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Government > GOVT 2305 - Exam 3 > Flashcards

GOVT 2305 - Exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

1) In an effort to overcome the free-rider problem, noneconomic groups have
A) deliberately restricted the size of their membership.
B) joined up with economic groups.
C) convinced government to limit the distribution of public goods to those who have contributed to the group’s efforts.
D) used Internet resources and computer-assisted mailing lists to target potential donors.
E) adopted taxes for nonmembers.

A

D

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2
Q 
2)	The situation in which individuals are tempted not to contribute to a cause because they will get the benefits even if they do not participate is called the 
	A)   size factor.	
	B)   free-rider problem.
	C)   special-interest paradox.
	D)   disincentive factor.
	E)   zero-sum game.
A

B

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3
Q

3) One of the reasons voter turnout is lower in the United States than in western European countries is that
A) Americans pay less attention to politics.
B) U.S. registration laws place a greater burden on the individual.
C) the U.S. population is not as well educated.
D) Europeans must pay a huge fine if they fail to vote.
E) None of these answers are correct.

A

B

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4
Q

4) Democrats and Republicans have endured as the two major U.S. parties primarily due to

A)   the stability of their ideologies.	
B)   the lack of good third-party candidates.
C)   a high degree of party discipline.
D)   their ability to adapt to changing circumstances.
E)   None of these answers are correct.
A

D

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5
Q

5) Political parties serve to

A)   offer citizens a choice in the direction of their government.	
B)   allow a coalition of common interests join together for a political purpose.
C)   offer the public a choice between policies and leaders.
D)   bring numerous candidates for office under a common label.
E)   All these answers are correct.
A

E

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6
Q 
6)	An interest group like the National Rifle Association would be an example of a(n) 
	A)   philosophical interest group.	
	B)   ideological group.
	C)   professional group.
	D)   business group.
	E)   single-issue group.
A

E

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7
Q

7) About ________ of people who regularly listen to National Public Radio do not donate money to their local station.

	A)   10 percent	
	B)   30 percent
	C)   50 percent
	D)   70 percent
	E)   90 percent
A

E

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8
Q

8) Another name for an interest group is

	A)   pressure group.	
	B)   cabal.
	C)   political party.
	D)   coalition.
	E)   constituency.
A

A

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9
Q

9) Which of the following countries has had the highest estimated voter turnout in recent national elections?

	A)   Denmark	
	B)   Germany
	C)   United States
	D)   Belgium
	E)   France
A

D

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10
Q

10) States with the most restrictive voter registration laws also have

A)   the lowest rates of verified voter fraud.	
B)   turnout rates comparable to the national average.
C)   the highest rates of verified voter fraud.
D)   turnout rates well below the national average.
E)   the highest percentage of eligible voters registered.
A

D

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11
Q

11) The citizens of ________ have the largest number of organized interest groups at their disposal.

	A)   the United States	
	B)   Germany
	C)   Italy
	D)   France
	E)   Great Britain
A

A

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12
Q

12) What was especially unusual about the “Era of Good Feeling”?

A)   Political parties were banned.	
B)   President Monroe ran unopposed in 1820.
C)   Jefferson's faction adopted the label "Republican."
D)   The president and vice president were from competing parties.
E)   Federalists won the election of 1820.
A

B

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13
Q

13) The dominant labor interest group is

A)   the Teamsters Union.	
B)   United Auto Workers.
C)   the AFL-CIO.
D)   the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers.
E)   the Communication Workers of America.
A

C

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14
Q

14) The “motor voter” law

A)   was passed in 1993.	
B)   was supposed to make registration easier.
C)   requires state agencies to allow people to register when they apply for a driver's license.
D)   requires state agencies to allow people to register when they apply for public assistance.
E)   All these answers are correct.
A

E

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15
Q

15) The most fully organized interests are those that have which of the following as their primary purpose?

	A)   environmental protection	
	B)   economic activity
	C)   civil liberties
	D)   labor reform
	E)   reform of government
A

B

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16
Q

16) All of the following are characteristic of a party realignment EXCEPT

A)   the emergence of unusually powerful and divisive issues.	
B)   an enduring change in the parties' coalitions.
C)   an election in which voters shift their partisan support.
D)   a very close electoral result.
E)   an enduring change in the parties' policies.
A

D

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17
Q

17) The election of ________ was a realigning election.

	A)   1840	
	B)   1872
	C)   1932
	D)   1960
	E)   1976
A

C

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18
Q

18) In the 1830s, the Frenchman Alexis de Tocqueville wrote that the “principle of ________” was nowhere more evident than in America.

