Groups in Context Flashcards

Question

Issues of concern for the four specific groups in the community Satisfaction of needs Specific needs of each group EDUCATION- PEOPLE WITH A DISABILITY

Answer 1

Early intervention; (strategy to optimise development) → many need it to enhance physical, intellectual, living skills Education about nature of disability, for person & carers (carers need to be aware of strategies to help them be as independent as possible Schools; some offer life skills courses, transition to work

Answer 2

Stereotypically link homeless with lack of education (not always true) but hard to move beyond poverty without it Many don’t have money for educational services To succeed in independent living→ taught basic living skills (hygiene, looking after environment) May need assistance for strategies to deal with drug/alcohol abuse Volunteer services; provide opportunities to acquire skills to gain education (improves self esteem)

Answer 3

Schools implement diversity, anti discrimination and bullying policies→ intended to support/accept all (but young GLBTI may experience some difficulties) Negative experiences; impact on ability to learn (don't perceive school as safe environment) → increased dropouts, lowered grades Educate public; issues of homophobia, gender/sexuality diversity → decrease fear and ignorance

Answer 4

Usually in school, TAFE, university (those who leave to seek employment→ may have on the job training, learning skills etc) Education preparing for employment Positive experiences; contribute to self esteem, sense of identity. Negative experiences; Develop negative view of abilities (emotional illbeing) VET education→ enhances employment prospects, decreases time needed for post school studies

Answer 5

Becoming disabled as adult; may experience more difficulties establishing renewed sense of identity Community involvement improves sense of identity

Answer 6

Difficult to meet need→ (generally comes from involvement in work,family life, social activities) Negative community interactions→ reinforce low self esteem/worth Some community groups help achieve sense of identity→ E.g.Choir of hard knocks

Answer 7

Individuals may need time to come to terms with identity→ important they aren’t pressured into revealing gender identity or sexual orientation Individuals who suppress gender identity and lose sight of sense of identity→ may experience depression,anxiety or feelings of sadness If family/friends/religious groups aren’t supportive of diversity→ may feel socially isolated GLBTI community: response to challenges faced by members(provides safety, belonging) → can protect mental health, help feel pride in own identity

Answer 8

Factors affecting; involvement in school, sport and academic activities, whether they have a job Formation of relationship with other individual; can change sense of identity Those with expertise (e.g. in dance, art) find it easier to develop positive sense of identity Supportive family helps meet need Leave school, may need to reshape identity→ structures previously restricted to them are no longer

Answer 9

Many find it hard to secure permanent work (nature of disability, education, employers attitudes) Jobs available in various areas (e.g. hospitality, administration etc) ongoing support may be needed Some work for organisations supporting disabilities. E.g. Hearing impaired teachers working with hearing impaired children.

Answer 10

Most are unemployed No employment; no income (hard to access basic necessities of life) Negative factors affect change of gaining/maintaining employment→ low self esteem, lack of social skills, not presented appropriately, lack of basic work skills/education May face discrimination in workplace→ unkempt appearance, hygiene Sell Big Issue mag→ social interaction, employment, paid in cash, work own hours

Answer 11

Diversity doesn’t affect work performance (important they aren't treated differently) Anti discrimination laws; prevent discrimination on basis of sexual/gender identity etc Individuals may still experience harassment/ discrimination in workplace

Answer 12

Most aren’t working (still in school) Those who leave before HSC→ difficult to obtain well paid full time work (involved mostly in entry-level jobs in retail, hospitality) Some youth involved in volunteer work (fundraising, coaching) helps prepare or employment

Answer 13

Socioeconomic status affected (lowered workforce participation); may affect food choices Clothing may need to be modified for independence; zips/buttons replaced by velcro, magnets May live with family or independently→ housing needs to be near services.affordable Some modifications to houses; E.g. Installing ramps, handrails in bathroom Some types affect food choices/preparation. E.g. require specially processed if can’t swallow safely

