GRUSDEM-CARDIO Flashcards
(109 cards)
1
Q
OUTERMOST LAYER OF THE HEART
A
Pericardium
2
Q
innermost Layer of the Heart
A
Endocardium
3
Q
middle Layer of the Heart
A
Myocardium
4
Q
2 Heart Valves
A
Atrioventricular Valve and Semilunar Valve
5
Q
Heart Valve can be seen in ATrium and Ventricle
A
atrioventricular valve
6
Q
Heart valve attached to Great vessel
A
Semilunar Valve
7
Q
valve between right atrium and right ventricle
A
tricuspid
8
Q
valve between left atrium and Left ventricle
A
mitral/ bicuspid
9
Q
valve located in the opening of Pulmonary trunk
A
pulmonary semilunar valve
10
Q
valve located in the opening of aorta
A
aortic semilunar valve
11
Q
Heart sounds during closure of AV valve
A
LUBB
12
Q
Heart sounds due to closure of semilunar valve
A
Dubb
13
Q
Abnormal heart sounds: S3- heard after s2 (related to____)
A
Heart failure
14
Q
Abnormal heart sounds: S4- heard after s2 (related to____)
A
Hypertension
15
Q
Ecg wave= significance P wave=
A
Atrial deporalization
16
Q
Ecg wave= significance Qrs complex=
A
Atrial reporalization Ventricular deporalization
17
Q
Ecg wave= significance T wave=
A
Ventricular repolization
18
Q
12 leads ecg placements V1
A
4th intercostal to the right of the sternum
19
Q
12 leads ecg placements V2
A
4th intercostal space to the left of the sternum
20
Q
12 leads ecg placements V3
A
Directly between v2 and v4
21
Q
12 leads ecg placements V4
A
5th intercostal space Midclavicular line
22
Q
12 leads ecg placements V5
A
Level with v4 at left anterior axillary line
23
Q
12 leads ecg placements V6
A
Level with v5 at left midaxillary line (Directly under the midpoint of the armpit)
24
Q
Ecg reading With rhythm With p wave Qrs complex T wave Normal hr pr interval and qrs complex
A
Normal sinus rhythm
25
Ecg reading With rhythm With p wave, qrs complex, t wave HR is \>100bpm
Sinus tachycardia
26
Ecg reading Sinus tachycardia independent intervention:
Carotid massage
27
Ecg reading Sinus tachycardia DOC
Betablocker (-olol) Calcium channel blocker (-dipine)
28
Ecg reading With rhythm With Pwave, Qrs complex t-wave HR is \<60 (Normal for athelete/elderly)
Sinus bradycardia
29
Ecg reading Sinus bradycardia DOC
Atropine sulfate
30
Ecg reading Atrial dysrhythmias With rhythm P wave appears saw tooth
Atrial flutter
31
Ecg reading Atrial dysrhythmias No rhythm No p wave
Atrial fibrillation
32
Ecg reading Atrial dysrhythmias Atrial fibrilation is at risk in \_\_\_\_\_\_\_
Clot formation
33
Ecg reading Atrial dysrhythmias Atrial fibrillation DOC: ●Classification= generic name ●classification ●classification ●classification
●Sodium channel blocker= procainamide and quinidine ●anticoagulant ●antiplatelet ●thrombolytic
34
Ecg reading Atrial dysrhythmias Atrial fibrillation intervention:
Do cardioversion
35
ECG reading ventricular dysrhythmias with rhythm no P wave qrs complex is wide and bizarre
ventricular tachycardia
36
ECG reading ventricular dysrhythmias ventricular tachycardia DOC
Lidocaine Magnesium Sulfate
37
ECG reading ventricular dysrhythmias ventricular tachycardia \*check for pulse: unstable= no pulse
unstable= cardioversion no pulse = defibrillation
38
ECG reading ventricular dysrhythmias NO rhythm tracing is disorganized and chaotic no concrete waves \*patient is pulseless
ventricular fibrillation
39
ECG reading ventricular dysrhythmias ventricular fibrillation \*patient pulseless treatment:
D - Defribrillation E - Epinephrine A - amiodarone L - lidocaine M - magnesium sulfate
40
ECG reading ventricular dysrhythmias NO p wave, automatic QRS complex 6 or more pvc in 1minute indicate pending cardiac arrest
premature ventricular contraction
41
ECG reading premature ventricular contraction DOC \*classification \*drug
sodium channel blocker Lidocaine
42
ECG reading ventricular dysrhythmias premature ventricular contraction Priority intervention 1. 2. refer physician when: \* \*
Priority intervention 1. 02 therapy 2. refer physician when: \*6pvc in a Minute \*3pvc in a Row
43
ECG reading AV Block with rhythm consistent increase PR interval
first degree AV block
44
ECG reading AV Block first degree AV block DOC
atropine sulfate
45
ECG reading AV Block first degree AV block Dependent intervention:
Pacemaker implantation
46
ECG reading AV Block usually with rhythm PR interval gets progressively longer
second degree AV block: Mobitz 1
47
ECG reading AV Block second degree AV block: Mobitz 1 DOC
atrophine sulfate
48
ECG reading AV Block second degree AV block: Mobitz 1 Dependent intervention:
Pacemaker implantation
49
ECG reading AV Block with rhythm more than 1 P wave in every Qrs complex but with Normal PR interval
second degree AV block: Mobitz 2
