Gsce Hard Questions Flashcards
(57 cards)
Explain why computer system can only process data and binary form 
Data is processed in a computer by using logic gates
As it only has two states
Describe how the MDR, Andy, ALu are used in the fetch decode execute cycle
Data fetched from ram is stored in the MDR
Data from MDR is sent to ALU to be executed
ALU performs calculations and logical operations on data
ALU has a built in register…
… where it stores interim results of calculations
After calculations, ALU sends data to MDR
Data is sent from MDR to be written to RAM
Describe what is meant by an embedded system
It is a built in device
Which has a single purpose
What is a reason for ROM
To store boot up instructions
Describe anti virus
Scans the computer system for viruses
Has a record for known viruses
Removes any viruses found
Checks data before it is downloaded
And stops download is virus is found
Describe Anti spyware
Scans the computer for spyware
Removes any spyware found
Describe firewall
Monitors traffic coming in and out of the computer system
Checks that the traffic meets the criteria
Blocks any traffic that does not meet the criteria
How can u make passwords protect computers from hacking or other
Making password stronger
Changing It regularly
Lock out after set number of attempts
What do u do to biometrics to make it protect the computer
Data needed to enter is unique to individual
… therefore it is very difficult to replicate
Lock out after set number of attempts
How does two step verification help protect the computer
Extra data is sent to device, pre set by the user
… making it more difficult for the hacker to obtain it
What does IDE stand for
Integrated development environment
Three common functions of an ide
Translator
Code editor
Error diagnostics
Describe what is meant by cloud storage
Storage consisting of servers
That are often in a remote location
That are maintained by a third party company
Storage is normally accessible using a network
How is virtual memory created and used
The hard drive is partitioned to create virtual memory
When RAM is full
Pages of data that are not required
Are transferred from RAm to virtual memory
When the data is required again the pages are transferred back to RAM
When would an interrupt be generated
Division by 0
Two processes trying to access the same memory location
State what is meant by a digital currency
An currency that exists only electronically
Describe the process of block chain in digital currency
It acts as a ledge
By tracking each transaction
It keeps a series of time stamped records
That cannot be altered
Explain how lossless compression compresses a file
An algorithm is used
No data is removed in the process
Repeated words are identified
And indexed
And their positions are stored into a table
Exokain why an expert system needs a knowledge base
It needs facts
To generate rules
To make the decisions
What are some components that are present for an expert system
Rule base
Inference engine
Interface
State what is meant by machine learning
When a program has the ability to adapt to its own processes or data
Describe what is meant by a microprocessor
Type if intergrated circuit
That is contained on a single chip
Describe how the sensor and the microprocessor are used in this automated light system (5to6 points)
Sensors sends signal to microprocessor
Signal is converted from analogue data to digital data
Value to compared to stored values
If value is outside range
Microprocessor sends a signal to switch of lights
Process is continuous
Describe what is meant by MAC address
Used to identify a device
It is unique
It is set by the manufacturer
The first set is the manufacturer ID
The second set is the serial number
