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Micro bacteria > Gram + Cocci > Flashcards

Gram + Cocci Flashcards

(51 cards)

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0
Q

Catalase -

A

Streptococcus

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1
Q

Catalase +

A

Staphylococci

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2
Q

Gram + cocci

A

Staphylococcus

Streptococcus

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3
Q

Gram +

A

Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Bacillus, Corynebacterium, Mycobacterium

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4
Q

Coagulase +

A

Staph aureus

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5
Q

Coagulase -

A

S. epidermidis

S. saprophyticus

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6
Q

Ferments mannitol

A

Staphylococcus

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7
Q

Staph transmission

A

Person to person
Airborn
Surgical wounds
Contaminated food: potato salad

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8
Q

Staph aureus virulence factors

A

Polysaccharide capsule
Slime layer
Clumping factor - fibrinogen

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9
Q

Staph aureus virulence immune system defense

A

Protein A
Enzymes: catalase, coagulase, hyaluronidase
Toxins: hemolysis
Transpeptidase

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10
Q

Staph aureus tissue invasion virulence

A

Hyaluronidase
Staphylokinase
Toxins: hemolysin, TSST, enterotoxin, exfoliative toxin

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11
Q

Superantigen

A

Exotoxins

Binds MHC-II

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12
Q

Staph aureus tissue diseases

A 
Skin infections
Septic arthritis
Acute endocarditis 
Osteomyelitis 
Meningitis
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13
Q

Staph aureus toxin mediated diseases

A

Gastroenteritis and food poisoning
Scalded skin syndrome
Toxic shock syndrome

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14
Q

Staph aureus treatment

A

Penicillin
Methicillin
Vancomycin - MRSA

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15
Q

Contaminated blood cultures and prosthetics

A

Staph epidermidis

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16
Q

Biofilms, slime layer, prosthetics

A

Staph epidermidis

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17
Q

Staph epidermidis treatment

A

Vancomycin

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18
Q

Leading cause of UTIs in newly sexually active females

A

Staph saprophyticus

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19
Q

Staph saprophyticus treatment

A

Penicillin

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20
Q

Staph agar cultures

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A

Sheep blood for hemolytic

Mannitol salt agar

21
Q

Mannitol salt agar

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A

Culture for staph

Mannitol fermenting = yellow

22
Q

Staph aureus color on mannitol salt agar

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A

Ferments mannitol = yellow

23
Q

Hemolytic patterns on blood agar

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A

Alpha - incomplete
Beta - complete
Gamma - none

24
Novobiocin testing
Distinguishes saprophyticus from epidermidis
25
Novobiocin sensitive
Staph epidermidis
26
Novobiocin resistant
Staph saprophyticus
27
Streptococcus species
Pyogenes Pneumonia Agalactiae Viridans
28
Streptococcus classification
Hemolytic patterns | Lancefield grouping
29
Group A strept
Streptococcus pyogenes
30
Group A strept virulence factors
Hyaluronic capsule F protein C5a peptidase M protein
31
Group A strept enzymes and toxins
Enzymes: streptolysin O, streptolysin S, streptokinase Toxins: Superantigens
32
Group A strept diseases
``` Pharyngitis Scarlet fever Necrotizing fasciitis Toxic shock syndrome Rheumatic fever Acute post streptococcal glomerulonephritis ```
33
Pharyngitis
Strept pyogenes Reddened sore throat, fever, headache Throat swab RAPID test
34
Rheumatic fever
Untreated streptococcus pharyngitis | Fever, rash, arthritis
35
Necrotizing fasciitis
Progresses rapidly and destroys fat and fascia Systemic shock Pathogensis from tissue invasion enzymes Penicillin
36
Strept pyogenes
Blood agar: beta hemolytic Sensitive to bacitracin PYR test
37
Group B strept
Streptococcus agalactiae
38
Virulence of group B strept
Polysaccharide capsule
39
Group B diagnosis
CAMP reaction Staph aureus + agalactiae = CAMP factor Visible hemolysis
40
Diplococci, catalase negative, alpha hemolytic, no lance field antigens
Strept pneumonia do
41
Transmission of strept pneumonia
Normal flora nasopharynx | Upper respiratory tract infections
42
Strept pneumonia virulence
Polysaccharide capsule IgA protease Pneumolysin
43
Pneumolysin
Cytotoxic creates pores in target cells
44
Rusty sputum
Streptococcus pneumonia
45
Pneumonia
Bacteria from nasopharynx aspirated deeper | Blood tinged rusty sputum
46
Strept pneumonia infections
Otitis media Sinusitis Meningitis Bacteremia
47
Strept pneumonia diagnosis
``` Gram stain Quellung reaction Optochin susceptibility Bile solubility Blood agar: alpha hemolysis ```
48
Quellung reaction
Strept pneumonia diagnosis | Refractiveness around bacteria = +
49
Strept pneumonia treatment
Penicillin
50
Viridans strept
Alpha hemolytic Prevalent in oral cavity Optichin resistant

Micro bacteria (5 decks)

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