	A)   hard work	
	B)   the separation of church and state
	C)   association
	D)   citizenship
	E)   statesmanship
A

C

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19
Q

19) Women gained the right to vote

A)   with passage of the Bill of Rights.	
B)   shortly after the Civil War.
C)   early in the 20th century.
D)   with passage of the Voting Rights Act of 1965.
E)   during the era of Jacksonian democracy.
A

C

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20
Q

20) The air we breathe is an example of a

	A)   private good.	
	B)   negative externality.
	C)   material good.
	D)   mass-produced good.
	E)   collective good.
A

E

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21
Q

21) Which of the following organizations is NOT an example of a single-issue group?

	A)   Sierra Club	
	B)   National Rifle Association
	C)   a climate change group
	D)   a right-to-life group
	E)   American Conservative Union
A

E

22
Q

22) Scholars estimate that turnout would be roughly ________ percentage points higher in the United States if the U.S. had European-style registration.

	A)   2	
	B)   5
	C)   7
	D)   10
	E)   15
A

D

23
Q

23) Unlike other democracies, the United States

A)   holds elections for the lower house of the legislature every four years.	
B)   uses primaries to select political candidates.
C)   holds elections for its chief executive every six years.
D)   places the burden for voter registration on the government.
E)   penalizes eligible voters for failing to turn up and vote on Election Day.
A

B

24
Q

24) Voter registration in the United States

A)   was introduced as a means of keeping white males without property from voting.	
B)   began as a way of preventing voters from casting more than one ballot on Election Day.
C)   is the responsibility of the government, which adds legally qualified individuals automatically to the registration rolls.
D)   applies to voting in general elections but not in primary elections.
E)   has vastly increased voter turnout.
A

B

25
Q

25) A basic reason for the existence of so many interest groups in the United States is

A)   the American tradition of free association.	
B)   the extent of diverse interests in American society.
C)   America's federal system of government.
D)   the separation of powers in American government.
E)   All these answers are correct.
A

E

26
Q

26) Eighteen-, nineteen-, and twenty-year-old Americans were granted the right to vote by the passage of the ________ Amendment.

	A)   Fifteenth	
	B)   Nineteenth
	C)   Twenty-First
	D)   Twenty-Third
	E)   Twenty-Sixth
A

E

27
Q

27) What does it mean when the text suggests that parties are “linkage institutions”?

A)   They connect citizens with government.	
B)   They create coalitions of like-minded voters.
C)   They link interest groups with government through monetary donations.
D)   They link America's political past with it's present.
E)   They provide policy continuity so that voters can understand what is at stake from one election to the next.
A

A

28
Q

28) Why does the author think it possible that at some point in the future the Democratic Party will come to dominate U.S. elections?

A)   Young voters have remained loyal to the Democratic Party as they have aged.	
B)   Poor voters have remained loyal to the Democratic Party as they have prospered.
C)   Immigrant voters have remained loyal to the Democratic Party as they have gained citizenship.
D)   Young voters have remained loyal to the Democratic Party as they have become more educated.
E)   Black voters have remained loyal to the Democratic Party even as racism has disappeared.
A

A

29
Q

29) Economic groups have an advantage over noneconomic groups in part because

A)   they nearly always have larger memberships.	
B)   they are organized primarily for political purposes.
C)   they have better leadership.
D)   they have greater access to financial resources.
E)   their members are committed to their causes.
A

D

30
Q

30) In the past two decades, the level of turnout in presidential elections has averaged about

	A)   35 percent.	
	B)   45 percent.
	C)   60 percent.
	D)   65 percent.
	E)   75 percent.
A

C

31
Q

31) The most numerous economic groups are

	A)   labor groups.	
	B)   business groups.
	C)   professional groups.
	D)   occupational groups.
	E)   farm groups.
A

B

32
Q

32) Roughly how many American workers currently belong to unions?

	A)   one in two	
	B)   one in four
	C)   one in six
	D)   one in ten
	E)   None of these answers are correct.
A

D

33
Q

33) ________ elections tend to draw the largest percentage of voters in the U.S.

