group 1 and 7

Question 1

what happens when metals react

Answer 1

they lose electrons to achieve a full outer energy level, giving them the same structure as a noble gas

Question 2

what ions do metals form

Answer 2

positive ions

Question 3

how many valence electrons to group 1 metals have

Answer 3

1

Question 4

what happens when group 1 metal react with oxygen in they air

Answer 4

they react become dull

Question 5

properties of group 1 metals

Answer 5

• very low density
• they are very soft
• they are shiny and silvery on the inside but become dull when they react with oxygen in the air
• they melt and boil at low temperatures

Question 6

trend of reactivity for group 1 metals

Answer 6

the react more rapidly as you go move down group 1 as there is a greater distance between the valence electron and the nucleus and the outer electron is more shielded from the nucleus by the internal energy levels this means that the outer electron is less attracted to the nucleus so its easier to lose

Question 7

how do group 1 metals react with water

Answer 7

they start to float, fizz and move vigorously and produce a metal hydroxide, as you go down the group the reaction happens more quickly and vigorously, and when potassium reacts with water it produces a lilac flame

Question 8

why are group 1 metals alkaline

Answer 8

they produce hydroxide which is a colourless solution with a high pH

Question 9

how do group 1 metals react with chlorine gas (or non metals)

Answer 9

they produce metal chloride ( e.g lithium chloride), the reactions get more vigorous as you go down the take as its easier to lose an electron and form a 1+ charge, the metal chloride also dissolves in water to form a colourless solution

Question 10

trend of boiling and melting points of group 1 metals

Answer 10

the melting and boiling point decreases due to a decrease in the forces of attraction between the atoms

Question 11

what happens when non metals react

Answer 11

they share a pair of electron

Question 12

what is room temperature

Answer 12

20 degrees Celsius

Question 13

trend of the boiling point and melting point of the halogens

Answer 13

it increases as you go down the group as the molecules become larger. the intermolecular forces become stronger.

Question 14

properties of group 7 halogens

Answer 14

• toxic non metals that form coloured vapours
• poor conductors of heat and energy
• they are diatomic molecules ( they are made of pairs of the same atoms)
• low bp and mp
  -a more reactive halogen will displace a less reactive halogen from an aqueous solution of its salt

Question 15

colour of chlorine

Answer 15

pale green

Question 16

colour of iodine

Answer 16

dark red/ brown

Question 17

colour of bromine

Answer 17

yellow

Question 18

trend of the reactivity of group 7 halogen

Answer 18

the reactivity decreases as you go down the group as the distance between the outer energy level and the nucleus and the outer energy level is shielded from the nucleus by internal energy levels reducing the attraction between the nucleus and outer electrons so it is harder for the halogens to attract an electron to its outer energy level

Question 19

properties of transition metals

Answer 19

• have high densities
• have high melting points
• good conductors of electricity
• can from coloured compounds
• can be used as catalysts

Question 20

examples of coloured compounds

Answer 20

copper - blue
nickel - pale green
chromium - dark green
manganese - pale pink

Question 21

why are transition metals good building materials

Answer 21

as they have a high density and corrode very slowly (and due to its other properties)