Answer 14

Many isolate themselves→ not aware of services to assist them Require access to services for accommodation and social support, services to address cause of homelessness. E.g. drug rehabilitation Great demand on emergency housing→ reduces availability for those who need it most Some forage for food in bins and rely on handouts→ not sustaining diet, leads to health problems Important for clean clothing in good condition→ allows socialising, torn clothes; indicator of homelessness Salvation army→ provides emergency accommodation,some organisations, serve food from vans Women with kids→ often neglect own physiological needs so children are primarily met

Answer 15

Media; represents individuals as easily able to meet basic needs of food,clothing, shelter More accurate picture; reveals diversity (members of community more likely to experience discrimination in employment→ narrow opportunities and lower wages Young GLBTI→ could experience homelessness (if rejected by family) more likely to engage in drug/alcohol activity, risky behaviours etc Family home important; offers safe environment where they can openly express who they are without fear of harassment or prejudice

Answer 16

Require nutritious foods (they are active).Often will make poor food choices out of convenience Some develop eating disorders Clothing choice→ affected by need to fit in with age group wearing certain styles and labels Most live with parents, some live in boarding schools, homeless number increasing As they get older; usually leave home and begin to meet own housing needs (may find it difficult to enter rental market due to negative attitudes of landlords to age group) Increasing amount living in family home even when financially independent

Answer 17

HEALTH Ill health→ impacts on sense of self, motivation levels, ability to complete activities Long term health absence→ limits employment chances, impacts economic wellbeing Social and intimate relationships impacted Important; regular GP, dental check ups & disability is cared for appropriately Health care needs to be easily accessible and affordable Or quality of life/life span affected EDUCATION Less opportunities to gain knowledge→ restricts people seeking support agencies to enhance or advocate for their needs Low education level (+ disability) reduces employment opportunities Education about how to care for disability is important for carers(improves wellbeing) Without education→ social, emotional, economic (if no job) wellbeing affected

Answer 18

HEALTH Maslow→ health is primary need Physical wellbeing→ well nourished, sleep well, health issues addressed Attaining physical wellbeing improves emotional wellbeing, begins regaining status in community Generally have severe health issues, can worsen if untreated→ issues must be addressed to maintain physical wellbeing Needs not met; experience physical, emotional illbeing, possibility of emergency medical services (cost money generally homeless don’t have) ADEQUATE STANDARD OF LIVING Physical wellbeing→ well nourished, clothed appropriately, area to sleep in relative comfort (improves emotional wellbeing) → helps regain status in community Generally no access to shelter, rely on food vans, bins, not dressed for conditions they live in→ causes physical, emotional, social illbeing Affects sense of identity→ increases feeling of not belonging, decreases self esteem

Answer 19

HEALTH Important to maintain healthy living and contribute to overall wellbeing Health services need to be easily accessible and accepting of diversity Higher rates of cancer, sexual diseases, obesity, suicide If health needs aren’t met; can become ill, resulting in hospital or death SENSE OF IDENTITY Important to feel accepted→ emotional wellbeing, sense of belonging, self esteem Maintaining can be challenging→ especially when coming out to loved ones Discrimination in society can negatively impact this need Person needs to be comfortable with their identity and not be discriminated against If needs not met: mental health problems, or drug/alcohol abuse→ negative for health

Answer 20

SENSE OF IDENTITY Important during transition between childhood and adolescence Need to feel valued, have a purpose and direction Positive self concept→ when a young person has ability to initiate and maintain relationships and communicate effectively If need isn’t met→ depression/other mental health problems may arise (further complicates young person’s life) EDUCATION Important for rules and content designed to help young live in society Increases access to services and resources, enhances confidence in seeking support Contributes to positive sense of identity If need isn’t met; employment opportunities are decreased and ability to meet other needs is reduced.