50
ECG reading AV Block second degree AV block: Mobitz 2 DOC
atrophine sulfate
51
ECG reading AV Block second degree AV block: Mobitz 2 Dependent intervention:
Pacemaker implantation
52
ECG reading AV Block with rhythm more than 1 P wave in every Qrs complex PR interval is Inconsistent
Third degree AV block
53
ECG reading No definite wave flat line \*do not \_\_\_, only when asystole converted to ___ or \_\_
asystole \*do not defibrillate, only when asystole converted to V-tach or V-fib
54
asystole chain of survival: RECDE 1. check __ 2. check \_\_, secure AED 3. do __ 4. ___ 5. \_\_\_
chain of survival 1. check resposiveness 2. check ems, secure AED 3. do cpr 4. defribrillation 5. epinephrine
55
CPR Sequence
Compression airway breathing
56
CPR depth compression adult child infant
CPR depth compression adult 2-2.25 child 1.5-2 infant 1.5 inches or 1/3 of AP diameter
57
is a non synchronized random administration of shock during a cardiac cycle
Defibrillation
58
is a synchronized administration of shock during the R waves and QRS of a cardiac cycle
Cardioversion
59
Defibrillation or Cardioversion? EMERGENCY
Defibrillation
60
Defibrillation or Cardioversion? UNCONSCIOUS
Defibrillation
61
Defibrillation or Cardioversion? HIGH ENERGY
Defibrillation
62
Defibrillation ? START AT\_\_\_\_ JOULES
200
63
Defibrillation or Cardioversion? MAY BE DELIVER AT ANY POINT OF CARDIAC CYCLE
Defibrillation
64
Defibrillation or Cardioversion? COMMON, MAY CAUSE BURN INJURY
Defibrillation
65
Defibrillation or Cardioversion? Indication PULSELESS V-TACH V-FIB
Defibrillation
66
Defibrillation SEQUENCE OF ENERGY USE: __ JOULES __ JOULES __ JOULES
Defibrillation 200 300 360
67
Defibrillation or Cardioversion? Elective procedure
Cardioversion
68
Defibrillation or Cardioversion? Conscious then eventually sedated
Cardioversion
69
Defibrillation or Cardioversion? Low energy Used
Cardioversion
70
Cardioversion Start at; ___ joules
50
71
Cardioversion Sequence of energy Use: __ joules __ joules __ joules __ joules
50 100 150 200
72
Defibrillation or Cardioversion? Delivery come synchronize with QRS Complex/R wave
Cardioversion
73
Defibrillation or Cardioversion? least likely to cause cardiac/ tissue injury
Cardioversion
74
Defibrillation or Cardioversion? Indication SVT, atrial flutter, Atrial fibrillation
Cardioversion
75
Class 1 antidysrhythmic Agent \*classification
sodium channel blockers
76
Class 2 antidysrhythmic Agent \*classification
betablocker
77
Class 3 antidysrhythmic Agent \*classification
potassium channel blocker
78
Class 4 antidysrhythmic Agent \*classification
calcium channel blocker
79
Common antidysrhythmic Agent indicated for: atrial dysrhythmia and ventricular dysrhythmias
sodium channel blockers
80
Common antidysrhythmic Agent Effect: block beta receptor giving parasympathetic effect
betablocker
81
Common antidysrhythmic Agent Effect: mimic HYPOGLYCEMIA
betablocker
82
Common antidysrhythmic Agent contraindicated case to Betablocker
asthma
83
Common antidysrhythmic Agent BetaBlocker \*most fatal adverse effect
bronchospasm
84
Common antidysrhythmic Agent BetaBlocker \*prolonged use causes
psychosis
85
Common antidysrhythmic Agent BetaBlocker \*common reason for non compliance
decrease libido impotence
86
Common antidysrhythmic Agent \*causes bluish discoloration
potassium channel blocker
87
Common antidysrhythmic Agent \*avoid use of ST.JOHN WORT
potassium channel blocker
88
Common antidysrhythmic Agent calcium channel blocker ex. \_\_\_, __ and ends in "\_\_\_"
Common antidysrhythmic Agent calcium channel blocker verapamil diltiazem dipine
89
Common antidysrhythmic Agent \*avoid GRAPE juice
Calcium channel Blocker
90
Common antidysrhythmic Agent \*effect of grape juice while on calcium channel blocker
hypotension
91
Artificial Pacemaker Implantation \*deliver a FIXED rate
asynchronous
92
Artificial Pacemaker Implantation \*deliver only when needed \*demand mode
synchronous
93
Artificial Pacemaker Implantation S/SX to be refer: \_\_, \_\_, \_\_\_
Dizziness Hiccups chest pain
94
Artificial Pacemaker Implantation batteries LAST: Mercury lithium plutonium
Mercury 2-3 yrs lithium 5yrs plutonium 10yrs
95
**ECG EXAM**
normal sinus
96
ECG EXAM
Sinus Tachycardia
97
ECG EXAM
sinus bradycardia
98
ECG EXAM
atrial flutter
99
ECG EXAM
atrial fibrillation
100
ECG EXAM
ventricular tachycardia
101
ECG EXAM
ventricular fibrilation
102
ECG EXAM
pvc
103
ECG EXAM
first degree AV block
104
ECG EXAM
second degree AV block
MOBITZ 1
105
ECG EXAM
second degree AV block
MOBITZ 2
106
ECG EXAM
third degree AV block
107
ECG EXAM
asystole
108
te anu na nga sounds??
crackles
109
