Government Test 4

Question 1

The right of a court to review the ruling of a lower court.

Answer 1

Appellate jurisdiction

Question 2

Highest court in the United States.

Answer 2

Supreme Court

Question 3

Serves to remind the justices on the Supreme Court that differences of opinion do not preclude harmony of purpose.

Answer 3

Conference Handshake

Question 4

Marks the final stage of the Supreme Court’s decision-making process.

Answer 4

Opinion Day

Question 5

The armed citizenry.

Answer 5

The Militia

Question 6

A written statement issued by a judge which gives a law officer the legal right to search for a particular thing in a specific place.

Answer 6

A warrent

Question 7

Assembled to examine evidence to determined whether there is sufficient evidence against that accused to try a case.

Answer 7

Grand jury

Question 8

Assembled to hear a case in court and to issue a verdict.

Answer 8

Trial jury

Question 9

Material presented as proof at a trial.

Answer 9

Evidence

Question 10

States that evidence obtained illegally is not admissible in court.

Answer 10

Exclusionary Rule

Question 11

A request that a higher court review the case records and verdict of the lower court.

Answer 11

Appeal

Question 12

A lawyer’s written argument.

Answer 12

Brief

Question 13

Past decisions involving similar cases.

Answer 13

Precedent

Question 14

The idea that the Supreme Court should interpret and apply the Constitution according to the original understanding of those who wrote and ratified it.

Answer 14

Judicial Restraint

Question 15

The power to decide whether or not to hear a case.

Answer 15

Discretionary review

Question 16

The idea that the Supreme Court should go beyond the Constitution to change societal behavior.

Answer 16

Judicial Activism

Question 17

Courts created by Congress under the authority given to them by Article III.

Answer 17

Constitutional courts

Question 18

Word that refers to the right of a court to hear and decide a case.

Answer 18

Juristiction

Question 19

The professional interest group that has the most influence on the President and his choice of a federal judge.

Answer 19

American Bar Association

Question 20

The amount of justices that currently serve on the Supreme Court.

Answer 20

Nine

Question 21

The case asserted for the Supreme Court the right of judicial review.

Answer 21

Marbury v. Madison

Question 22

The chief justice that ruled in the Marbury v. Madison case.

Answer 22

John Marshall

Question 23

Term that describes a statement of an individual citizen’s legal privileges.

Answer 23

Bill of Rights

Question 24

The chief decision makers of the federal judiciary.

Answer 24

Judges

Question 25

Term that refers to an official examination of available evidence in a court of law.

Answer 25

Trial

Question 26

The most active of the federal judiciary courts.

Answer 26

United States District Courts

Question 27

Term that describes the right of the Supreme Court to declare a law, or an action based upon that law, unconstitutional.

Answer 27

Judicial review

Question 28

Term that refers to a petition for the Supreme Court to hear a case.

Answer 28

Writ of certiorari

Question 29

Kind of briefs that are filed by individuals who are not parties in a particular case but still have an interest in the case's outcome.

Answer 29

Amicus curiae

Question 30

Not a type of judicial opinion issued by the Supreme Court.

Answer 30

Appellate opinion

Question 31

Under this chief justice the Supreme Court adopted the philosophy of judicial activism.

Answer 31

Earl Warren

Question 32

Case regarding abortion that illustrated radical judicial activism.

Answer 32

Roe v. Wade

Question 33

Not part of the historical background for the Bill of Rights.

Answer 33

Judiciary Act of 1789

Question 34

Not guaranteed by the First Amendment.

Answer 34

Freedom of trial by jury

Question 35

Word that means to destroy a person's reputation by false writing.

Answer 35

Libel

Question 36

Law restricting the sale of handguns by requiring a waiting period for the purchase of a handgun.

Answer 36

Brady Law

Question 37

Special military court where members of the armed forces are tried.

Answer 37

Court-Martial

Question 38

Term that means a crime so serious that it is punishable by death.

Answer 38

Capital crime

Question 39

(Amendment) Guarantees the right to keep and bear arms.

Answer 39

Amendment 2

Question 40

(Amendment) Prohibits the quartering of soldiers in private homes.