Answer 21

``` Financial support, , Accommodation and housing, Transport, Legal aid, Education, Employment, Counselling, Health care ```

Answer 22

Pople with a disability Sickness Allowance; for short-term disability Mobility Allowance; Assists with transport costs for those who can’t use public transport Homeless people: Department of Human services; crisis payments, centrelink, rent deduction scheme Many require fixed addresses; which homeless don’t have GLBTI: GLBTI youth, disabled GLBTI individuals or homeless GLBTI individuals can access the services stated above Many GLBTI individuals prefer to use the internet to access services, due to anonymity it provides Youth: NSW Department of Fair Trading→ advises youth about financial aid and employment issues Centrelink allowances

Answer 23

People with a disability Person may require modifications to their home (ramps, handrails in bathrooms etc) May need accommodation with full or part time care. Homeless people: Department of Housing→ short term accommodation for homeless people Crisis Accommodation Program GLBTI: Some landlords may be discriminate against GLBTI individuals in terms of renting etc GLBTI house may be safe haven, free from discrimination Youth: Most live at home with parents Emergency shelters, emergency refuges→ exist in community

Answer 24

People with a disability Public transport→ accessibility standards enforced; designated seats, ramps, boarding devices Private vehicles; disabled parking spots; wheelchair access Homeless people: Unlikely people will use public transport due to discrimination from public, or unable to pay fare GLBTI: May access Community Transport→ not for profit transport service May use public transport, or private cars Youth: Public transport concessions→ reduced costs

Answer 25

People with a disability Free legal aid from Disability discrimination legal service Australian centre for disability law→ protects rights Homeless people: Homeless Person’s Legal Service→ free service to people who are homeless or at risk of becoming homeless GLBTI: LGBTI legal service→ not for profit organisation offer advice and legal support for GLBTI individuals Youth: Legal Aid ACT, LAwstuff, legal aid websites→ provide free support and services for youth in need of ai

Answer 26

People with a disability Sign language specialist for deaf children in school Braille technology for the blind at school Homeless people: Father Chris Riley’s Youth off the streets: GLBTI: Many GLBTI individuals prefer to use the internet to access services, due to anonymity it provides May choose to enrol from mainstream schooling if faced with discrimination and return in later years to complete pathways education Youth: Compulsory education until end of Year 10 Educational ‘pathways’ allow youth to acquire training in prospective field of employment while still in school. E.g. ACU Step up to Nursing program run in the school holidays

Answer 27

People with a disability Disability employment services→ assist employment of people with disability Homeless people: Mission Australia: Provide basic training programs that can help homeless people acquire skills to help obtain employment GLBTI: Being a GLBTI individual doesn’t affect performance at work, but if discrimination occurs during work, individuals may need to access legal aid services Youth: Job Services Australia→ Govt national employment services, provides skills, training and support to those under 21

Answer 28

People with a disability Carers, nursing staff, professional mental health practitioners MOIRA disability counselling→ works to meet specific needs Homeless people: Can access mental health counselling, drug and alcohol clinics run by services such as Red Cross GLBTI: Sydney Gay Counselling→ support for those who feel confused about their identity, how to work through relationship problems with friends and family etc Youth: ReachOut→ support to youth with mental health problems Youth off the Streets; assists homeless youth Beyondblue, Kids Helpline etc

Answer 29

People with a disability Type of service dependent on type of disability E.g. Physiotherapy for person with nerve damage etc Homeless people: NSW Health: Employ health workers who provide basic healthcare to homeless people in accommodation centres and on the streets GLBTI: National LGBTI Health Alliance: provide health care services for GLBTI individuals Youth: Department of Health: Vaccinations to all youth Health Care Card: Low-income youth to access cheaper prescription medicines

Answer 30

``` First language spoken Age Culture Type of disability Socioeconomic status Level of education Gender ```

