Grape Varieties Flashcards

(232 cards)

1
Q

name for Chenin Blanc in South Africa?

A

Steen

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2
Q

T/F Napa Cabernet Sauvignon is higher in alcohol & lower in acidity than typical Bordeaux.

A

true

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3
Q

Merlot tannin level?

A

medium

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4
Q

Syrah/Shiraz acidity level?

A

low to medium

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5
Q

carbonic maceration Gamay aromas

A

red cherry, strawberry, banana, red candy

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6
Q

pronounced style of oaked Sauvignon Blanc created in California by Robert Mondavi in the 1960s

A

Fume Blanc

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7
Q

Where do you commonly find Carmenere?

A

Chile

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8
Q

Where do you commonly find Muller-Thurgau?

A

Germany

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9
Q

What are three well-known examples of Syrah/Shiraz?

A

Rhone Valley, Australia, Paso Robles

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10
Q

ancient grape variety that has been carried to nearly every wine region of the world

A

Muscat

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11
Q

What are four top-producing countries of Riesling?

A

Germany, Australia, France, United States

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12
Q

What are five top-producing countries for Merlot?

A

France, United States, Spain, Italy, Chile

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13
Q

What are five well-known examples of Sauvignon Blanc?

A

Sancerre, Pouilly-Fume, white Bordeaux, Fume Blanc, New Zealand

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14
Q

the “G” of GSM blend?

A

Grenache

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15
Q

T/F Grenache is often made into rose but never sweet fortified wines

A

false

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16
Q

Where do you commonly find Xarel-lo?

A

Spain

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17
Q

T/F Pinot Grigio has lower alcohol/body than Pinot Gris.

A

false

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18
Q

Riesling acidity level?

A

high to very high

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19
Q

should be perfect copy of parent grape, but generally used to mean grapes that are slightly different from the parent

A

clone

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20
Q

new oak aged Cabernet Sauvignon aromas?

A

dark chocolate, cedar, vanilla, tobacco

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21
Q

How can tannins be bolstered in Cabernet Sauvignon?

A

maturation in new oak barrels

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22
Q

descendant of Pinot Noir that mutated from Pinot Gris

A

Pinot Blanc

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23
Q

T/F Chardonnay does not age well.

A

false

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24
Q

Where do you commonly find Blaufrankisch?

