Great Depression Flashcards
(24 cards)
What did the Federal Emergency Relief Act (FERA) provide?
Direct aid (money, food, clothing) to the unemployed and needy in the U.S.
What was the main purpose of the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)?
Provided jobs for young men in conservation projects like planting trees and building parks
What did the Works Progress Administration (WPA) accomplish?
Employed millions in public works and arts programs; largest New Deal agency
What was the goal of the Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA)?
Paid farmers to reduce production to stabilize agricultural prices
What did the National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA) establish?
Established fair wages and prices; created the NRA; declared unconstitutional
What services did the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) provide?
Built dams and provided electricity, jobs, and flood control in the Tennessee Valley
What was the function of the Public Works Administration (PWA)?
Funded large-scale infrastructure projects like bridges and schools to boost the economy
What did the Glass-Steagall Act create?
Created the FDIC; separated commercial and investment banking to restore trust in banks
What was the purpose of the Securities Exchange Act?
Created the SEC to regulate the stock market and prevent fraud
What did the Social Security Act establish?
Established pensions, unemployment insurance, and aid to disabled and dependent individuals
What rights did the Wagner Act (National Labor Relations Act) guarantee?
Guaranteed workers the right to unionize and bargain collectively
What key regulations did the Fair Labor Standards Act establish?
Established minimum wage, maximum work hours, and banned child labor
What was the impact of the Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act?
Raised U.S. tariffs; led to global trade collapse and worsened the Great Depression
What was the Unemployment and Farm Relief Act (Canada)?
Small-scale public works act during Canada’s early Depression years
What did the Bank of Canada Act create?
Created Canada’s central bank to stabilize currency and national economic policy
What was the Employment and Social Insurance Act in Canada?
Canadian attempt at unemployment insurance; later declared unconstitutional
What did the Rowell-Sirois Commission recommend?
Recommended federal responsibility for welfare and income redistribution in Canada
What was the significance of the Oil Expropriation Decree (Mexico, 1938)?
Nationalized foreign oil companies; created PEMEX, a state-owned oil company
What was the purpose of the Ejido Land Reform (Mexico)?
Redistributed large estates to peasants as communal land under Cárdenas
What did the Mexican Labor Reforms aim to strengthen?
Strengthened worker protections and union rights under the Cárdenas administration
What was the function of the National Coffee Council (Brazil)?
Controlled coffee production; destroyed excess to stabilize global prices
What is Import Substitution Industrialization (ISI) (Brazil)?
Strategy to reduce imports by producing industrial goods domestically
What is the Companhia Siderúrgica Nacional (Brazil)?
State-owned steel company, part of Brazil’s ISI strategy
What did the Estado Novo Constitution (1937) (Brazil) establish?
Established Vargas’s authoritarian regime and centralized economic power
