Gross 2 The Neck Area Flashcards
(254 cards)
0
Q
insertion of the platysma?
A
lower border of the mandible and the angle of the mouth
1
Q
origin of the platysma?
A
superficial Fascia over the pectoralis Major and deltoid muscles
2
Q
nerve of the Platysma?
A
Cervical branch of facial nerve (CN 7)
3
Q
function of platysma?
A
depresses the mandible and draws down the corner of the mouth
4
Q
origin of the sternocleidomastoid?
A
sternal head from the front of the manubrium, clavicular head from the third of the clavicle
5
Q
insertion of the sternocleidomastoid
A
lateral surface of mastoid process, lateral half of the superior nuchal line
6
Q
nerve of the sternocleidomastoid
A
accessory nerve (CN XI)
7
Q
function of the sternocleidomastoid?
A
chief flexor of the head
8
Q
origin of the trapezius
A
external occipital protuberance
ligamentum nuchae
spinous processes of the seventh cervical and all thoracic vertebrae
9
Q
insertion of the trapezius
A
the lateral third of the clavicle
spine of the scapula
acromion process
10
Q
nerve of the trapezius
A
accessory nerve (CN11) and C3 and C4 from the cervical plexus
11
Q
function of the trapezius
A
the upper portion rotates the scapula upward (elevates)
the middle portion retracts
the lower portion rotates the scapula downward (depresses)
12
Q
origin of the Omohyoid
A
the inferior belly of omohyoid originates from the upper border of the scapula. it ends in an intermediate tendon located deep to the sternocleidomastoid muscle. the superior belly extends upwards from this tendon
13
Q
insertion of the Omohyoid
A
the body of the hyoid bone
14
Q
nerve of the Omohyoid
A
Ansa Cervicalis (C1,C2,C3)
15
Q
function of the Omohyoid
A
depress the hyoid bone and larynx
16
Q
origin of the Sternohyoid
A
posterior surface of the manubrium
and
the medial end of the clavicle
17
Q
insertion of the sternohyoid
A
the body of the hyoid bone
18
Q
nerve of the sternohyoid
A
Ansa Cervicalis (C1,C2,C3)
19
Q
function of the sternohyoid
A
depresses the hyoid bone and larynx
20
Q
origin of the sternothyroid
A
posterior surface of the manubrium
and
deep inferior to the origin of the sternohyoid
21
Q
function of the sternothyroid
A
depresses the larynx
22
Q
origin of the thyrohyoid
A
oblique line on the lamina of the thyroid cartilage
23
Q
insertion of the thyrohyoid
A
the body of the hyoid bone
24
nerve of the thyrohyoid?
C1 through the hypoglossal nerve
25
function of the thyrohyoid
depresses the hyoid bone
26
what muscles are known as the infrahyoid muscles?
Omohyoid
Sternohyoid
Sternothyroid
Thyrohyoid
27
what are the muscles of the Root of the Neck?
Scalenus Anterior
Scalenus Medius
Scalenus Posterior
28
origin of the Scalenus Anterior
transverse processes of cervical vertebrae 4 through 6
29
insertion of the scalenus anterior
first rib
30
nerve of the scalenus anterior
Ventral primary rami of C5 through C8
31
function of the scalenus anterior
elevates the first rib during respiration
32
origin of the scalenus medius
transverse processes of cervical vertebrae 2 through 7
33
insertion of the scalenus medius?