Answer 31

AGE Both ends of lifespan→ may be carer dependent for assistance in accessing services (E.g. financial support, healthcare) Some may be difficult to assist (immobility and factors related to age/size) GENDER Disability from motor accidents→ more frequently (males) → greater compensation, rehabilitation available to men Women→ fewer education opportunities, earn less, more likely to be institutionalised or exposed to violence LEVEL OF EDUCATION Education needed to manage disabilities Intellectual disabilities→ learn to use mobiles, internet→ increases access to info, enhances communication Young receive additional assistance at school and in TAFE (specialised teachers/classrooms) CULTURE Some community facilities cater to people from ethnic backgrounds TYPE OF DISABILITY Type and degree of disability; significant in accessing services (long, short term, life threatening, uncomfortable etc) Disability is diverse and so is range of support available FIRST LANGUAGE SPOKEN May affect familiarity/knowledge of services (confidence reduced when language barriers) Many services have interpreters, written fact sheets in different languages) SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS Many have welfare support (limits access to private hospitals, occupational therapists etc) Higher ses→ can buy specialised equipment (motorised wheelchairs etc) but those with low ses are on waiting lists Lower ses: harder to participate in specialised activities, e.g.Paralympic games

Answer 32

AGE Affects all ages (2% are 75+) (17% children under 12) Children might not know service exists, adolescent may think they are too young to seek housing assistance Older homeless; may have age related health conditions prevents from accessing services GENDER Create division according to gender (more support for women→ increased need to protect from domestic violence) Emergency short and long term accommodation for both LEVEL OF EDUCATION Many have poor literacy/numeracy skills→ need programs to improve Need education about accommodation, welfare groups, social programs available to them, or won’t know they are there CULTURE Cultural barriers→ may make fearful of govt agencies/welfare groups Some find accommodation/services offered culturally inappropriate (gender, desegregation, food prep, prayer space) TYPE OF DISABILITY Mental health issues→ difficulties accessing services→ barriers in communication Many are discriminated against when seeking private rental accommodation Physical disabilities→ affect ability to travel to certain places to access services FIRST LANGUAGE SPOKEN May affect familiarity/knowledge of services (confidence reduced when language barriers) No interpreters, lack of cultural understanding, racism, discrimination→ affects access to service SOCIOECONIMIC STATUS Most don’t have income→ restricts ability to engage in consumer-driven society Hard to seek govt support or employment if difficulties in providing form of identification (driver's license, passport)

Answer 33

AGE Young might not know about types of support (healthcare, counselling etc) or struggle with identity and sexuality→ fear rejection from family/friends (keep identity a secret→ harder to access resources) Some young find it exciting/liberating Not previously consideration to older GLBTI community. Sex-Discrimination Amendment Act 2013→ now providers can’t turn away GLBTI clients due to sexuality, gender etc GENDER All genders can access services; might mean disclosing info not previously shared; females more likely to than males Service providers need to use gender neutral language to make GLBTI feel comfortable disclosing and addressing issues LEVEL OF EDUCATION Knowledge of diversity, support services, safe sex practices→ increase willingness to access resources improving wellbeing Need to educate community→ ensure acceptance, support of GLBTI individuals accessing community resources CULTURE Acknowledging gender diversity brings ‘shame’ on family (leads to hiding sexuality from family)due to culture. Experiences lead to depression/anxiety→ reduce chance of accessing services TYPE OF DISABILITY Some services don't identify and acknowledge variety of needs in addition to disabilities (don’t acknowledge GLBTI) Most services only deal with disability→ reluctant to advise services that support GLBTI individuals FIRST LANGUAGE SPOKEN Interpreter may be needed; bilingual staff and client family/friends not enough→ may not be trained or familiar with legal/ethical issues (confidentiality), may not understand neutral role in interaction, might try to spare from bad news SOCIOECONIMIC STATUS Better ses→ more services available, may be better able to afford private health care, suitable transport, secure housing Lower ses→ Less choice, rely on public healthcare, transport, financial govt assistance, counselling from charity groups. Regardless of ses→ those who reach out to service; more likely to achieve wellbeing

