Gram Positive Bacteria (Cocci) Flashcards by Joshua Bahk | Brainscape

Q

S.Saprophyticus, S.Epidermis - Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus

A

Skin commensal
Device associated infections including prosthetic valve endocarditis
Rx - 50% flucloxacillin resistant
Regimen depends on sensitivities
Combinations including rifampicin often used for device associated infections.
S.saprophyticus - cause of UTIs in young women
Rx - flucloxacillin or nitrofurantoin

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Q

S.Aureus - Coagulase Positive Staphyloccus

A

Skin and soft tissue infections
Endocarditis
Toxin-mediated diseases
Meticillin sensitive S.aureus –> Rx - flucloxacillin or erythromycin
Meticillin resistant S.aureus (MRSA) –> Rx - vancomycin or linezolid

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Q

Streptococcus Pneumoniae = Optochin susceptible, Alpha-haemolytic streptococci

A

Draughtsmen colonies
Pharyngeal commensal
Community acquired pneumonia
Meningitis
Vaccines available
Rx - benzylpenicillin (IV) or amoxicillin (PO)
Penicillin resistant

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Q

Viridans Streptococci (species) = Optochin susceptible, Alpha-haemolytic streptococci

A

Pharyngeal comsmensals
Includes: S.mitis, S.oralis, S.salivarius, S.mutans
Native valve endocarditis
Rx - benzylpenicillin (IV) and synergistic gentamicin

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Q

*Streptococcus pyogenes - *Group A Beta-haemolytic Streptococci

A

Pharyngitis
Skin and soft tissue infections incuding necrotising fascitis
Rheumatic fever/ scarlet fever
Puerperal sepsis
ASOT/ DNAse B
Rx - benzylpenicillin (IV) or amoxicillin (PO)

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Q

*Streptococcus agalactiae - *Group B Beta-haemolytic Streptococci

A

Commensal of female GU tract
UTIs
Neonatal sepsis and meningitis
Endocarditis
Septic arthritis
Rx - benzylpenicillin (IV) plus gentamycin (severe) or amoxicillin (PO)

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Q

*S.equi, S.equisimilus, S.zooepiodemicus - *Group C Beta-haemolytic streptococci

A

Pharyngitis
Skin and soft tissue infections
Rx - benzylpenicillin (IV) or amoxicillin (PO)

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Q

Enterococcus species - Group D Beta-haemolytic streptococci (also often non-haemolytic)

A

Commensals of GI and GU
UTIs
Endocarditis
Polymicrobial infections from GI perforation
Cephalosporin resistant
Rx - amoxicillin *(E.faecalis) *or vancomycin (E.faecium)
Vancomycin resistant enterococci (VRE)

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Q

*S.bovis - *Group D Beta-haemolytic streptococci

A

Endocarditis
Association with colon cancer
Rx - benzylpenicillin (IV) or amoxicillin (PO)

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Q

*S.anginosus, S.constellatus, S.intermedius - *Group F Beta-haemolytic Streptococci

A

‘Milleri group’
Intra-abdominal abscesses, often polymicrobial
Rx - benzylpenicillin (IV) or amoxicillin (PO)

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Q

S.dysgalactiae - Group G Beta-haemolytic streptococci

A

Skin and soft tissue infections
Rx - benzylpenicillin (IV) or amoxicillin (PO)

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