first rib
34
nerve of the scalenus medius
ventral primary rami of C3 through C4
35
function of the scalenus medius
elevates the first rib during inspiration, flexes and laterally rotates cervical part of vertebral column
36
origin of the scalenus posterior
transverse processes of cervical vertebrae 4 through 6
37
insertion of scalenus posterior
second rib
38
nerve of the scalenus posterior
ventral primary rami of C4 through C8
39
function of scalenus posterior
elevates the second rib during inspiration, flexes and laterally rotates cervical part of the vertebral column
40
what are the muscles of the Submandibular Region
```
Digastric Muscle
Mylohyoid Muscle
Geniohyoid Muscle
Genioglossus Muscle
Hypoglossus Muscle
Styloglossus Muscle
Stylohyoid Muscle
```
41
origin of the digastric muscle
posterior belly from the mastoid process
| anterior belly from the digastric fossa
42
insertion of the Digastric muscle
both bellies insert into the hyoid bone by an intermediate tendon which connects them together. The intermediate tendon is strapped to the hyoid bone by a fibrous loop
43
nerve of the Digastric muscle
Posterior belly: cervical branch of the Facial Nerve (CN 7)
| Anterior Belly: by nerve to the mylohyoid (CN 5)
44
function of the Digastric Muscle
elevates the hyoid bone
| -will depress mandible if hyoid is fixed
45
which belly of the digastric Muscle will be paralyzed by Bell's Palsy?
the posterior belly innervated by the cervical branch of the facial nerve
46
origin of the mylohyoid Muscle?
Mylohyoid Line
47
insertion of the mylohyoid muscle?
body of the hyoid bone
| Median Raphe
48
what the fuck is the median Raphe?
a fibrous band where muscle fibers from 2 sides come together and interweave (a seam)
49
nerve of the mylohyoid muscle?
nerve to the mylohyoid (CN 5)
50
function of the mylohyoid muscle
elevates hyoid bone and floor of the mouth
51
origin of the geniohyoid muscle?
inferior genial tubercle
| inferior mental spine
52
insertion of the geniohyoid
body of the hyoid bone
53
nerve of the geniohyoid muscle
C1 fibers through hypoglossal
54
function of the geniohyoid muscle
elevates hyoid bone and tongue
55
what is the largest muscle of the tongue?
Genioglossus muscle
56
origin of the genioglossus muscle
superior genial tubercle
| superior mental spine
57
insertion of the genioglossus muscle
Tip and entire undersurface of tongue
58
nerve of the genioglossus muscle
hypoglossal nerve (lingual branch)
59
function of the genioglossus muscle
draws tongue forward, protrudes tip of tongue
60
origin of the hyoglossus muscle?
body and greater horn of hyoid bone (upper surface)
61
insertion of Hyoglossus muscle
sides of the tongue
62
nerve of the Hyoglossus muscle
hypoglossal nerve
63
function of the hypoglossus muscle
draws tongue downward
64
origin of the styloglossus muscle
styloid process
65
insertion of styloglossus muscle
sides of the tongue
66
nerve of the styloglossus muscle
hypoglossal nerve
67
function of styloglossus muscle
draws tongue upward and backward
68
origin of stylohyoid muscle?
styloid process
69
what pierces the stylohyoid muscle?
the intermediate tendon of Digastric
70
insertion of the stylohyoid muscle
body of hyoid bone
71
nerve of stylohyoid muscle
Facial nerv
72
function of stylohyoid muscle
elevates hyoid bone and tongue
73
what are the muscles of the soft palate?
Musculus Uvulae
Levator Veli Palatini
Tensor Veli Palatini
74
origin of the musculus Uvulae
posterior nasal spine
75
insertion of the Musculus Uvulae
mucous membrane of uvula
76
nerve of the musculus Uvulae
left half by left Vagus CN 10
right half by right vagus
both via the pharyngeal plexus
77
function of the musculus Uvulae
elevates the uvula
78
origin of the Levator Veli Palatini
inferior surface of the temporal bone
79
insertion of the Levator Veli Palatini
Aponeurosis of soft palate
80
nerve of the Levator Veli Palatini
Vagus Nerve (CN 10) via the pharyngeal plexus
81
function of the Levator Veli Palatini
elevates the soft palate
82
origin of the Tensor Veli Palatini
scaphoid fossa of the medial pterygoid plate, auditory tube
83
insertion of the Tensor Veli Palatini
the tendon winds around the pterygoid hamulus and inserts into the aponeurosis of the soft palate
84
nerve of the tensor Veli Palatini
mandibular division of trigeminal (CN 5)
85
function of the Tensor Veli Palatini
tenses soft palate
| opens auditory tube (pressure equalizer)
86
what are the extrinsic muscles of the tongue?