A

Germany/Austria

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25
Shiraz is known as what in southern France?
Syrah
26
Characteristic Chenin Blanc aromas?
green apple, melon, green plum, citrus blossoms, earth, mineral, wet wool
27
What is Ugni Blanc mainly used for in France?
brandy
28
What are three top-producing countries of Syrah/Shiraz?
France, Australia, United States
29
T/F Pinot Noir does not thrive and ripen in cool climates.
false
30
T/F Beaujolais is typically high tannin
false
31
T/F Cool climate Chardonnay has citrus flavors, green fruit aromas, crisp acidity, and a light to medium body.
true
32
What color do Grenache wines turn when they oxidize?
salmon or orange
33
What are five top-producing countries of Pinot Grigio/Gris?
Italy, United States, Germany, France, Australia
34
scientific grouping of plants or animals that are genetically similar, have broad characteristics in common, and can produce viable offspring through sexual reproduction
species
35
Where do you commonly find Torrontes Riojano?
Argentina
36
Syrah/Shiraz alcohol level?
high
37
characteristic aromas of Merlot?
blueberry, plum, black cherry, mint, coffee, chocolate
38
produces deeply colored (inky black) wines
Malbec
39
T/F Typically Merlot is less intense, tannin, & alcohol than Cabernet Sauvignon.
true
40
Why is Alicante Bouschet often used to blend?
It adds body & color intensity because it is a teinturier..
41
What are five well-known examples of Grenache?
southern Rhone, Priorat, Rioja, Navarra, Australia
42
aphid-like insect which destroyed European vineyards in the 19th century
phylloxera
43
Cabernet Franc tannin level?
light to medium
44
What are three things Grenache brings to a GSM blend?
color, acidity, complexity
45
characteristic Zinfandel aromas?
jammy fruit, raspberry, blackberry, raisin
46
Where do you commonly find Furmint?
Hungary
47
characteristic Sangiovese aromas?
sour cherry & orange peel
48
T/F Pinot Grigio & Pinot Gris are technically synonymous but have become associated with a particular style of wine.
true
49
well-aged Syrah/Shiraz aromas?
smoked meats
50
classic sweet dessert wines of Bordeaux that utilize Sauvignon Blanc
Sauternes
51
Grenache wines oxidize quickly or slowly?
quickly
52
Riesling dessert wines are made from what kind of grapes?
late-harvest or botrytis-affected
53
Where do you commonly find Macabeo/Viura?
Spain
54
Where do you commonly find Roussanne?
France
55
What are three well-known styles of Chardonnay?
white Burgundy, Champagne, "California style" New World
56
warm climate Cabernet Franc aromas?
raspberry, violet
57
What are two well-known examples of Merlot?
red Bordeaux, New World
58
Where do you commonly find Assyrtiko?
Greece
59
T/F Riesling reflects variations in terroir.
true
60
Where do you commonly find Corvina?
Italy
61
T/F Table wines made using Sauvignon Blanc are usually low in acidity and have some RS
false
62
Muscat acidity level?
low to medium
63
characteristic Syrah/Shiraz aromas?
blackberry, tar, leather, anise, rosemary, black pepper, smoke, lavender, forest floor, earth, dried fruits
64
What are the four top-producing countries of Muscat?
Italy, France, Chile, Australia
65
Sauvignon Blanc alcohol level?
medium
66
Pinot Grigio/Gris acidity level?
low to high
67
Where Sauvignon Blanc has an affinity for herbal character & fruit-forward flavors of grapefruit & tropical fruit
New Zealand
68
Cabernet Sauvignon alcohol level?
high
69
How are grape varieties propagated in commercial viticulture usually?
asexually
70
most common variety used for white wines & balsamic vinegar in Italy
Trebbiano Toscano
71
Where do you commonly find Montepulciano?
Italy
72
Define teinturier.
grape that has red flesh & red skin
73
Where do you commonly find Touriga Franca?
Portugal
74
Where do you commonly find Glera?
Italy
75
What are four top-producing countries of Cabernet Sauvignon?
France, Chile, United States, Australia
76
Pinot Noir alcohol level?
medium
77
Chardonnay alcohol level?
medium to high
78
characteristic Tempranillo aromas
leather, tobacco, chalky dust, strawberry, red cherry, currant, spice
79
grape genus
Vitis
80
Chardonnay acidity level?
medium to high
81
Where do you commonly find Meunier/Pinot Meunier?
France
82
Where do you commonly find Monastrell/Mourvedre?
Spain
83
T/F Riesling rarely has a floral aroma.
false
84
backbone of Chianti & other Tuscan wines
Sangiovese
85
Characteristic aromas of Pinot Grigio/Gris?
apple, lemon, melon, peach, minerals, almond
86
Merlot alcohol level?
medium to high
87
Where do you commonly find Godello?
Spain
88
Why is old-vine Grenache highly prized?
concentration of flavor
89
Where do you commonly find Carignan?
France
90
Pinot Grigio/Gris alcohol level?
medium
91
Chenin Blanc alcohol level?
medium to high
92
best known blending partner of Cabernet Sauvignon & Merlot in famous reds of Bordeaux
Cabernet Franc
93