Answer 34

AGE Age may prevent from having knowledge. Many find age prevents from securing greater responsibility roles at work, having opinion respected, gaining adequate accommodation. → Not given opportunity to acquire skills GENDER Men less likely to seek help when confronted with physical/mental health issues Women feel intimidated if confronted by aggressive/humiliating behaviour→ less chance of seeking help from service LEVEL OF EDUCATION Low level of education→ low self esteem, lack of self worth→ discourages from accessing service Many cases; education level linked to ability of obtaining employment CULTURE Some cultures; women don’t need to be educated→ lack of motivation to be educated stops young women accessing services Absence of culturally appropriate assistance→ stop accessing services TYPE OF DISABILITY May feel uncomfortable; discrimination still happens Taunting language, negative body language, lack of appropriate disability access/facilities→ won’t access service FIRST LANGUAGE SPOKEN Language proficiency may prevent youth from obtaining employment; because of discrimination or low self esteem, SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS Some services unaffordable E.g. driving lessons, skiing lessons etc Free services available; many still struggle, unable to leave employment to access service Low ses→ low self esteem, embarrassed to ask help, depression. Travelling to facilities→ inability to pay for transport

Answer 35

TIME Must have time to be transported to service (usually time consuming) MONEY: Some need expensive equipment (E.g. Beach wheelchair more expensive) Allowances given, but income might not compare with full time employment ENERGY: Varies on age and condition→ may affect decision to be involved in employment/education courses KNOWLEDGE: Some can’t communicate→ some think lack of communication means lack of knowledge Tech advances→ more opportunities to acquire knowledge (but specialised equipment expensive) Difficulties accessing tech→ harder to find out about services in area

Answer 36

TIME: Perceived as having lots of time→ irregular sleeping patterns during night may be unproductive Time management poor→ lack of personal motivation Service hours, meetings→ seem irrelevant as don’t have schedules or deadlines MONEY No money→ no employment, no bank account, fear of being robbed Limited money→ restricts access to services where fees are charged (Anxiety, low self esteem) ENERGY: Limited diet (sometimes only 1 meal per day) → lack energy Priority; maintain body temp, stamina→ won’t engage in unnecessary activity Reduced energy levels, stamina→ unlikely to walk to services; more prone to illnesses KNOWLEDGE: Likely to have lower education levels→ unlikely to know about services May feel uncomfortable asking for help; so won’t ask about services available

Answer 37

TIME Need to be able to attend regular support meetings or functions MONEY: Need to pay for public transport/petrol to attend appointments with counsellor/healthcare worker ENERGY: Need energy to attend appointments with healthcare workers (E.g. If have depression) KNOWLEDGE: Need knowledge of online searching; find out about safe sex practices (prevent STDs or HIV/AIDS)

Answer 38

TIME: Many waste time (social media, TV/DVD, excessive sleeping on weekends) Some totally engrossed in study or sport→ don’t explore services available to them MONEY: If activity is expensive→ limits participation Youth who live at home/paying job→ access to services less restricted Youth who lack money→ limits housing, health, food, education options and ability to get to service Immediate need of food; more important than transport to visit service ENERGY: Lots of energy→ but many passive in leisure time; low motivation linked to low energy Companions needed to accompany→ limits opportunities available Some are isolated due to belief/value system (impacts sense of identity & desire to access services) KNOWLEDGE: Unaware of location/existence→ unable to use service Knowledge linked to education→ may not fully understand eligibility for assistance and don’t apply

Answer 39

OPENING HOURS: Rely on assistance with toileting, dressing, feeding, medication→ may limit time to access service CONFIDENTIALITY: Have rights to access service without disclosing unnecessary personal info and confidentiality LOCATION: Provision of accessible parking spots? Rural areas→ may have to travel to access service STAFFING: Staff need to be trained to offer support (many people with disabilities require assistance with paperwork, ad meeting govt requirements)

Answer 40

OPENING HOURS: Need night services (safety is issue as in day; sleep or looking for food) CONFIDENTIALITY: May be embarrassed to seek assistance or feel security is threatened if details are recorded LOCATION: Some have limited transport options (no money for public transport) STAFFING: Staff may be unsympathetic, poorly trained, cultural barriers, prejudiced etc