genioglossus
hyoglossus
styloglossus
palatoglossus
87
origin of the Palatoglossus
soft palate
88
insertion of the palatoglossus
sides of the tongue
89
nerve of the palatoglossus
vagus nerve (CN 10) via the pharyngeal plexus
90
function of the palatoglossus
elevates the back of the tongue
91
what are the muscles located between the superior and middle constrictors?
Longitudinal layer of muscle
92
what are the muscles in the longitudinal layer?
stylopharyngeus muscle
palatopharyngeus muscle
Salpingopharyngeus muscle
93
origin of the Stylopharyngeus muscle?
styloid process
94
insertion of the stylopharyngeus muscle
thyroid cartilage, some fibers blend with those of the constrictors
95
nerve of the stylopharyngeus muscle?
```
Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN 9)
-only one not innervated by CN 10
```
96
function of the stylopharyngeus muscle
elevates pharynx
97
origin of palatopharyngeus muscle
soft palate
98
insertion of the Palatopharyngeus
wall of pharynx
| thyroid cartilage
99
nerve of the Palatopharyngeus muscle
Vagus nerve (CN10) via the pharyngeal plexus
100
function of the palatopharyngeus muscle?
elevates pharynx
| narrows oropharynx
101
origin of the Salpingopharyngeus muscle
Torus Tubarius and opeining of the auditory tube
102
insertion of the Salpingopharyngeus muscle?
wall of Pharynx
103
nerve of Salpingopharyngeus muscle?
Vagus nerve (CN 10) via the pharyngeal plexus
104
function of Salpingopharyngeus muscle
elevates the pharynx
| -opens auditory tube along with Tensor Veli Palatini
105
the fibers of ______________ and _____________ blend together within the walls of the pharynx.
Palatopharyngeus
and
Salpingopharyngeus
106
extrinsic muscles of teh larynx are those which?
move the larynx as a whole and can be subdivided into elevators and depressors
107
what are the intrinsic muscles?
```
Cricothyroid muscle
posterior Cricoarytenoid muscle
lateral Cricoarytenoid muscle
transverse Arytenoid muscle
Oblique Arytenoid Muscle
Aryepiglottic muscle
Thyroarytenoid muscle
Thyroepiglottic muscle
Vocalis Muscle
```
108
Origin of the Cricothyroid muscle
Cricoid Cartilage
| -raises pitch of voice by increasing tension
109
insertion of Cricothyroid muscle
inferior horn and lower lamina of thyroid cartilage
110
nerve of Cricothyroid muscle?
external Laryngeal nerve
111
function of Cricothyroid muscle?
Tilts thyroid cartilage downward or Cricoid cartilage upward therby tensing the vocal cords
112
function of platysma?
depresses the mandible and draws down the corner of the mouth
113
origin of the sternocleidomastoid?
sternal head from the front of the manubrium, clavicular head from the third of the clavicle
114
insertion of the sternocleidomastoid
lateral surface of mastoid process, lateral half of the superior nuchal line
115
nerve of the sternocleidomastoid
accessory nerve (CN XI)
116
function of the sternocleidomastoid?
