Growth and Division of Cells

Question 1

an orderly series of events where cells divide

Answer 1

Cell Cycle

Question 2

Cell Cycle 2 DIVISIONS

Answer 2

1) Interphase
2) Mitosis

Question 3

Process of division that produces two daughter cells with identical chromosomal content of parent cell.

Answer 3

Mitosis

Question 4

• A period in which chromosomes are NOT visible with light microscope
• Living cells are NOT dividing

Answer 4

Interphase

Question 5

3 INTERVALS of INTERPHASE

Answer 5

1) G1 –(growth or gap one)
2) S- synthesis
3) G2- (growth or gap two)

Question 6

lengthy period after the nucleus divides; RNA are ribosomes are produced & cell increase in size

Answer 6

G1 –(growth or gap one)

Question 7

DNA replication takes place

Answer 7

S- synthesis

Question 8

mitochondria & other organelles divide; microtubules are produced; coiling & condensation of chromosomes begin

Answer 8

G2- (growth or gap two)

Question 9

Where one cell divides into two daughter cells

Answer 9

Mitosis

Question 10

Mitosis’ location is found in roots and stem tips called?

Answer 10

MERISTEM

Question 11

normally comes with mitosis; division of the remainder of the cell

Answer 11

CYTOKINESIS

Question 12

The daughter cells have the _____ number of chromosomes
as the parent cell

Answer 12

EXACT

Question 13

The first and longest stage of mitosis.

Answer 13

Prophase

Question 14

Main feature:
1) 2 chromosomes become shorter & Thicker; 2 strands are apparent (CHROMATIDS)
2) Nuclear envelop dissociates; nucleolus DISINTEGRATES

Answer 14

Prophase

Question 15

band formed from microtubules & microfilaments inside the plasma membrane

Answer 15

PRE-PROPHASE

Question 16

hold each pair of chromatids together (short, thick & rod like)

Answer 16

CENTROMERES

Question 17

a dense region composed of protein complex found on the outer surface of each centromere

Answer 17

KINETOCHORE

Question 18

help distinguish certain chromosomes
from others in a nucleus; knob like appearance

Answer 18

SATELLITE

Question 19

develop extend in arcs between 2 invisible poles located towards the end of the cell

Answer 19

SPINDLE FIBERS

Question 20

(keg shaped structure) found on fungi and algae and animal cells located outside the nucleus with radiating ASTERS (star like rays)

Answer 20

CENTRIOLES

Question 21

MAIN FEATURE: Alignment of the chromosomes in the circle midway between the 2 poles around the spindle and in the same plane as the PREPROPHASE BAND

Answer 21

Metaphase

Question 22

in metaphase, __________ become aligned; centromeres are in the center of the cell

Answer 22

Chromosomes

Question 23

an invisible circular plate (similar to earths equator)

Answer 23

EQUATOR

Question 24

• Shortest phase
• Sister chromatids of each chromosome separate & move to opposite poles which are now the DAUGHTER CHROMOSOMES
• movement may be due to Shortening of spindle fibers

Answer 24

Anaphase

Question 25

5 MAIN FEATURES: - Each group of daughter chromosomes are surrounded by a reformed nuclear envelop - Daughter chromosomes become longer & thinner - Nucleoli reappear - Spindle 2fibers disintegrate - Cell plates are formed

Answer 25

Telophase

Question 26

- The division of the cytoplasm to form two new cells, overlaps with the final stages of mitosis - cell plate forms down the middle of the cell, splitting it into two daughter cells separated by a new wall

Answer 26

Cytokinesis

Question 27

the form of cell division in which a cell divides into four "daughter cells" each of which has half of the number of chromosomes of the original cell

Answer 27

Meiosis

Question 28

In MEIOSIS, the cells return to having the normal number of chromosomes after fertilization of the ova by the sperm, and it is called?

Answer 28

diploid

Question 29

occurs prior to the formation of sperm (in males) and ova (in females)

Answer 29

Meiosis

Question 30

STAGES OF MEIOSIS

Answer 30

1. Prophase I 2. Metaphase I 3. Anaphase I 4. Telophase I and Cytokinesis 5.Prophase II 6.Metaphase II 7.Anaphase II 8.Telophase II and Cytokinesis

Question 31

the chromosomes condense, and the nuclear envelope breaks down; crossing- over occurs

Answer 31

Prophase I

Question 32

pairs of homologous chromosomes move to the equator of the cell

Answer 32

Metaphase I

Question 33

homologous chromosomes move to opposite poles of the cell

Answer 33

Anaphase I

Question 34

- Chromosomes gather at the poles of the cells. - The cytoplasm divides

Answer 34

Telophase I and Cytokinesis

Question 35

A new spindle forms around the chromosomes.

Answer 35

Prophase II

Question 36

chromosomes line up at the equator

Answer 36

Metaphase II

Question 37

- centromeres divides - chromatids move to opposite poles of the cell

Answer 37

Anaphase II

Question 38

- A nuclear envelope forms around each set of chromosomes. - The cytoplasm divides.

Answer 38

Telophase II and Cytokinesis