorch round a place, you move round it very quickly, either in a car or on foot.
   Many people dream of scorching round a racetrack.
   许多人梦想能绕着跑道飞奔。

— scorch·ing·ly \ˈskȯr-chiŋ-lē\ adverb

Question 50

scour verb \ˈskau̇(-ə)r\

Answer 50

1. VERB 四处搜索;细查 If you scour something such as a place or a book, you make a thorough search of it to try to find what you are looking for.
   Rescue crews had scoured an area of 30 square miles…
   救援人员已经搜遍了30平方英里的范围。
   We scoured the telephone directory for clues.
   我们仔细查阅电话簿以寻找线索。
2. VERB 擦净;擦亮 If you scour something such as a sink, floor, or pan, you clean its surface by rubbing it hard with something rough.
   He decided to scour the sink.
   他决定把水池擦干净。

— scour·er noun