Gram + Rods

Question 0

Bacillus

Answer 0

Gram positive
Spore forming
Aerobic

Question 1

Gram positive rods

Answer 1

Bacillus
Corynebacterium
Mycobacterium

Question 2

Bacillus anthracis virulence

Answer 2

Polypeptide capsule with poly D glutamic acid

Question 3

Bacillus anthracis toxins

Answer 3

PA - protective antigen
EA - edema factor
LF - lethal factor

Question 4

Bioterrorism and mailmen

Answer 4

Bacillus anthracis

Question 5

Bacillus anthracis transmission

Answer 5

Inoculation
Ingestion
Inhalation

Question 6

Wool sorters disease

Answer 6

Bacillus anthracis

Question 7

Virulence factors pXO1 and pXO2

Answer 7

Bacillus anthracis

Question 8

Bacillus anthracis pathogensis

Answer 8

PA - pokes membrane of cell
EF - edema, cAMP increase
LF - decreases MAPKs, necrosis of cell

Question 9

Anthrax

Answer 9

Cutaneous - eschar
Gastrointestinal
Pulmonary - widened mediastinum, macrophage enlargement

Question 10

Widened mediastinum

Answer 10

Anthrax

Question 11

Anthrax diagnosis

Answer 11

Gram stain
PCR
Serology

Question 12

Bacillus anthracis treatment

Answer 12

Ciprofloxacin
Doxycycline
Vaccine

Question 13

Bacillus cereus epidemiology

Answer 13

Motile and non encapsulated

Ubiquitous

Question 14

Bacillus cereus transmission

Answer 14

Food born

Fried rice

Question 15

Fried rice

Answer 15

Bacillus anthracis

Question 16

Bacillus cereus disease

Answer 16

Food poisoning
Gastroenteritis
Enterotoxins

Question 17

Bacillus cereus enterotoxins

Answer 17

Heat stable - fried rice, ingest enterotoxin

Heat labile - diarrhea, stimulates cAMP, watery diarrhea

Question 18

Bacillus cereus treatment

Answer 18

Vancomycin
Ciprofloxacin
Gentamicin

Question 19

Corynebacterium diphtheriae epidemiology

Answer 19

Disease carried in throat and nasopharynx

Transmission by respiratory droplets

Question 20

Corynebacterium diphtheriae virulence

Answer 20

Diphtheria toxin
Exotoxin on tox gene
AB toxin by inhibiting EF-2

Question 21

Corynebacterium diphtheriae pathogenesis

Answer 21

Sudden onset
Pseudo membrane
Bull neck
Myocarditis and recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy

Question 22

CTBA agar

Answer 22

Corynebacterium diphtheriae

Question 23

Corynebacterium diphtheriae culture

Answer 23

CTBA: gray to black colonies
PCR: tox gene
Loeffler’s coagulated serum agar: methylene blue
Elek test

Question 24

Elek test

Answer 24

Antitoxin strip on plate streaked with diphtheriae | Toxigenic detected with X secretion

Question 25

Corynebacterium diphtheriae treatment

Answer 25

Penicillin Erythromycin DPT vaccine

Question 26

Mycobacterium species

Answer 26

M. tuberculosis | M. leprae

Question 27

Ziehl Neelson method

Answer 27

Acid fast method - resist de colorization | Mycobacterium

Question 28

Mycobacterium tuberculosis pathogenesis

Answer 28

Facultative intracellular Sulfa tides Cord factor - inhibitor PMN

Question 29

Sulfatides

Answer 29

Inhibits phagosome lysosome fusion

Question 30

Mycobacterium tuberculosis epidemiology

Answer 30

Reservoir in human lungs | Transmission by respiratory droplets

Question 31

M tuberculosis pathogenesis

Answer 31

Phagocytosis by alveolar macrophages Infected macrophages to regional lymph nodes Alveolar macrophages release cytokines T cells activated and secrete IFN gamma

Question 32

Granuloma

Answer 32

M tuberculosis pathogenesis

Question 33

Bloody and purulent sputum

Answer 33

M tuberculosis

Question 34

M tuberculosis clinical diagnosis

Answer 34

Radiographic evidence | PPD - hypersensitivity

Question 35

M tuberculosis diagnostic

Answer 35

Auramine rhodamine staining bacilli = fluorescent green | Slow on Lowenstein Jensen medium

Question 36

Armadillos

Answer 36

Mycobacterium leprae

Question 37

Mycobacterium leprae biology

Answer 37

Obligate intracellular Armadillos Remains in cooler areas of the body

Question 38

Hansen disease

Answer 38

Leprosy

Question 39

Types of mycobacterium leprae

Answer 39

Tuberculoid - strong cell response | Lepromatous - weak cell response, nerve damage, skin lesions

Question 40

Mycobacterium leprae diagnosis

Answer 40

Lepromin skin test TL + LL -