T/F Semillon is known for having a distinct waxy or oil character
true
94
Cabernet Franc alcohol level?
medium
95
Where do you commonly find Parellada?
Spain
96
Semillon aromas?
lemon, yellow grapefruit, honeysuckle, lemon blossom, peach, pear, green apple
97
What is a key indicator scent for Riesling?
petrol
98
What are two top-producing countries of Grenache?
France & Spain
99
Where do you commonly find Arinto?
Portugal
100
Where do you commonly find Verdejo?
Spain
101
Where do you commonly find Barbera?
Italy
102
indigenous grapes that are the result of natural cross-breeding or natural mutation in a specific area
autochthonous
103
Chenin Blanc acidity level?
medium-plus to high
104
T/F Blauer Portugieser, Agiorgitiko, & Touriga Nacional are all red varieties.
true
105
Where do you commonly find Cortese?
Italy
106
variety known for showing carbonic maceration
Gamay
107
teinturier grape variety
Alicante Bouschet
108
T/F Silvaner, Garganega, Palomino, and Chasselas are all red grape varieties.
false
109
Where do you commonly find Mourvedre?
France
110
What are two contributors to the preservative effect on Riesling?
high acidity & residual sugar
111
Warm climate Chardonnay aromas?
tropical fruit
112
T/F Nebbiolo is highly tannic and can be aged for a long time
true
113
Syrah/Shiraz tannin level?
high
114
Cabernet Franc's complementary flavors with Cabernet Sauvignon?
red fruit & herbal
115
Where do you commonly find Aglianico?
Italy
116
Merlot acidity level?
medium
117
characteristic Gamay aromas
black fruit, raspberry, spice
118
Cabernet Sauvignon acidity level?
medium to high
119
Where do you commonly find Albarino?
Spain
120
Why is Pinot Noir a natural choice to use in sparkling wines?
its ability to produce flavorful grapes in cool conditions
121
Where do you commonly find Palomino?
Spain
122
grape varieties that have not been widely transplanted in areas beyond their native home or have not had impressive results when tried
traditional/native/indigenous varieties
123
Merlot represents the majority of the blend on which bank of Bordeaux?
Right Bank
124
T/F While it can be used for blending, typically Grenache is a single-variety wine.
false
125
T/F Pinot Gris can have more RS than Pinot Grigio.
true
126
variety of Barolo, Barbaresco, & other Piedmont wines
Nebbiolo
127
What are the three top-producing countries of Chardonnay?
France, United States, Australia
128
T/F Chenin Blanc has a low level of acidity
false
129
Where do you commonly find Alvarinho?
Portugal
130
Pinot Noir tannin level?
low to medium
131
What are three top-producing countries of Cabernet Franc?
France, Italy, United States
132
variety that produces densly pigmented, high alcohol, spicy red wines
Zinfandel
133
Where do you commonly find Vernaccia?
Italy
134
vine that has developed different characteristics from its parent clones through the imperfect reproduction of cells as it grows
mutation
135
What are two well-known examples of Cabernet Sauvignon?
red Bordeaux, Napa Valley
136
Grenache acidity level?
low to medium
137
Where do you commonly find Marsanne?
France
138
Where do you commonly find Moschofilero?
Greece
139
cool climate Sauvignon Blanc aromas?
grass, hay, grapefruit, green pepper
140
characteristic Nebbiolo aromas?
tar, roses, cherry, blackberry, licorice
141
Where do you commonly find Pinotage?
South Africa
142
Cool climate Chardonnay aromas?
green apple, melon, pears
143
Where do you commonly find Pedro Ximenez?
Spain
144
characteristic Pinot Noir aromas?
cherry, raspberry, strawberry earth, violet, lilac, sandalwood, mushroom
145
What are the three top-producing countries of Chenin Blanc?
South Africa, France, United States
146
primarily known for producing Beaujolais
Gamay
147
T/F Syrah can be used to produce dry, full-bodied rose wine.
true
148
Grenache alcohol level?
high
149
Loire Sauvignon Blanc aroma?
flint
150
What are five well-known examples of Cabernet Franc?
red Bordeaux, Loire Valley, northeast Italy, New York State, California
151
T/F Pinot Blanc is heavier on the palate than Pinot Gris and has less exotic aromas
false
152
commonly used name for vine subspecies
grape varieties
153
Where do you commonly find Aligote?
France
154
offspring of sexual reproduction between two closely related but different species
hybrid
155
Where do you commonly find Nero d'Avola?
Italy
156
T/F Sangiovese is darkly colored and low in acidity
false
157
Where do you commonly find Blauer Portugieser?
Germany/Austria
158
T/F Few New World regions make Cabernet Sauvignon
false
159
Where do you commonly find Gruner Veltliner?
Austria
160
Well-aged Riesling aromas?
baking spices
161
Vitis vinifera X Vitis labrusca
hybrid
162
Vitis vinifera X Vitis vinifera
cross
163
Where do you commonly find Tannat?
Uruguay
164
Where do you commonly find Touriga Nacional
Portugal
165
warm climate Sauvignon Blanc aromas?
asparagus, melon
166