Answer 41

OPENING HOURS: Some open 24/7 (online chat rooms) some permanent hours CONFIDENTIALITY: Prefer online/anonymity→ fear being ‘outed’ LOCATION: If easily accessible, one less barrier STAFFING: All staff need to be understanding and sensitive to needs of the group

Answer 42

OPENING HOURS: Generally full time study/work→ access to services in business hours is difficult CONFIDENTIALITY: Critical to feel safe and secure, need to feel comfortable, (E.g.when talking to counsellors) LOCATION: As young people are less likely to own transport, services need to be located close to public transport STAFFING: Staff needs to be supportive, need to be attentive and not patronising

Answer 43

Government policies and legislation and organisations that support the group→ create positive social environment Govt policy and legislation→ regulate, create equality and protect human rights Policy→ Beliefs/Ideology of govt Legislation→ Laws that exist in order to apply the policy Non discrimination and equality should be visible in all aspects of the law E.g. Youth: Education Amendment Bill: School attendance legal and compulsory until 17, person is in training or works E.g. GLBTI:Anti-Discrimination Act 1997: Discrimination on the basis of race, sex, disability, homosexuality, transgender status, age is prohibited

Answer 44

Services online or physical→ sense of belonging as people their age know what they are going through The way youth access these resources→ depends on factors that affect access to services Kids Helpline 24/7 → easily accessible, adolescent friendly. Helps youth with info about bullying, suicide prevention, parent separation, sexuality Improves emotional wellbeing, raises self esteem, sense of belonging Centrelink Youth can meet needs through payments Allow socioeconomic imbalance to be addressed→ economic wellbeing improved Can achieve specific needs; food, clothing etc→ adequate standard of living needs satisfied

Answer 45

GLBTI individuals may require specific support for ‘coming out’ to friends/family or if discrimination Whilst there are a range of online services, GLBTI individuals in rural and remote areas experience difficulties in accessing appropriate services. PFLAG Parents and Friends of Lesbians And Gays→ help, support and info to families and friends of gay people Sense of identity→ many GLBTI individuals struggle with their gender or sexual identity and coming out to their friends/family Organisation helps families work together to accept one another→ provides info, support Helps families be more understanding, accepting of diversity→ improves emotional, social wellbeing, sense of belonging and strong self esteem

Answer 46

Equity refers to fairness and justice

Answer 47

Equity issues need to be addressed to create more equal social environment Meeting needs (SHESEA) ``` Access to services (FAT LEECH) Health care (physical, emotional, mental) ``` Right to equal employment opportunities Privacy and confidentiality Freedom from discrimination, stigma, harassment, and physical violence The legal right to marry (recognition of same-sex relationships by the law and society) E.g. Inequity that same-sex marriage isn’t legal or sanctioned in Australia. It was legal for 2 months, but then legally overturned and all marriages that had occurred were annulled. Discrimination Many young GLBTI individuals face harassment and abuse for their gender identity Discrimination may be obvious (refused entry to nightclub) or subtle (referring to something disliked as gay) Repeated discrimination→ stress, anxiety, depression Anti- discrimination laws in place but shouldn’t be needed Violence and harassment: Some use violence/intimidation to hurt/insult GLBTI Often due to own fears or lack of understanding of diversity Violence, bullying,harassment can occur in school, workplace, social settings→ experience isolation, threatened, low self esteem, suicide Health issues: Often unsafe sexual behaviour (STDs, HIV) Higher incidence of HIV in gay community→ prejudiced against Successful intervention.prevention programs→ counselling, education, medical treatment

Answer 48

Universal Declaration on Human Rights: Advocates the rights of youth are the same as the rights given to all other individuals Human rights are universal and are to be enjoyed by all people, regardless of who they are or where they live; however, youth often face inequalities in following areas; Socioeconomic inequity (many youth are dependent on adults for financial security or are low paid, often part time employment Social inequity (social stigma and negative stereotypes; e.g. Youth are referred to as ‘Gen Y’ and too busy on the internet to contribute positively to society) Political inequity (Many not old enough to vote and often have no say in political decision making) Geographical (rural youth are at disadvantage in terms of education, employment and social support) Educational inequity (Particularly the case for socioeconomically disadvantaged and rural youth) Discrimination (on the grounds of racial, age, sexual and gender issues Unequal access to resources such as employment, accommodation, transport and health Address some inequities; a management strategy or action plan, needs to be developed; Can be using existing laws or proposing a change o existing laws, or creation of a new policy or additional government funding to address a need

