Government Defined : 8/10/15

Question 1

__________ is made up of the formal institutions and processes through which decisions are made for a group of people.

Answer 1

Government

Question 2

Governments consist of three main components: ______, ______, and ______.

Answer 2

People, powers, and policies.

Question 3

Government includes two types of people: 1. ______ ________ who have authority and control over others. 2. _______ ________ who carry out the day-to-day business of government.

Answer 3

Elected officials, public servant

Question 4

______ refers to the government’s authority and ability to get things done.

Answer 4

Power

Question 5

The people in government exercise three basic types of power: 1. _________ power- power to make laws. 2. _________ power- to carry out, enforce, and administer the law. 3. _______ power- to interpret the laws and to settle disputes between members of society.

Answer 5

Legislative, executive, judicial

Question 6

_______ is any decision made by government in pursuit of a particular goal.

Answer 6

Policy

Question 7

A ______ can take the form of a ___, a ___________ ______, or a set of ________ _____.

Answer 7

Policy, law, government program, government actions

Question 8

A _______ is a political unit with the power to make and enforce laws over a group of people living within a clearly defined territory.

Answer 8

State

Question 9

All states are characterized as having four traits: P______, t_______, g_______, and s________.

Answer 9

Population, territory, government, sovereignty

Question 10

You must have ______ to have a state, but the ___ does not determine whether or not a place is a state.

Answer 10

People, size

Question 11

_____, has fewer than ______ people and is one of the world’s smallest states.

Answer 11

Tuvalu, 12,000

Question 12

____ _______ in ____ has _ _____ people.

Answer 12

Henan Province, China, 1 billion

Question 13

States must have clearly defined and recognized ______.

Answer 13

Borders

Question 14

The ______ _______ is the world’s chief body for _________ _________.

Answer 14

United Nations, international cooperation

Question 15

All states are ________ ______.

Answer 15

Politically organized

Question 16

Every state is said to have _______ or the supreme power to act within its territory and to control its external affairs.

Answer 16

Sovereignty

Question 17

_________ includes ____________ from other states as well as the _______ to establish a form of government.

Answer 17

Sovereignty, independence, freedom

Question 18

Most states ____ the ________ power of their governments with a set of rules that restricts the lawful use of _____.

Answer 18

Limit, sovereign, power

Question 19

How does a state limit the sovereign power of their governments?

Answer 19

Constitution

Question 20

Our government serves five functions: 1. E_____ N____ S____ 2. M______ O_____ 3. R_____ C_____ 4. P______ S_____ 5. P______ for the P____ G____

Answer 20

1. Ensure National Security 2. Maintain Order 3. Resolve Conflict 4. Provide Services 5. Provide for the Public Good

Question 21

______ is a process by which government makes and carries out decisions– is also about debating issues and policies.

Answer 21

Politics

Question 22

Another name for the _______ _____ is the ____ ____– the needs and interest of the people as a whole.

Answer 22

General welfare, public good

Question 23

There are three main theories of rule: D_____ r_____, n____ l__ and n_____ r____, and the s____ c______.

Answer 23

Divine right, natural law and natural rights, social contract

Question 24

The idea of ______ ____ is based on a system of rules derived from the natural world.

Answer 24

Natural law

Question 25

______ ___ is said to provide a just and rational order to all things in the world including _____ ______.

Answer 25

Natural law, human behavior

Question 26

All people, by virtue of their being human, possess _____ ______.

Answer 26

Natural rights

Question 27

The ______ _____ theory holds that the first governments formed as a result of people agreeing among themselves to submit to the authority of a state. Under this theory, a government is legitimate only so long as the parties to the agreement hand over their _____ to the state.

Answer 27

Social Contract, power

Question 28

Because of the state of nature is so _____, _____ reasons, humans decide to cooperate.

Answer 28

Violent, Hobbes

Question 29

_____ believed that in order to protect _____ ____ from government interference government ______ had to be limited, or subject to certain restrictions.

Answer 29

Locke, natural rights, power

Question 30

According to _______, humans lived _________ lives in the state of nature, but they were happy, good, and free.

Answer 30

Rousseau, independent

Question 31

_________ : 1. Ruled by a ______, usually a king or queen, who belongs to a royal family. 2. Power is _______. 3. Absolute monarchs have ________ _____.

Answer 31

Monarchy, monarch, inherited, unlimited power

Question 32

___________ ________ : 1. Based on the idea that there are _____ to the rightful _____ of a _______ over its ______. 2. Power of the monarch is limited by ___; the real power lies in another branch of ___________. 3. May ______ with other forms of government such as a ______________ _________. Prime minister has authority.

Answer 32

Constitutional monarchy, limits, power, government, citizens, law, government, coexist, representative democracy

Question 33

______ is an example of _______, any form of government in which a single individual-- an ________-- controls most governing decisions.

Answer 33

Monarchy, autocracy, autocrat

Question 34

__________ : 1. Single ______ or a ______ _____ holds absolute ________ and makes all decisions. 2. ______ and _____ used to maintain rule. 3. At its most extreme, the ______________ of a _________ becomes ___________.

Answer 34

Dictatorship, dictator, small group, authority, violence, force, authoritarianism, dictatorship, totalitarianism

Question 35

___________ ______ : 1. ______ holds ultimate ______. 2. _________ tightly controls all aspects of life-- ______, ______, and ______. 3. No formal or informal ____ on ________.

