Gout Flashcards
(26 cards)
What is Gout?
Inflammatory arthritis caused by the accuulation of uric acid in the body causing pain and swelling
What is Primary Gout caused by?
Who does Primary Gout affect?
caused by a hereditary defect in purine metabolism causing overproduction/underexcretion of uric acid.
- Men: 40 - 50 year olds
- Women: Post-menopause
What is Secondary Gout caused by? Proide examples of causes
Who does Secondary Gout affect?
Caused by disease or drugs that interfere with uric acid production/excretion.
- Ex: Chemotherapy, Chronic Alcohol Use, Leukemia, Renal Insufficiency, Heart Failure
- Affect anyone at any age
Describe the fllowing:
Acute Gout
(Description, Treatment, Drug)
Description:
- sudden attacks of joint pain and inflammation
Treatment:
- reduce pain and inflammation specifically for uric acid crystals
Drug:
- Colchicine
Describe the fllowing:
Chronic Gout
(Description, Treatment, Drug)
Description:
- persistent joint pain and inflammation with tophi (uric acid deposits) crystals
Treatment:
- Decreases uric acid production in the body
Drug:
- Allopurinol
What is the therapeutic class of Allopurinol?
Therapeutic Class:
- Anti-gout
What is the pharmacologic class of Allopurinol?
Pharmacologic Class:
- Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitor
What is the MOA of Allopurinol?
MOA:
- Inhibits xanthine oxidase, which is repsonsible for converting xanthine into uric acid
- Inhibits the formation of uric acid
What are the Indications of Allopurinol?
- Chronic Gout
- Tophi (deposit of crystalized uric acid)
- Kidney Stones
What are the Therapeutic Effects of Allopurinol?
- Reduces prodcution of uric acid:
-> manage hyperuremia
-> pvt chronic gout attacks - Reduces Tophi
What are Side Effects of Allopurinol?
DR. Ho Nam
Side Effects:
- Drowsiness
- Rash
- Headache
- Nausea/Diarrhea
What are Adverse Effects of Allopurinol?
Be SHocKed
Adverse Effects:
- Bone Marrow Depression
- Severe Skin Reaction
- Hepatotoxicity
- Kidney Failure
What are Contraindications for Allopurinol?
- Purine-rich foods
- Renal Impairment
- Liver Disease
A patient was prescribed Allopurinol. What should the nurse monitor for this patient?
- Monitor for rash
- Monitor BUN, Creatinine, AST/ALT
-> regular lab checks for uric acid levels
A patient has just been prescribed Allopurinol. What dietary education should the nurse teach the patient to do before taking the medication?
- Administer medication with food or milk
-> pvt GI Upset
Josh was recently prescribed Allopurinol. He is an avid foodie but is often dehydrated. What dietary education should the nurse provide?
- Promote hydration to help excrete uric acid
- Encourage low-purine diet
What purine-rich foods should Josh avoid to be on a low-purine diet?
- Shellfish/Fish
- Organ Meat
- Legumes
- Mushrooms
- Oatmeal
- Alcohol
What is the Therapeutic Class of Colchicine?
Therapeutic Class:
- Anti-gout
What is the Pharmacologic Class of Colchicine?
Pharmacologic Class:
- Colchicum Alkaloid Derivative
What is the MOA of Colchicine?
MOA:
- Inhibits microtubule polymerization
- Reduces Neutrophil migration to joing
- Decreases inflammation
What is the Indication for Colchicine?
- Acute Gout Attacks
What are Side Effects of Colchicine?
DR. Ho Nam
Side Effects:
- Drowsiness
- Rash
- Headache
- Nausea/Diarrhea
What are Adverse Effects of Colchicine?
Be SHocKed
Adverse Effects:
- Bone Marrow Depression
- Severe Skin Reaction
- Hepatotoxicity
- Kidney Failure
A patient was prescribed Colchicine. What should the nurse monitor for this patient?
- Monitor for rash
- Monitor BUN, Creatinine, AST/ALT
-> regular lab checks for uric acid levels