Answer 49

EDUCATION AMENDMENT BILL School attendance legal and compulsory until 17, person is in training or works Policy improves better employment chances and better wages→ stay in school YOUTH ALLOWANCE AND ABSTUDY Payments help socioeconomic and education inequity Economic Support while completing studies→ stay in school CONCESSION CARDS Cheaper travel on public transport/discount rates at movies Improve inequities from socioeconomic disadvantages→ improves community participation

Answer 50

ANTI- DISCRIMINATION ACT 1997 Discrimination on the basis of race, sex, disability, homosexuality, transgender status, age is prohibited Ensures GLBTI individuals can’t be discriminated against in accessing employment, education, accessing services (FAT LEECH) in the community Under this act, a GLBTI individual can’t be denied the opportunity to fully engage in the community SEX DISCRIMINATION AMMENDMENT ACT 2013 Discrimination against lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex people is illegal Recognises importance to treat people with respect and without discrimination regardless of identity Promotes equality→ everyone is treated fairly and without prejudice or harassment Increases sense of belonging within community→ people won't discriminate and harass (harms emotional and social wellbeing of GLBTI people)

Answer 51

KIDS HELPLINE 24/7 → easily accessible, adolescent friendly. Helps youth with info about bullying, suicide prevention, parent separation, sexuality Improves emotional wellbeing, raises self esteem, sense of belonging CENTRELINK Youth can meet needs through payments Allow socioeconomic imbalance to be addressed→ economic wellbeing improved Can achieve specific needs; food, clothing etc→ adequate standard of living needs satisfied YOUTH ALLOWANCE Parental means and personal income tested→ allows youth to study full time, complete apprenticeship, move away from home if in difficult situations Improves sense of identity, economic and emotional wellbeing

Answer 52

PFLAG Parents and Friends of Lesbians And Gays→ help, support and info to families and friends of gay people Sense of identity→ many GLBTI individuals struggle with their gender or sexual identity and coming out to their friends/family Organisation helps families work together to accept one another→ provides info, support Helps families be more understanding, accepting of diversity→ improves emotional, social wellbeing, sense of belonging and strong self esteem Twenty10 Counselling, support agencies, accommodation to GLBTI community and their families Adequate standard of living, safety and security→ if GLBTI individual is unable to live at home accomodation provide shelter, protects the individual Counselling, support services→ sense of identity; families can be educated to be inclusive of gender diversity, maintaining relationship with GLBTI family member Beyond Blue (GLBTI) Online/phone support services, and info helping GLBTI people struggling with their identity or ‘coming out’ Sense of identity→ recognise gender diversity should be celebrated. Acceptance and support services help individuals cope and be proud of who they are Education→ how to cope with issues faced regarding coming out or transitioning→ helps individuals learn what they need to do in order to live in positive environment Health→ Mental health issues are addressed, how to seek help for mental illness

Answer 53

YOUTH Age discrimination: In the workforce, your age determines your pay. Younger youth receive less pay for completing the same tasks as older youth. STRATEGIES: Universal base pay. Specific amounts for everyone regardless of age. E.g. Everyone receives $15 an hour GLBTI No same sex marriage→ lobby to govt etc

Answer 54

Youth volunteer around the community. E.g. Referring sporting matches, feeding homeless, reading at nursing homes. Can be loving family members→ help around the house, babysit younger siblings etc Go to school→ be educated, succeed in world→ make positive contributions to community May be role models, volunteers. E.g. Youth group leaders, scouts Youth are technologically advanced→ willing to share knowledge in new advances (internet, phones) May be involved in community organisations. E.g. SES, St John Ambulance

