Flashcards in Grammar Deck (46)
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Collective nouns
Names a group of people or things
Examples: nerds, class
1
Compound nouns
A noun consisting of more than one word
Example: social studies, thirty-three, schoolteacher
2
Common noun
Any person of thing
Example: pen, smiles
3
Proper noun
Particular person, place or thing and begins with capital letter
Example: Marissa, Paris
4
Personal pronouns
Refer to people and things. Divided into 3 categories:
1. First person: referring to person talking
2. Second person: referring to person bing spoken to
3. Third person: referring to anyone or anything else
5
Reflexive/intensive pronouns
Formed by adding self or delve to certain personal pronouns
Reflexive: refers to the subject and functions as a compliment or an object or a preposition
Intensive: emphasizes a noun or another pronoun
6
Interrogative pronoun
Use to ask a question
1. Which
2. Who
3. Whom
4. Whose
5. What
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Demonstrative pronoun
Used to point out a specific person or thing
1. This
2. That
3. These
4. Those
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Indefinite pronoun
Often doesn't refer to a specific or definite person or thing
Doesn't have a specific antecedent (like personal pronouns)
Example: Everybody will select another to help with everything
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Adjectives
Modifies a noun or pronoun
Answer the following questions:
How much?
How many?
What kind?
Which?
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Proper adjective
Formed from a proper noun
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Compound adjective
A word composed of two of more words; sometimes these words a hyphenated
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Action verb
Tells what action a subject is performing, had performed, or will perform.
Example: skated
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Linking verb
Connects or links a subject to a noun or an adjective in the predicate
Example: is, are, being
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Helping verb
Assists the main verb in a sentence. There can be more than one helping verb in a sentence.
Example: are
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Adverbs
A word that modifies a verb, adjective, or another adverb
Answer the following questions:
Where?
When?
How?
To what extent?
Usually end in -ly
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Common preposition
A word that shows the relationship between a noun or pronoun and another word in the sentence
Examples: the man swam under the bridge
*"but" is a preposition ONLY when is can be replaced by the except
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Compound preposition
Has the same function as a common preposition
Composed of two or more words
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Coordinating conjunctions
Single connecting word
Examples: for, and, nor, but, or
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Correlative conjunctions
Pairs of connecting words
The pairs are separated by one of the words the correlative conjunction is connecting
Examples: both......and
Neither.........nor
Wether.........or
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Interjection
Word that expresses strong feeling of emotion
Usually comes at the beginning of the sentence
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Oxymoron
Expression with contradictory words: a phrase in which two words of contradictory meaning are used together for special effect, e.g. "wise fool" or "legal murder"
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Pun
Play on words: a humorous use of words that involves a word of phrase that has more than one possible meaning.
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Paradox
Statement that seems contradictory but that actually may be true
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Malapropism
Unintentional use of wrong word: the misuse of a word through confusion with another word that sounds similar, especially when the effect is ridiculous
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Allusion
References to well-know people, places, or events from myths or literature
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Chiasmus
Inverted word order in phrase: a rhetorical construction in which the order of words in the second of two paired phrases is the reverse of the order in the first
Example: gray was the morn, all things were gray
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Foreshadow
To be warned of: to indicate or suggest something, usually something unpleasant, that is going to happen
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Metaphor
Implicit comparison: describing someone or something with a word or phrase that is not meant literally but by means of a vivid comparison expresses something about him, her, or it, e.g. saying that somebody is a snake
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Soliloquy
A lengthy speech in which a character expresses his or her thought to the audience. He or she is usually alone on the stage
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Aside
A brief remark by a character revealing thoughts or feelings to the audience. No one else on stage can hear these comments
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Monologue
Like a soliloquy but the character is addressing another character not the audience. Literally means "one talking" (similar to dialogue meaning "two talking")
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Characters
The people or animals who take part in a literary work
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Round character
Have many personality traits, like a real person
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Flat characters
One-dimensional, embodying only a single trait. Shakespeare's plays often include flat characters who provide comic relief
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Dramatic foil
A character who highlights the traits of another character through contrast
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Tragic hero
Main character of the story who has a flaw or weakness in his or her character which causes their downfall
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Jack
Symbolizes the human love of dominance and power
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Piggy
Symbolizes the science and rationality
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Ralph
Symbolizes law, government, and civil society
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Simon
Symbol of Jesus, he stands for the mystics, prophets, and priests of all religions who confront and reveal the darkest aspects of human nature.
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Roger
Symbolizes mankind's sadistic instincts, the suppressed desire to hurt others.
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The Lord of the flies
Symbolizes the evil in all men's souls
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Sam and Eric
Symbolize totally civilized and socialized people
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Percival
Symbolizes innocence
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