GP Early Years Flashcards
(52 cards)
Who is the breast cancer screening programme most often offered to in the UK?
Women aged 50 years of age and above who have reached menopause. (every three years)
Why would the BCG vaccine be given?
Travel to a country with a high TB rate
Parent / Grandparent born in a country with a high TB rate
TB in a relative or a close contact
Born or lived in a country with a high TB rate
When assessing a patients pain, what should you ask about?
SOCRATES Site Onset Character Radiation Associating Symptoms Time/Duration Exacerbators and Relieving Factors Severity
Which immunisations are given to a baby at 8 weeks (7)?
DTaP/IPV/Hib/HepB (6 in one) and PCV and MenB and Rota Diphtheria, Tetanus, Acellular Pertussis [whooping cough], Inactivated polio vaccine, Haemophilus Influenzae b [Hib] vaccine, Hepatitis B vaccine Pneumococcal vaccine Meningococcal B vaccine Rotavirus vaccine
Which vaccine is given to girls in year 8?
HPV (human papillomavirus vaccine) (two doses at least 6 months apart)
Which cells initiate the acute bronchoconstriction response to allergens ?
Mast Cels
Which vaccination is most commonly associated with fever?
Meningococcal B
When should you consider referring individuals using a suspected cancer pathway referral (two week wait) with regard to breast cancer?
Consider a suspected cancer pathway referral(for an appointment within 2 weeks)
people:
- With skin changes that suggest breast cancer or
- Aged 30 and over with an unexplained lump in the axilla (new NICE recommendation
for 2015).
When you suspect leukaemia, how quickly should a full blood count be assessed?
Within 48 hours
What are the grades of breast cancer?
low grade (G1) – the cells, although abnormal, appear to be growing slowly medium grade (G2) – the cells look more abnormal than low-grade cells high grade (G3) – the cells look even more abnormal and are more likely to grow quickly
What is the atopic march?
When somebody is prone to getting allergic conditions such as atopic dermatitis, atopic rhinitis and asthma (genetic and environmental factors)
When should you definitely perform an urgent X-Ray on somebody that you suspect may have lung cancer?
Offer an urgent chest Xray (to be performed within 2 weeks) to assess for lung
cancer in people aged 40 and over if they have 2 or more of the following
unexplained symptoms,orif they have ever smoked and have 1 or more of the
following unexplained symptoms:
- cough
- fatigue
- shortness of breath
- chest pain
- weight loss
- appetite loss
What are the six basic Activities of Daily Living?
Bathing and showering
Personal hygiene and grooming (including brushing/combing/styling hair)
Dressing
Toilet hygiene (getting to the toilet, cleaning oneself, and getting back up)
Functional mobility, often referred to as “transferring”, as measured by the ability to walk, get in and out of bed, and get into and out of a chair; the broader definition (moving from one place to another while performing activities) is useful for people with different physical abilities who are still able to get around independently.
Self-feeding (not including cooking or chewing and swallowing)
Which class of T Cells are predominant in asthma?
Th2
Which Immunoglobulin responds to allergic reactions? What type of immune reaction is this?
IgE - Type 1
What are the teenage booster vaccines?
dT/IPV (low dose diphtheria, tetanus, inactivated polio vaccine)
MenACWY (meningococcal ACWY vaccine)
What does a long acting inhaler contain?
Used once or twice a day to stop
symptoms occurring.
Contain corticosteroids, which reduce inflammation and swelling of airways.
Don’t work straightaway, so must keep using a reliever to begin with.
What do the Barlow and Ortolani Tests check for?
In babies, these tests check for Congenital Dislocation of the hip or Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH) - Part of the 8 Week Baby Check
Which immunisations are given to a baby at 16 weeks (5)?
DTaP/IPV/Hib/HepB (6 in one)and PCV and MenB
Diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis [whooping
cough] - Part 3,
Inactivated polio vaccine - Part 3,
Haemophilus influenzae b [Hib] vaccine - part 3,
Hepatitis B vaccine and pneumococcal conjugate vaccine
Meningococcal B vaccine - part 2
Which immunisations are given to a baby at 12 weeks (5)?
DTaP/IPV/Hib/HepB (6 in one) and Rota
Diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis [whooping cough] - part 2,
Inactivated polio vaccine - part 2,
Haemophilus influenzae b [Hib] vaccine - part 2,
Hepatitis B vaccine - part 2
Rotavirus vaccine - part 2
How would the differential diagnosis of asthma be confirmed?
If FEV1 improves by 12% or more with a beta-2-agonist
Diurnal variation in peak flow readings also indicates asthma
What pathology could an absent red reflex indicate?
Congenital cataract, Retinoblastoma, Refractive Error
What are the various grades of T in the TNM scoring system?
Primary tumor (T)
TX: Main tumor cannot be measured.
T0: Main tumor cannot be found.
T1, T2, T3, T4: Refers to the size and/or extent of the main tumor. The higher the number after the T, the larger the tumor or the more it has grown into nearby tissues. T’s may be further divided to provide more detail, such as T3a and T3b.
What are the various grades of N in the TNM scoring system?
Regional lymph nodes (N)
NX: Cancer in nearby lymph nodes cannot be measured.
N0: There is no cancer in nearby lymph nodes.
N1, N2, N3: Refers to the number and location of lymph nodes that contain cancer. The higher the number after the N, the more lymph nodes that contain cancer.
