Group dynamics Flashcards
(29 cards)
Why is group dynamics so important?
teamwork is the essence of life (Riley 1993)
team members must interact , work toward shared goals, adopt environmental demands, and balance individual needs with those of other team members (Weinberg and Gould 2015)
what is defined as a group?
two or more people that interact with and exert mutual influence on, each other
what is defined as a team?
a team is any group of people who must interact with each other to accomplish shared objectives
What are Carrons 4 factors of group stability?
status hierarchy (ascribed, achieved)
roles
norms
positions
How would you explain status hierarchy?
different situations demand different attributes
those with desirable attributes receive more status
status conflict reduces group stability
what are known as ascribed attributes ?
ethnicity, religion, gender
what are known as achieved attribues?
skill, education, experience
what are the two different types of roles?
formal and informal
what is described as formal roles ?
directly established by the group or organisation e.g. captain
what is described as informal roles?
evolve as a result of the interactions that take place among group members e.g. comedian, spark-plug
what are a couple more examples of negative and positive informal roles?
Positives
spark- plug- inspires the team, ignites them
star player- acknowledged for their contribution to the team
Negative
distractor - distracts from the task at hand
What does carron suggest the relationship between individual roles and team effectiveness ?
role clarity role efficacy role conflict role acceptance role performance role satisfaction
what is known as norms ?
agreed expectations for the behaviour of group members
what does parks know about norms?
a normless group would be chaotic
what are some examples of informal norms?
language and fashion
what are some examples of formal norms?
rules and laws
what is defined as positions according to Carron?
knowledge and acceptance of positional stability by group members contributes to the development of the group
What is known as the Ringelmann effect (Weinberg and Gould,2015 )?
individual performance decreases as the number of people in the group increases
what is known as social loafing (Weinberg and Gould 2015) ?
when individuals in a group or team put in less than 100% effort
Who developed the ringlemeann effect and social loafing?
Weinberg and Gould 2015
what is known as group cohesion according to Carron?
a process which is reflected in the tendency of a group to stick together and remain united in the pursuit of its instrumental objectives
what are the two different types of cohesion and who proposed it?
Cotterill 2013
task and social orientation
what would you describe as task orientation?
a general orientation towards achieving the group objectives e.g. winning matches
what would you describe as social orientation?
a general orientation towards developing and maintaining social relationships and activities