chief flexor of the head
117
origin of the trapezius
external occipital protuberance
ligamentous nuchae
spinous processes of the seventh cervical and all thoracic vertebrae
118
insertion of the trapezius
the lateral third of the clavicle
spine of the scapula
acromion process
119
nerve of teh trapezius
accessory nerve(CN11) and C3 and C4 from the cervical plexus
120
function of the trapezius
the upper portion rotates the scapula upward
| the lower portion rotates the scapula downward
121
origin of the Omohyoid
the inferior belly of omohyoid originates from the upper border of the scapula. it ends in an intermediate tendon located deep to the sternocleidomastoid muscle. the superior belly extends upwards from this tendon
122
insertion of the Omohyoid
the body of the hyoid bone
123
nerve of the Omohyoid
Ansa Cervicalis (C1,C2,C3)
124
function of the Omohyoid
depress the hyoid bone and larynx
125
origin of the Sternohyoid
posterior surface of the manubrium
and
the medial end of the clavicle
126
insertion of the sternohyoid
the body of the hyoid bone
127
nerve of the sternohyoid
Ansa Cervicalis (C1,C2,C3)
128
function of the sternohyoid
depresses the hyoid bone and larynx
129
origin of the sternothyroid
posterior surface of the manubrium
and
deep inferior to the origin of the sternohyoid
130
function of the sternothyroid
depresses the larynx
131
origin of the thyrohyoid
oblique line on the lamina of the thyroid cartilage
132
insertion of the thyrohyoid
the body of the hyoid bone
133
nerve of the thyrohyoid?
C1 through the hypoglossal nerve
134
function of the thyrohyoid
depresses the hyoid bone
135
what muscles are known as the infrahyoid muscles?
Omohyoid
Sternohyoid
Sternothyroid
Thyrohyoid
136
what are the muscles of the Root of the Neck?
Scalenus Anterior
Scalenus Medius
Scalenus Posterior
137
origin of the Scalenus Anterior
transverse processes of cervical vertebrae 4 through 6
138
insertion of the scalenus anterior
first rib
139
nerve of the scalenus anterior
Ventral primary rami of C5 through C8
140
function of the scalenus anterior
elevates the first rib during respiration
141
origin of the scalenus medius
transverse processes of cervical vertebrae 2 through 7
142
insertion of the scalenus medius?
first rib
143
nerve of the scalenus medius
ventral primary rami of C3 through C4
144
function of the scalenus medius
elevates the first rib during inspiration, flexes and laterally rotates cervical part of vertebral column
145
origin of the scalenus posterior
transverse processes of cervical vertebrae 4 through 6
146
insertion of scalenus posterior
second rib
147
nerve of the scalenus posterior
ventral primary rami of C4 through C8
148
function of scalenus posterior
elevates the second rib during inspiration, flexes and laterally rotates cervical part of the vertebral column
149
what are the muscles of the Submandibular Region
```
Digastric Muscle
Mylohyoid Muscle
Geniohyoid Muscle
Genioglossus Muscle
Hypoglossus Muscle
Styloglossus Muscle
Stylohyoid Muscle
```
150
origin of the digastric muscle
posterior belly from the mastoid process
| anterior belly from the digastric fossa
151
insertion of the Digastric muscle
both bellies insert into the hyoid bone by an intermediate tendon which connects them together. The intermediate tendon is strapped to the hyoid bone by a fibrous loop
152
nerve of the Digastric muscle
Posterior belly: cervical branch of the Facial Nerve (CN 7)
| Anterior Belly: by nerve to the mylohyoid (CN 5)
153
function of the Digastric Muscle
elevates the hyoid bone
| -will depress mandible if hyoid is fixed
154
which belly of the digastric Muscle will be paralyzed by Bell's Palsy?
the posterior belly innervated by the cervical branch of the facial nerve
155
origin of the mylohyoid Muscle?
Mylohyoid Line
156
insertion of the mylohyoid muscle?
body of the hyoid bone
| Median Raphe
157
what the fuck is the median Raphe?
a fibrous band where muscle fibers from 2 sides come together and interweave (a seam)
158
nerve of the mylohyoid muscle?
nerve to the mylohyoid (CN 5)
159
function of the mylohyoid muscle
elevates hyoid bone and floor of the mouth
160
origin of the geniohyoid muscle?
inferior genial tubercle
161
insertion of the geniohyoid
body of the hyoid bone
162
nerve of the geniohyoid muscle
C1 fibers through hypoglossal
163
function of the geniohyoid muscle
elevates hyoid bone and tongue
164
what is the largest muscle of the tongue?