	A)   Primary	
	B)   Mayoral
	C)   Congressional
	D)   Gubernatorial
	E)   Presidential
A

E

34
Q

34) The first American political parties emerged from the conflict between

A)   slave states and free states.	
B)   the older eastern states and the newer western states.
C)   small farmers and states' rights advocates, and those favoring commercial and wealthy interests.
D)   business and labor.
E)   Protestants and Catholics.
A

C

35
Q

35) Political parties in the United States originated partly as a political feud between

	A)   Marshall and Adams.	
	B)   Adams and Jackson.
	C)   Lincoln and Douglas.
	D)   Cleveland and Bryan.
	E)   Hamilton and Jefferson.
A

E

36
Q

36) Some groups pursue collective goods. A collective good is one that

A)   cannot be selectively granted or denied to individuals; it belongs to all.	
B)   is provided by a public service organization.
C)   is secured by the president.
D)   is secured by Congress.
E)   None of these answers are correct.
A

A

37
Q

37) The Democratic Party’s long-time regional stronghold, “the Solid South,” stemmed from a realignment during which historical period?

	A)   Civil War era	
	B)   1890s
	C)   Great Depression
	D)   1980s
	E)   None of these answers are correct.
A

A

38
Q

38) In the United States,

A)   the federal government prevents states from forcing residents to register in advance of the election instead of on Election Day.	
B)   voter registration requirements have usually been set by the states.
C)   voter registration periods and locations are highly publicized by the states, but registration requirements prevent many from taking advantage of them.
D)   most states automatically register a person to vote when he or she acquires a driver's license.
E)   states with easier registration laws have shown no higher turnout rates than states with restrictive registration requirements.
A

B

39
Q

39) Which of the following is NOT an interest group function?

	A)   working to influence the courts	
	B)   addressing a broad and diverse range of public issues
	C)   working to influence policymakers
	D)   promoting public policies
	E)   working to influence legislators
A

B

40
Q

40) Abraham Lincoln was first elected in 1860 with ________ of the popular vote.

	A)   20 percent	
	B)   40 percent
	C)   50 percent
	D)   60 percent
	E)   80 percent
A

B

41
Q

41) ________ warned Americans of the “baneful effects” of factions (political parties) in his 1797 farewell address.

	A)   James Madison	
	B)   Thomas Jefferson
	C)   George Washington
	D)   Andrew Jackson
	E)   Abraham Lincoln
A

C

42
Q

42) Voter participation in the United States

A)   tends to be highest during midterm elections.	
B)   is lower than in nearly every other democracy.
C)   shows that the apathy of young citizens has worsened considerably since the early 1990s.
D)   has increased in all elections over the past two decades.
E)   has declined in all elections over the past two decades.
A

B

43
Q

43) Citizens’ interest groups are distinguished from economic interest groups by the fact that

A)   their leaders are elected by secret ballot among the group's members.	
B)   there is no material incentive for members in their pursuit of the group's goals.
C)   they do not lobby government officials directly, but rely instead on public service announcements to get their views across to society.
D)   they always pursue goals in which there is a high level of agreement among society members.
E)   All these answers are correct.
A

B

44
Q

44) Which of the following is true of political campaigns and party politics in the United States?

A)   The United States lacks minor parties.	
B)   National campaigns in the U.S. are candidate-centered, not party-centered.
C)   Party organizations at the local level are no longer major players in campaigns.
D)   Party organizations are less powerful than they used to be in part because of the rise of television advertising.
E)   In recent years, candidates of the major parties have moved toward the political center in order to attract more voters.
A

D

45
Q

45) ________ is associated with the Era of Good Feeling.

	A)   Abraham Lincoln	
	B)   Franklin D. Roosevelt
	C)   James Monroe
	D)   Andrew Jackson
	E)   George Washington
A

C

46
Q

46) The history of democratic government is virtually inseparable from the history of

	A)   high voter turnout.	
	B)   the separation of powers.
	C)   economic recessions.
	D)   protest movements.
	E)   political parties.
A

E

47
Q

47) A purposive incentive is defined as

A)   a goal of direct economic gain.	
B)   the satisfaction of contributing to a worthy goal or purpose.
C)   a goal benefiting a specific group.
D)   any common purpose that brings groups together.
E)   corporate profit.
A

B

48
Q

48) Literacy tests were used to

A)   disenfranchise African Americans in the South.	
B)   finance election campaigns.
C)   ensure that women voted with their husbands, who legally controlled the money in a marriage.
D)   ensure that the people who voted would take the vote seriously.
E)   help subsidize public education in the North.
A

A

49
Q

49) In the United States, the primary responsibility for registration of the individual voter rests with the

	A)   state and local governments.	
	B)   local courts.
	C)   employer.
	D)   individual.
	E)   federal government.
A

D

50
Q

50) The theory that society’s interests are most effectively represented through group action is

	A)   republicanism.	
	B)   constitutionalism.
	C)   elitist theory.
	D)   pluralist theory.
	E)   interest-group liberalism.
A

D

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