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Religious Education > Good and Evil > Flashcards

Good and Evil Flashcards

1
Q

what does utilitarianism mean

A

the belief that a good act is one that brings the greatest good for the greatest number

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2
Q

what did Volitaire state

A

“it is better to risk saving a guilty person than condemn an innocent one”

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3
Q

what was volitaire

A

a Deist

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4
Q

what is restorative justice

A

justice that enables the criminals to make amends for their behaviour by meeting the victim and apologising

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5
Q

what is justice

A

fairness ; where everyone has equal provisions and opportunity

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6
Q

what do christians believe about JUSTICE

A

-they’re a religion of forgiveness
-don’t support the ideas of retribution as a punishment
- believe in restorative justice
- should follow Jesus who forgave those who betrayed him

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7
Q

what do Muslims believe about JUSTICE

A
  • punishment is seen as central to justice and keeps people from straying from what is Just
  • believe in the shari’ah law which means ‘straight path’
  • shari’ah is used to deter and protect
  • they hope offenders will repent, reform and seek forgiveness
  • believe in forgiveness but it is more important to protect society
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8
Q

what is a prison chaplain

A

a person whose role it is to meet the religious needs of a prisoner

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9
Q

what is a parole officer

A

helps prisoners on their release and their return to society

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10
Q

what is a prison chaplains job

A
  • introduce themselves to new prisoners - induction programme
  • deal with major events in the prisoners life
  • make sure they’re available at lunch times so prisoners can go to them if needed
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11
Q

what are some arguments FOR the death penalty

A
  • life terms are expensive (£40,000 a year)
  • only way to protect society
  • life sentences only amount to 15 years in Britain
  • only way victims can get closure
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12
Q

what are some arguments AGAINST the death penalty

A
  • innocent people being executed
  • only God has the right to end a life
  • doesn’t deter murders
  • 2 wrongs don’t make a right
  • forgiveness is important
  • death penalty is just a state sanctioned murder
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13
Q

what do liberal christians believe about the death penalty

A
  • only God has the right to take a life
  • ‘thou shall not kill’
    follow the teachings of Jesus to be compassionate and forgiving
  • ‘turn the other cheek’
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14
Q

what do conservative christians believe about the death penalty

A
  • advocate it because of the teaching ‘an eye for an eye’
  • believe ‘thou shall not kill’ shows murder is wrong and so, the death penalty should be carried out
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15
Q

what do Muslims believe about the death penalty

A

-you can forgive someone
- ‘an eye for an eye’
- you can get ‘blood money’ which repents for what the criminal did - worth half a million pounds or 100 camels

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16
Q

what is forgiveness

A

the act of pardoning a wrongdoing

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17
Q

what 2 kinds of forgiveness do muslims believe in

A

gods forgiveness
humans forgiveness

18
Q

what do Christians believe about forgiveness

A
  • catholics God forgives their sins if they confess them and acts of atonement
  • Jesus told his disciples that they should forgive people ‘not 7 times but 70 times 7’
  • Jesus said (cruxifiction) ‘father forgive them for they know not what they do’
  • evangelical - comes through faith Christ and his Atonement on the cross
19
Q

what do Muslims believe about forgiveness

A
  • humans need both God’s forgiveness and other humans forgiveness
  • according to the Qur’an, there is no limit to God’s forgiveness
  • ’ He pardons much’
  • Muhammad helped a woman who had fallen sick even though she had repeatedly pushed dust in his direction
20
Q

what is good

A

considered morally right, beneficial and to our advantage

21
Q

what is evil

A

something that is considered extremely immoral, wicked and wrong

22
Q

what is suffering

A

pain or distress, caused by injury, illness or loss

23
Q

what do Christians believe about good

A
  • God made the earth and ‘it was good’
    -people were given the choice to do good and bad
  • God has shown people how they should live a good life through behaviour followed in the bible
24
Q

what do Muslims believe about good

A
  • everyone is born with a natural instinct to be able to choose between good and evil (fitrah)
  • all humans have free will
  • God will judge each person individually
  • the Qur’an and Muhammad outlined the qualities required for good
25
Q

why do Christians believe we suffer

A
  • life is a test, makes people suffer to see their faith
  • life is soul making
  • original sin
  • makes us understand Jesus
26
Q

why do Muslims believe we suffer

A
  • Al-Qadr means hardship and suffering is part of God’s plab for humanity
  • life is a test (good and bad deeds written down by angels)
  • good can come from suffering and evil - greater good when we resist temptation
  • Muhammad suffered so we should to feel how he felt
27
Q

what is soul making

A

God allows evil to exist because suffering through evil is necessary for individuals to develop moral souls

28
Q

what did St Iranaeus believe

A

humans were not created perfectly, we require spiritual growth to become perfect and moral
interfering with human would mean interfering with free will

29
Q

how is John Hick’s belief different to this

A

It is within God’s plan which we can never truly understand

30
Q

how do Catholics respond to suffering and evil

A
  • seek to choose to do good things and confess for bad things they have done
  • try to understand God better through Jesus Christ
31
Q

how do Liberal Christians respond to suffering and evil

A
  • try to show agape to all people
  • although God has a plan for everyone, we can help those that are suffering
32
Q

how do Sunni’s respond to suffering and evil

A

-believe God has a ‘preserved tablet’ stating what will happen
-we can’t always understand natural evil but we need to help people
- we have free will but choose to follow Muhammad’s path of good

33
Q

how do shi’as respond to suffering and evil

A
  • don’t believe in predestination and God’s plan changes all the time
  • we have the power to respond to suffering in a positive way
34
Q

how do humanists respond to suffering and evil

A
  • it isn’t a punishment, test or part of a divine plan
  • lots of evils are caused by greed and war
  • some evils just happen as that’s the way the world is
  • up to humans to fight evil and suffering
35
Q

what is fate

A

the idea that the outcome is predetermined or unchangeable

36
Q

what is predestination

A

the belief that all events have been willed by God

37
Q

what is free will

A

the belief that humans have free choices in life and God doesn’t get involved

38
Q

what do Methodists believe about free will

A
  • everyone has free will
  • methodists believe God is omnipotent but gives us the ability to choose
39
Q

what do Lutherans believe about free will

A
  • everyone has it
  • humans can choose and act in regard to everything except for the choice of salvation
40
Q

what do Catholics believe about free will

A
  • it exists but it exists alongside grace
41
Q

what do Muslims believe about free will

A
  • everyone has it
  • Allah knows the outcome
  • free will helps people learn from their mistakes
  • people will be Judges on how they used their free will

Religious Education (6 decks)

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