Answer 55

Promote human rights and greater acceptance of individual differences (E.g. Wear It Purple Day in response to suicides brought about by bullying) Willingness to challenge conservative opinions, attitudes towards sexuality Advocating for safe sex practices Contribution to arts community→ art as device for social change,expressing feelings, building resilience and understandings (graphics, drama, dance) Proactive organisation and support of community based support services→ members generate greater understandings of issues Financial contributions to economy→ Higher income sometimes provides significant funds to local, state, economies. E.g. Sydney Mardi Gras provides huge tourist income

Answer 56

Volunteering: Challenges negative stigma surrounding youth and allows community to see youth interacting and helping others. Shows initiative, independence and youth as role models. Youth making difference in the community, helping others E.g. Youth volunteering for the Vinnies van, delivering food and hot drinks to homeless people. Volunteering late at night to help others. Handing out blankets etc and improving the physical and emotional wellbeing of homeless people. Social wellbeing improves as volunteers listen to the homeless people’s stories. Community attitudes positively improved as can see youth helping others

Answer 57

Mardi- Gras Influences economic wellbeing of community→ opportunities for local businesses and shopkeepers to gain income from increased pop staying for festival Popularity means more people in area→ increased expenditure,benefits local businesses and shops Tourist attraction→ economic wellbeing of community and benefits GLBTI individuals→ community is grateful for increased income & so will continue to support the Mardi Gras

Answer 58

Advocacy; Speaking up for human rights,drawing attention tos specific needs and concerns Effective advocacy→ lobbying, public education, raising awareness, engaging media to publicise issues of concern E.g. Advocating for same sex marriage→ lobbying politicians to promote marriage equality, ensuring media publicise issue and draw attention to current inequity

Answer 59

Youth do great work that goes unrecognised→ society focuses on negative actions Youth achievements need to be recognised→ wellbeing is positively influenced Schools promote initiatives for and by youth Organisations, organise community awareness programs, activities for youth and broader community. E.g. Headspace E.g. 2014 Young Australian of the Year (Jacqueline Freney) Paralympian swimmer→ raises awareness of spirit of youth Shows with hard work and determination, anything is possible

Answer 60

Many who work to raise awareness, done to: Raise GLBTI visibility and raise awareness of issues/injustices Mobilise GLBTI population→ increases GLBTI community voice Fight for human rights Build support from general pop

Answer 61

Often negative aspects of youth behaviour→ catches media attention Profiling collective and individual achievements→ generates heightened understanding in community Newspapers, promotion of activities, youth events→ educate community Informal networks→ inform local and wider community of events in which youth are immersed Local organisations that provide services, work with youth→ strong advocates of clients and educate community

Answer 62

Providing education→ beneficial to human rights, and is targeted at enhancing wellbeing of GLBTI individuals, family, friends and colleagues Reducing homophobia (anti-gay prejudice) and aim of zero tolerance of GLBTI harassment, discrimination and physical violence→ enhances individual and community wellbeing E.g. Sydney Mardi Gras Community organisation→ raises awareness and visibility of GLBTI community Variety of events, culminating in popular Mardi Gras parade Aus police provide education→ support programs, trained gay and lesbian liaison officers. March every year in parade to show support and enhance relationship with police & GLBTI community

Answer 63

Rights protect against injustice, help reach individual’s potential and contribute to wellbeing Rights involve legal and moral responsibilities and have become laws in society E.g. Working with Children Checks Assists organisations to develop policies, procedures to keep children and adolescents safe Protects youth in out of home care environments (Fostering, adopting) Required for teaching, coaching, employing youth→ allows for safety to be accounted for, so no one faces discrimination or abuse

Answer 64

Protect against injustice, enable to reach potential and contribute to wellbeing Legal and moral responsibilities and have become laws in society No special rights specific to GLBTI individuals But United Nations Human Rights Charter→ ensures GLBTI individuals receive same protection against discrimination and right to equality as everyone else.