Genioglossus muscle
165
origin of the genioglossus muscle
superior genial tubercle
166
insertion of the genioglossus muscle
body of the hyoid bone
167
nerve of the genioglossus muscle
hypoglossal nerve (lingual branch)
168
function of the genioglossus muscle
draws tongue forward, protrudes tip of tongue
169
origin of the hyoglossus muscle?
body and greater horn of hyoid bone (upper surface)
170
insertion of Hyoglossus muscle
sides of the tongue
171
nerve of the Hyoglossus muscle
hypoglossal nerve
172
function of the hypoglossus muscle
draws tongue downward
173
origin of the styloglossus muscle
styloid process
174
insertion of styloglossus muscle
sides of the tongue
175
nerve of the styloglossus muscle
hypoglossal nerve
176
function of styloglossus muscle
draws tongue upward and backward
177
origin of stylohyoid muscle?
styloid process
178
what pierces the stylohyoid muscle?
the intermediate tendon of Digastric
179
insertion of the stylohyoid muscle
body of hyoid bone
180
nerve of stylohyoid muscle
Facial nerv
181
function of stylohyoid muscle
elevates hyoid bone and tongue
182
what are the muscles of the soft palate?
Musculus Uvulae
Levator Veli Palatini
Tensor Veli Palatini
183
origin of the musculus Uvulae
posterior nasal spine
184
insertion of the Musculus Uvulae
mucous membrane of uvula
185
nerve of the musculus Uvulae
left half by left Vagus CN 10
right half by right vagus
both via the pharyngeal plexus
186
function of the musculus Uvulae
elevates the uvula
187
origin of the Levator Veli Palatini
inferior surface of the temporal bone
188
insertion of the Levator Veli Palatini
Aponeurosis of soft palate
189
nerve of the Levator Veli Palatini
Vagus Nerve (CN 10) via the pharyngeal plexus
190
function of the Levator Veli Palatini
elevates the soft palate
191
origin of the Tensor Veli Palatini
scaphoid fossa of the medial pterygoid plate, auditory tube
192
insertion of the Tensor Veli Palatini
the tendon winds around the pterygoid hamulus and inserts into the aponeurosis of the soft palate
193
nerve of the tensor Veli Palatini
mandibular division of trigeminal (CN 5)
194
function of the Tensor Veli Palatini
tenses soft palate
| opens auditory tube (pressure equalizer)
195
what are the extrinsic muscles of the tongue?
genioglossus
hyoglossus
styloglossus
palatoglossus
196
origin of the Palatoglossus
soft palate
197
insertion of the palatoglossus
sides of the tongue
198
nerve of the palatoglossus
vagus nerve (CN 10) via the pharyngeal plexus
199
function of the palatoglossus
elevates the back of the tongue
200
what are the muscles located between the superior and middle constrictors?
Longitudinal layer of muscle
201
what are the muscles in the longitudinal layer?
stylopharyngeus muscle
palatopharyngeus muscle
Salpingopharyngeus muscle
202
origin of the Stylopharyngeus muscle?
styloid process
203
insertion of the stylopharyngeus muscle
thyroid cartilage, some fibers blend with those of the constrictors
204
nerve of the stylopharyngeus muscle?
```
Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN 9)
-only one not innervated by CN 10
```
205
function of the stylopharyngeus muscle
elevates pharynx
206
origin of palatopharyngeus muscle
soft palate
207
insertion of the Palatopharyngeus
wall of pharynx
| thyroid cartilage
208
nerve of the Palatopharyngeus muscle
Vagus nerve (CN10) via the pharyngeal plexus
209
function of the palatopharyngeus muscle?
elevates pharynx
| narrows oropharynx
210
origin of the Salpingopharyngeus muscle
Torus Tubarius and opeining of the auditory tube
211
insertion of the Salpingopharyngeus muscle?
wall of Pharynx
212
nerve of Salpingopharyngeus muscle?
