Grammar Flashcards
(15 cards)
What is the Subjunctive?
A ‘mood’ used to talk about things that might not exist
E.g. if i were…
How is it formed?
-AR verbs receive ER endings (e for yo)
- ER verbs receive AR endings (a for yo)
What IR verbs are irregular in the subjunctive?
- Dormir= durm-
- Morir, mur-
- Repetir, repit-
- Preferir, prefir
- Vestir, vist-
- Servir, Sirv
What verbs have their endings change in the subjunctive?
(Car to que)
(Gar to gue)
(Zar to ce)
- Practicar- Practiques
- Llegar- Llegue
- Comenzar- Comience
- Pagar- Pague
- Buscar- Busquemos
- Organizar- Organice
- Empezar, Empiece
- Almorzar, Almorce
What is ser in the subjunctive?
sea, seas, sea, seamos, seáis, sean
What is ir in the subjunctive?
vaya, vayas, vaya, vayamos, vayáis, vayan
What is estar in the subjunctive?
esté, estés, esté, estemos, estéis, estén
What is saber in the subjunctive?
sepa, sepas, sepa, sepamos, sepáis, sepan
What is haber in the subjunctive?
haya, hayas, haya, hayamos, hayáis, hayan
What is dar in the subjunctive?
Dé, dés, dé, demos, deis, den (only irregular thing is the accent marks
What is hacer in the subjunctive?
haga, hagas, haga, hagamos, hagáis, hagan
When is the subjunctive used?
- when there are two different subjects in a question
- when a sentence is connected through ´qué
´ - When there is a WEDDING connection
What does the WEDDING acronym stand for?
Will- a command, something you are going to do
Emotion- feelings
Doubt- uncertainty
Desire- wanting, preferring something
Impersonal- e.g. es bueno que
Necessity- something you need to
God Willing, perhaps- Tal vez, Ojala
When do you use the imperfect subjunctive?
Refers to past or future events, usually us in the ‘if’ clause, and fits the WEDDING criteria
How is the imperfect subjunctive formed?
- take 3rd person plural of the preterite
- ar verbs are: ara, Aras, ara, aramos, arais, Aran
- er verbs are: iera, ieras, iera, iera ieramos, ierais, ieran
May be in ‘-se’ form
E.g. hablar- hablaron- hablara
Comer- comieron- comiera/ comiese
