Grant

Question 1

Outline what is meant by context dependant memory

Answer 1

Context dependant memory
-The idea tat we are able to recall information best if we return to the same context in which it was learnt in the first place.

Question 2

Outline the background to Grant et al

Answer 2

Context dependant memory
-The idea tat we are able to recall information best if we return to the same context in which it was learnt in the first place

GODDEN AND BADDELY
-sample of divers learnt a list of words underwater and on dry land. Then recalled the words in either the original environment they learnt the words in or the alternative environment
Results showed that thee lists of words were better remembered by the groups that did the learning and test in the exact same condition

Question 3

Outline the aim of Grant et al

Answer 3

Grant aimed to see whether context dependency effect that has often been reported for recall (but nt recognition) of unrelated list of words would also be seen in relation to the type of meaningful prose that is presented in many academic courses

Question 4

Outline the sample of Grant et al

Answer 4

-40 participants
-17-56 years old
-17m 23f
-participants were then placed in 4 conditions
-1 participants data was removed due to atypically low scores
(Eight researchers each recruited 5 people)

Question 5

Outline th procedure by Grant et al. Stage 1 (learning)

Answer 5

Participants read a short article on psycho immunolog. This was chosen as it was thought to be interesting and understandable.
-The particpants studied the article in one of two conditions either noise or silence
-The noise was made up of sounds recorded during a lunchtime during the cafeteria. It was payed on a cassette player and heard through headphones

Then they had a two minuet break

Question 6

Outline the procedure by Grant et al Stage 2(testing)

Answer 6

After their break participants were given two sets of questions to answer about the content of the article they had been reading
-Taken in noise
-Taken i silence
The two tests were a :
- RECALL TEST (10 short-answer questions)
- RECOGNITION TEST (16 multipl choice questions)

Question 7

Outline the results from the recall test (10 short answer questions)

Answer 7

Test taken in silence
Article read in silence
=6.7

Test taken in silence
Article read in noise
5.4

Test taken in noise
Article taken in silence
=4.6

Test taken in noise
Article taken in noise
=6.2

Question 8

Outlne the results from the Multiple choice questions test 16 (recall test)

Answer 8

Article read in silence
Test taken in silence
=14.3

Article read in silence
Test taken in noise
12.7

Astuce read in noise
Test taken in silence
=12.7

Articl read in noise
Test taken in noise
=14.3

Question 9

Outlines the conclusions from the test by Grant

Answer 9

-Participants performed best in the matching conditions nose0-noise or silence-silence
This provides support fr context dependant memory suggesting that we remember more when we are back in the same context as we learnt it