Vagus nerve (CN 10) via the pharyngeal plexus
213
function of Salpingopharyngeus muscle
elevates the pharynx
| -opens auditory tube along with Tensor Veli Palatini
214
the fibers of ______________ and _____________ blend together within the walls of the pharynx.
Palatopharyngeus
and
Salpingopharyngeus
215
extrinsic muscles of teh larynx are those which?
move the larynx as a whole and can be subdivided into elevators and depressors
216
what are the intrinsic muscles?
```
Cricothyroid muscle
posterior Cricoarytenoid muscle
lateral Cricoarytenoid muscle
transverse Arytenoid muscle
Oblique Arytenoid Muscle
Aryepiglottic muscle
Thyroarytenoid muscle
Thyroepiglottic muscle
Vocalis Muscle
```
217
Origin of the Cricothyroid muscle
Cricoid Cartilage
| -raises pitch of voice by increasing tension
218
insertion of Cricothyroid muscle
inferior horn and lower lamina of thyroid cartilage
219
nerve of Cricothyroid muscle?
external Laryngeal nerve
220
function of Cricothyroid muscle?
Tilts thyroid cartilage downward or Cricoid cartilage upward therby tensing the vocal cords
221
origin of the posterior Cricoarytenoid muscle
posterior surface of lamina of cricoid cartilage
222
insertion of the posterior Cricoarytenoid muscle/
muscular process of arytenoid cartilage
223
nerve of posterior Cricoarytenoid muscle?
recurrent laryngeal nerve
224
function of the posterior cricoarytenoid muscle?
abducts the vocal folds
225
origin of lateral cricoarytenoid muscle?
arch of cricoid cartilage
226
insertion of lateral Cricoarytenoid muscle
arch of cricoid cartilage
227
insertion of lateral cricoarytenoid muscle
muscular process of arytenoid cartilage
228
nerve of lateral cricoarytenoid muscle?
recurrent laryngeal nerve
229
function of lateral cricoarytenoid muscle?
adducts the vocal folds
230
origin of the transverse arytenoid muscle
posterior surface of arytenoid cartilage
231
insertion of the Transverse Arytenoid muscle
posterior surface of opposite arytenoid cartilage
232
nerve of the Transverse Arytenoid muscle?
recurrent laryngeal nerve
233
function of Transverse Arytenoid muscle
adducts the vocal folds
234
origin of Oblique Arytenoid muscle
muscular process of arytenoid cartilage
235
insertion of Oblique Arytenoid Muscle?
apex of opposite arytenoid cartilage
236
nerve of Oblique Arytenoid Muscle
recurrent laryngeal nerve
237
function of Oblique Arytenoid Muscle
adducts the vocal folds
238
origin of Aryepiglottic Muscle
apex of arytenoid cartilage
239
insertion of Aryepiglottic muscle
side of epiglottic cartilage
240
nerve of Aryepiglottic muscle
recurrent laryngeal nerve
241
function of Aryepiglottic muscle
closes the laryngeal inlet
- by drawing aryepiglottic folds together
- during swallowing
242
origin of Thyroarytenoid muscle
inner surface of thyroid lamina
243
insertion of Thyroarytenoid muscle
arytenoid cartilage
244
nerve of Thyroarytenoid muscle
recurrent laryngeal nerve
245
function of the Thyroarytenoid muscle
shortens and relaxes the vocal folds by drawing the arytenoid cartilages forward
246
origin of the Thyroepiglottic muscle
inner surface of thyroid lamina
247
insertions of Thyroepiglottic muscle
lateral margin of epiglottis
248
nerve of thyroepiglottic muscle
recurrent laryngeal nerve
249
function of thyroepiglottic muscle
closes the laryngeal inlet
250
origin of Vocalis Muscle
inner surface of thyroid muscle
251
insertion of Vocalis Muscle
vocal process of arytenoid cartilage
252
nerve of Vocalis muscle
recurrent laryngeal nerve
253
function of Vocalis muscle
adjusts tension on the vocal cords during phonation
