Grammatica Flashcards

(20 cards)

1
Q

conjugating with jij/je

A

drop the t when jij/je comes before the conjugated verb

eg. “ben jij” (jij bent) / “heb jij” (jij hebt)

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2
Q

two forms of hebben for u

A

u hebt
u heeft
(both correct)

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3
Q

when to use stressed vs. unstressed pronouns

A

use unstressed only in informal speaking when the emphasis is not on who

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4
Q

apostrophe rule for posessives

A

only use an apostrophe when the noun ends in a vowel other than e or when the last letter is an s or x

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5
Q

ons vs. onze

A

het = ons
de = onze

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6
Q

welk vs. welke

A

het = welk
de = welke

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7
Q

word order

A

persoonsvorm always stands in the second position (after the noun, or the other stressed word if inverted)

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8
Q

adjective spelling rule

A

if the adjective comes before the noun, add “e” - unless it is een + het word

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9
Q

imperative structure

A

start with the conjugated verb, u added right after or leave out for all others

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10
Q

words to soften imperative tone

A

maar, maar even, eens

eg.
Doet u maar
Gaat u maar even zitten.
Vertel eens over je familie

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11
Q

general rules for plurals

A

-en for most
-s for all unstressed l, m, n, r, a, rt, e, je endings, and most foreign words

‘s for plurals that end in vowels other than e

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12
Q

modale werkwoorden

A

conj. verb in first or second place, infinitive second verb at the end

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13
Q

regular comparative and superlative endings

A

…er
het …st

for stems ending in r, add der (eg. duurder)

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14
Q

goed comp + super

A

goed
beter
het best

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15
Q

veel comp + super

A

veel
meer
het meest

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16
Q

weinig comp + super

A

weinig
minder
het minst

17
Q

graag comp + super

A

graag
liever
het liefst

adv. to like to

18
Q

demonstratief pronomen

A

de:
this/these = deze
that/those = die

het:
this = dit
that = dat

19
Q

objectvorm van pronomen

for people

A

ik = mij/me
jij/je = jou/je
u = u
hij = hem
zij/ze = haar
wij/we = ons
jullie = jullie
zij/ze = hen/ze

20
Q

objectvorm van pronomen

for objects

A

de (sing.) = hem
het (sing.) = het
de (pl.) = ze