Answer 35

Totalitarian regimes, dictator, authority, government, political, social, economic, limits, government

Question 36

_______/_______ : 1. ______ _____ of people make most government decisions for their own _______. 2. __________ in the ruling group may be based on ______, ______, or ______ _____.

Answer 36

Oligarchy/aristocracy, small group, benefit, membership, wealth, family, military power

Question 37

Many ____________ are _______ _________, meaning that their laws and political institutions are independent of religion.

Answer 37

Dictatorships, secular governments

Question 38

_________ : 1. Rulers claim to represent and be directed by a set of religious ideas. 2. Laws are rooted in a particular _______ or ________ _____. 3. Government power is _______.

Answer 38

Theocracy, religion, religious doctrine, unlimited

Question 39

The term democracy means “___ __ __ _____.”

Answer 39

Rule by the people

Question 40

______ _______ : 1. Government by the ______; citizens are the ultimate source of government authority. 2. Citizens come together to discuss and pass laws and select leaders. 3. Works best in _____ _______.

Answer 40

Direct democracy, people, small communities

Question 41

_____ _______ works best in small communities, where people are able to meet face to face.

Answer 41

Direct democracy

Question 42

____________ _________ : 1. ______ form of democracy; citizens elect representatives to make government decisions on their behalf. 2. Representatives elected for set terms.

Answer 42

Representative democracy, indirect

Question 43

Most n_______ g___________ consist of a number of smaller a__________ units : _____, _____, _______.

Answer 43

National governments, administrative, states, cities, provinces

Question 44

In a ______ _____, ________, or ultimate authority, rests in a single, ______ government.

Answer 44

Unitary system, sovereignty, national

Question 45

In ______ ______, local levels of government may be active and important agencies of rule, but the ______ government has ultimate authority.

Answer 45

Unitary systems, national

Question 46

A _____ _____ of government divides power over people and territory between a national government and smaller, regional level of governments.

Answer 46

Federal system

Question 47

The _____ ______ today is largely an American invention that attempts to balance national power and states’ rights which is better known as _______.

Answer 47

Federal system, federalism

Question 48

The U.S. ______ _____ consists of two levels : 1. An o_______ n______ government. 2. __ _____ governments.

Answer 48

Federal system, overarching national, 50 state

Question 49

A significant feature of ________ ______ is that each level has the power to act ___________ of the other level.

Answer 49

American federalism, independently

Question 50

Many of the world’s governments are modeled after the ____________ ______ of the United States.

Answer 50

Presidential system

Question 51

A __________ ______ is distinguished by having a president that is elected by the people for a limited term of office.

Answer 51

Presidential system

Question 52

The _________ is in charge of the _________ branch of government.

Answer 52

President, executive

Question 53

A key feature and strength of a ___________ ______ is that the president’s powers are balanced by a ________, which is both popularly elected and independent of the president.

Answer 53

Presidential system, legislature

Question 54

In the US, the ________ may be ______ __ ____ of the armed forces, but only _______ can declare war.

Answer 54

President, commander in chief, Congress

Question 55

In a _____________ ______ the ________ branch and ________ branches of government are combined.

Answer 55

Parliamentary system, executive, legislative

Question 56

In place of a popularly elected president, parliamentary systems have a ______ ______.

Answer 56

Prime minister

Question 57

An elected legislature, called ______, chooses the prime minister.

Answer 57

Parliament

Question 58

The _____ _______ is not only a member of parliament, but he/she is also the leader of parliament’s _______ _____.

Answer 58

Prime minister, majority party

Question 59

Once selected, the prime minister appoints ______ ______ from the ranks of the majority party.

Answer 59

Cabinet member

Question 60

Should the prime minister ever lost support of the majority party through a ____ of __ _________ , he/she must resign immediately, as do the cabinet members.

Answer 60

Vote of no confidence

Question 61

_____ of __ _______-- a statement or vote which states that a person in a superior position--be it government, managerial, etc.-- is no longer deemed fit to hold that position.

Answer 61

Vote of no confidence

Question 62

_____ also refers to a person's freedom to exercise the rights guaranteed to all U.S. citizens under the Constitution.

Answer 62

Liberty

Question 63

_____ is the principle that all people possess a fundamental, moral worth that entitles them to fair treatment under the law and equal opportunity in all aspects in life-- political, social, and economics.

Answer 63

Equality

Question 64

Americans have held fast to the ideal of ___-_______, or the belief that ordinary people could aspire to rule themselves and do so as political equals.

Answer 64

Self-government

Question 65

A key to ___-________ is that people are the ultimate source of government authority.

Answer 65

Self-government

Question 66

A basic principle of democracy is that decisions are made by ______ ___.

Answer 66

Majority rule

Question 67

The ______ does and can become the majority!

Answer 67

Minority

Question 68

______ _____ are the political rights held by groups who make up less than half the population.

Answer 68

Minority rights

Question 69

Another key principle of American democracy is ________, the ability of two opposing groups to give up some of their demands and come to an agreement.

Answer 69

Compromise

Question 70

___ _____ allows for people and business to make their own economic choices about how to best produce, distribute, and exchange goods and services with limited interference from the government.

Answer 70

Free enterprise