Answer 40

Amendment 3

Question 41

(Amendment) A person will not be forced to testify against himself in court.

Answer 41

Amendment 5

Question 42

(Amendment) The right to "speedy and public trial."

Answer 42

Amendment 6

Question 43

(Amendment) Guarantees trial by jury in civil cases.

Answer 43

Amendment 7

Question 44

(Amendment) Prohibits excessive punishments.

Answer 44

Amendment 8

Question 45

(Amendment) Reserves the powers not delegated to the national government by the Constitution for the states and the people.

Answer 45

Amendment 10

Question 46

(Amendment) Deals with lawsuits filed against states in federal courts

Answer 46

Amendment 11

Question 47

(Amendment) Abolished slavery.

Answer 47

Amendment 13

Question 48

(Amendment) The source of federal civil rights legislation.

Answer 48

Amendment 14

Question 49

(Amendment) Prohibited alcoholic beverages.

Answer 49

Amendment 18

Question 50

(Amendment) Granted women the right to vote.

Answer 50

Amendment 19

Question 51

Essay: Explain the original meaning of the separation of church and state. Why is it important that Christianity not be barred from American law and government?

Answer 51

Separation of church and state originally meant that there should be no established religion, nor any legal or institutional ties between church and state. Religion and morality, especially Christianity, are essential to the survival of a free society and a federal republic. Freedoms, liberties, and rights must be set within the framework of a Christian moral order and of common cultural values derived from Christianity.

Question 52

(Amendment) guarantees freedom of religion, speech, assembly, and of the press.

Answer 52

Amendment 1

Question 53

(Amendment) Freedom from unreasonable searches and seizures

Answer 53

Amendment 4

Question 54

(Amendment) enumerated rights of the people.

Answer 54

Amendment 9

Question 55

(Amendment) granted former slaves the right to vote.

Answer 55

Amendment 15

Question 56

(Amendment) provided for a federal income tax.

Answer 56

Amendment 16

Question 57

(Amendment) provided for direct election of senators by voters.

Answer 57

Amendment 17

Question 57

(Amendment) "lame duck" amendment, moved the date that newly elected officeholders take position.

Answer 57

Amendment 20

Question 58

(Amendment) repeal of prohibition.

Answer 58

Amendment 21

Question 59

(Amendment) abolished poll taxes.

Answer 59

Amendment 24

Question 60

(Amendment) voting age moved to 18.

Answer 60

Amendment 26

Question 61

A test used in deciding an establishment case.

Answer 61

Lemon Test

Question 62

Three documents that form historical background to the Bill of Rights.

Answer 62

Massachusetts's Body of Liberties, English Bill of Rights, Virginia Declaration of Rights.

Question 63

Required citizens to pay a tax before the voted.

Answer 63

Poll Taxes

Question 64

The right of civil government to take over a person's land/private property for public use.

Answer 64

Eminent Domain

Question 65

A sum of money that a person accused of a crime deposits with a court in order to be temporarily released from jail.

Answer 65

Bail

Question 66

Allowed the executive branch to carry out prohibition.

Answer 66

Volstead Act

Question 67

Which group provided final support for the ratification of the constitution of Virginia?

Answer 67

Baptists

Question 68

The right of a court to be the first to hear and decide a case.

Answer 68

Original jurisdiction

Question 69

Created by Congress in 1891 to handle the backlog of cases presented before the Supreme Court.

Answer 69

Court of Appeals

Question 70

Abraham Lincoln, issued a war measure in 1863 to declare the slaves in the confederacy forever free.

Answer 70

Emancipation Proclamation

Question 71

A serious crime

Answer 71

Felony

Question 72

False speech.

Answer 72

Slander

Question 73

To say/write anything that would harm his country or advocate it's violent revolutionary overthrow.

Answer 73

Treason

Question 74

Three purposes of establishment clause.

Answer 74

To prevent having an established national religion/state church, to ensure freedom of religion, to permit individual states to deal with religious institutions.

Question 75

A single, official church to ensure national unity.

Answer 75

State Church

Question 76

Why did prohibition fail?

Answer 76

The law wasn't enforced and people broke the law.

Question 77

A court order for an individual to appear in court as a witness.

Answer 77

Summons