T/F Chardonnay shows remarkedly different characteristics depending on the climate.
true
167
Where do you commonly find Zweigelt?
Germany/Austria
168
species of grapes that is used on a widespread basis in commercial winemaking
Vitis vinifera
169
Muscat alcohol level?
medium to high
170
What are three well-known examples of Muscat?
southern France, northern Italy, Australia
171
Where do you commonly find Vermentino?
Italy
172
Chenin Blanc's home?
Loire Valley, France
173
T/F Pinot Gris has higher acidity than Pinot Grigio.
true
174
Where do you commonly find Rhoditis?
Greece
175
Where do you commonly find Agiorgitiko?
Greece
176
Gewurztraminer aromas?
flowers, spice, lychee, rose
177
Where is chardonnay indigenous to?
Burgundy, France
178
white wine best known as a blending partner
Semillon
179
T/F Cabernet Sauvignon is an early blooming variety.
false
180
T/F Chardonnay grown in cooler climates will generally have ripe, tropical fruit flavors and produce wines with high alcohol and considerable body.
false
181
What are three top-producing countries for Pinot Noir?
France, United States, Germany
182
What are nine well-known examples of Riesling?
Mosel, Germany; Rheingau, Germany; Rheinhessen, Germany; Pfalz, Germany; Alsace, France; Clare Valley, Australia; Eden Valley, Australia; Finger Lakes, New York; Washington, United States
183
Where do you commonly find Garganega?
Italy
184
Where do you commonly find Mavrodaphne?
Greece
185
Riesling alcohol level?
very low to high
186
What are five well-known examples of Pinot Noir?
red Burgundy, Champagne, New Zealand, Oregon, California
187
one of most aromatic white grape varieties
Gewurztraminer
188
characteristic aromas of Grenache?
strawberry, sour cherry, flowers, black pepper, cranberry
189
oak-aged Sauvignon Blanc aromas?
toast, smoke
190
French name for Trebbiano Toscana
Ugni Blanc
191
Where do you commonly find Cinsaut/Cinsault?
France
192
Where do you commonly find Petite Sirah?
United States
193
Where do you commonly find Loureiro?
Portugal
194
What are three well-known examples of Chenin Blanc?
Vouvray, Savennieres, Saumur
195
T/F Viognier is light-bodied
false
196
T/F All Muscats share a characteristic powerful floral aroma & scent of fresh white grapes in the finished wine?
true
197
T/F Pinot Grigio & Pinot Gris are two well-known names for the same grape variety?
true
198
Grenache tannin level?
low to medium
199
well aged Cabernet Sauvignon aromas?
coffee, caramel, cigar box
200
Pinot Noir acidity level?
medium to high
201
Sauvignon Blanc acidity level?
medium-plus to high
202
What are three well-known examples of Pinot Grigio/Gris?
northeastern Italy, Alsace, Oregon
203
T/F Grenache thrives in hot, dry conditions where it develops high sugar that turns to high alcohol
true
204
characteristic Malbec aromas
blackberry & plum
205
Oak-aged Chardonnay aromas?
vanilla, butterscotch, caramel, toast
206
Cabernet Sauvignon tannin level?
high
207
Cabernet Franc acidity level?
medium to high
208
Characteristic Muscat aromas?
musk, honey, orange blossom, floral, apricot, table grapes
209
T/F Pinot Grigio developed as a mutation of Cabernet Sauvignon in the Bordeaux area of France?
false
210
Viognier aromas?
flowers, peach, tangerine
211
New Zealand Sauvignon Blanc aroma?
gooseberry
212
Aged Chenin Blanc aromas?
honey, quince
213
Where do you commonly find Dolcetto?
Italy
214
Where do you commonly find Verdicchio?
Italy
215
cool climate Cabernet Sauvignon aromas?
black currant, black cherry, eucalyptus, mint, bell pepper
216
Characteristic Riesling aromas?
lime, peach, nectarine, apricot, honeysuckle, wet stone, petrol/kerosene
217
Where do you commonly find Xinomavro?
Greece
218
Malolactic fermentation Chardonnay aromas?
butter
219
Where do you commonly find Silvaner?
Germany
220
Where do you commonly find Chasselas?
Switzerland
221
leading red grape of Spain?
Tempranillo
222
Where do you commonly find Fernao Pires?
Portugal
223
What are five top-producing countries for Sauvignon Blanc?
France, New Zealand, Chile, United States, South Africa
224
offspring of sexual reproduction between different subspecies within the same species
cross/crossing
225
T/F Riesling has naturally high acidity, even with increasing ripeness
true
226
T/F Riesling can be made from bone dry to sweet and anywhere in between.
true
227
cool climate Cabernet Franc aromas?
cranberry, strawberry, tobacco, mushroom, bell pepper, tea
228
Pinot Grigio/Gris literally means?
gray Pinot
229
grape varieties that have been found to thrive in a wide range of growing conditions & are currently grown in many areas throughout the world
international varieties
230
Where do you commonly find Negroamaro?
Italy
231
grape variety often described as "forest floor," "leather," or "mushroom"
Pinot Noir
232
What is responsible for Cabernet Sauvignon's consistency, reliability, depth of flavor, & aging ability?
tannins