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English exam review > Grammar > Flashcards

Grammar Flashcards

0
Q

Compound nouns

A

A noun consisting of more than one word

Example: social studies, thirty-three, schoolteacher

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1
Q

Collective nouns

A

Names a group of people or things

Examples: nerds, class

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2
Q

Common noun

A

Any person of thing

Example: pen, smiles

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3
Q

Proper noun

A

Particular person, place or thing and begins with capital letter
Example: Marissa, Paris

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4
Q

Personal pronouns

A

Refer to people and things. Divided into 3 categories:

  1. First person: referring to person talking
  2. Second person: referring to person bing spoken to
  3. Third person: referring to anyone or anything else
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5
Q

Reflexive/intensive pronouns

A

Formed by adding self or delve to certain personal pronouns
Reflexive: refers to the subject and functions as a compliment or an object or a preposition
Intensive: emphasizes a noun or another pronoun

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6
Q

Interrogative pronoun

A

Use to ask a question

  1. Which
  2. Who
  3. Whom
  4. Whose
  5. What
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7
Q

Demonstrative pronoun

A

Used to point out a specific person or thing

  1. This
  2. That
  3. These
  4. Those
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8
Q

Indefinite pronoun

A

Often doesn’t refer to a specific or definite person or thing
Doesn’t have a specific antecedent (like personal pronouns)
Example: Everybody will select another to help with everything

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9
Q

Adjectives

A 
Modifies a noun or pronoun
Answer the following questions:
How much?
How many?
What kind?
Which?
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10
Q

Proper adjective

A

Formed from a proper noun

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11
Q

Compound adjective

A

A word composed of two of more words; sometimes these words a hyphenated

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12
Q

Action verb

A

Tells what action a subject is performing, had performed, or will perform.
Example: skated

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13
Q

Linking verb

A

Connects or links a subject to a noun or an adjective in the predicate
Example: is, are, being

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14
Q

Helping verb

A

Assists the main verb in a sentence. There can be more than one helping verb in a sentence.
Example: are

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15
Q

Adverbs

A 
A word that modifies a verb, adjective, or another adverb
Answer the following questions:
Where?
When?
How?
To what extent?
Usually end in -ly
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16
Q

Common preposition

A

A word that shows the relationship between a noun or pronoun and another word in the sentence
Examples: the man swam under the bridge

*“but” is a preposition ONLY when is can be replaced by the except

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17
Q

Compound preposition

A

Has the same function as a common preposition

Composed of two or more words

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18
Q

Coordinating conjunctions

A

Single connecting word

Examples: for, and, nor, but, or

19
Q

Correlative conjunctions

A 
Pairs of connecting words
The pairs are separated by one of the words the correlative conjunction is connecting
Examples: both......and
Neither.........nor
Wether.........or
20
Q

Interjection

A

Word that expresses strong feeling of emotion

Usually comes at the beginning of the sentence

21
Q

Oxymoron

A

Expression with contradictory words: a phrase in which two words of contradictory meaning are used together for special effect, e.g. “wise fool” or “legal murder”

22
Q

Pun

A

Play on words: a humorous use of words that involves a word of phrase that has more than one possible meaning.

23
Q

Paradox

A

Statement that seems contradictory but that actually may be true

24
Q

Malapropism

A

Unintentional use of wrong word: the misuse of a word through confusion with another word that sounds similar, especially when the effect is ridiculous

25
Q

Allusion

A

References to well-know people, places, or events from myths or literature

26
Q

Chiasmus

A

Inverted word order in phrase: a rhetorical construction in which the order of words in the second of two paired phrases is the reverse of the order in the first
Example: gray was the morn, all things were gray

27
Q

Foreshadow

A

To be warned of: to indicate or suggest something, usually something unpleasant, that is going to happen

28
Q

Metaphor

A

Implicit comparison: describing someone or something with a word or phrase that is not meant literally but by means of a vivid comparison expresses something about him, her, or it, e.g. saying that somebody is a snake

29
Q

Soliloquy

A

A lengthy speech in which a character expresses his or her thought to the audience. He or she is usually alone on the stage

30
Q

Aside

A

A brief remark by a character revealing thoughts or feelings to the audience. No one else on stage can hear these comments

31
Q

Monologue

A

Like a soliloquy but the character is addressing another character not the audience. Literally means “one talking” (similar to dialogue meaning “two talking”)

32
Q

Characters

A

The people or animals who take part in a literary work

33
Q

Round character

A

Have many personality traits, like a real person

34
Q

Flat characters

A

One-dimensional, embodying only a single trait. Shakespeare’s plays often include flat characters who provide comic relief

35
Q

Dramatic foil

A

A character who highlights the traits of another character through contrast

36
Q

Tragic hero

A

Main character of the story who has a flaw or weakness in his or her character which causes their downfall

37
Q

Jack

A

Symbolizes the human love of dominance and power

38
Q

Piggy

A

Symbolizes the science and rationality

39
Q

Ralph

A

Symbolizes law, government, and civil society

40
Q

Simon

A

Symbol of Jesus, he stands for the mystics, prophets, and priests of all religions who confront and reveal the darkest aspects of human nature.

41
Q

Roger

A

Symbolizes mankind’s sadistic instincts, the suppressed desire to hurt others.

42
Q

The Lord of the flies

A

Symbolizes the evil in all men’s souls

43
Q

Sam and Eric

A

Symbolize totally civilized and socialized people

44
Q

Percival

A

Symbolizes innocence

45
Q

Robert

A

Plays the role of the pig

English exam review (5 decks)

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