Paper 2

Question 1

What is the program development life cycle

Answer 1

Analysis
Design
Coding
Testing

Question 2

What are the stages in analysis

Answer 2

Abstraction
Decomposition of the problem
Identification of the problem
Requirements

Question 3

What is the stages of design

Answer 3

Decomposition
Structure diagrams
Flowcharts
Pseudo code

Question 4

Stages of coding

Answer 4

Writing program code
Itreative testing

Question 5

Stages of testing

Answer 5

Testing program with the use of test data

Question 6

What is every computer system made up of

Answer 6

Sub systems which are made up of further sub systems that performs a single test or action

Question 7

What is decomposition

Answer 7

Means breaking a complex problem down into more manageable parts

Question 8

Advantages of decomposition

Answer 8

Makes problems easier to solve
Different people can work on different parts at the same time, reducing development time
Program components developed in one program can be easily used in other programs

Question 9

What is inputs

Answer 9

Anything that needs to be supplied to the program so it can meet its goals - often supplied by the user
Consider an appropriate variable name and data type for inputs

Question 10

What is processes

Answer 10

Calculations that need to be performed while the program is running
Consider whether any data need to change format or data type

Question 11

WHat is outputs

Answer 11

Consider what your program needs to output to the user
Consider what firm outputs take
Consider an appropriate name and data type for outputs

Question 12

What is storage

Answer 12

Consider any data that needs to be stored in files on an appropriate medium for use or retrieval in the future

Question 13

Structure diagrams

Answer 13

A method of designing a solution to a problem
Produced using a method known as step-wise refinement
Bre@k a problem down into sub-problems using decomposition
Some areas of the program will need to be broken down more than others
Lowest-level nodes should achieve one task - and therefore, be coded as a single module or sub-program

Question 14

What is flow chart

Answer 14

Is a method of representing the sequence of steps in an algorithm in the form of a diagram

Question 15

What is pseudo code

Answer 15

Is an alternate , text based way of representing the sequence of steps in an algorithm
It can be thought of a simplified form of programming code

Question 16

What is the start and stop shape for flowcharts

Answer 16

Looks like car mirror
_________
( ________ )

Called terminal

Question 17

What is the symbol of calculation or something that is happening in flowcharts

Answer 17

It’s called process
__________
|_________|

Question 18

What is the shape where you ask the questions or branch off

Answer 18

It’s decision
Diamond

/\
\/

Question 19

What is the shape of where you say “what is your name”

Answer 19

Input output
__________
/_________/

Question 20

What is an algorithm

Answer 20

A specific sequence of steps that can be followed to complete a task

Question 21

Linear search

Answer 21

Doesn’t require data to be in order
Works on any type of storage device
Is efficient for small data sets
Is inefficient for large data sets

Question 22

Bubble sort

Answer 22

Sorts an unordered list of items
Compares them and swaps them if they are out of order
Finished when no more swaps are needed
Easy to implement
Popular choice for small data sets

Question 23

Standard methods of solution

Answer 23

Totalling
Counting
Finding max and min and average values
Bubble sort
Linear search

Question 24

Check digit

Answer 24

Commonly used with
Barcodes
Ibsn numbers
Vehicular identification numbers

Question 25

Input validations

Answer 25

Type Range Presence Format Length

Question 26

Type check

Answer 26

Input is correct data type E.g interfere Real String

Question 27

Range check

Answer 27

The input is within the range Eg 1 and 5

Question 28

Presence check

Answer 28

All required data has been entered E.g reject blank inputs

Question 29

Format check

Answer 29

The input is correct format E.g DD/MM/YY

Question 30

Length check

Answer 30

The input requires correct amount of characters

Question 31

Verification check

Answer 31

To test if the data I out is the same as the data that was intended to be input

Question 32

Validation check

Answer 32

To test is the data entered is responsible, sensible and possible

Question 33

Test data

Answer 33

Normal inputs Abnormal inputs Boundary input Extreme data

Question 34

Normal input

Answer 34

Data that should be accepted without causing errors

Question 35

Abnormal inputs

Answer 35

Data that should be rejected by the program

Question 36

Boundary inputs

Answer 36

Data that is the largest/smallest value as well as the corresponding rejected value

Question 37

Extreme data

Answer 37

Largest/smallest acceptable data

Question 38

Types of errors

Answer 38

Syntax errors - errors that break grammatical rules of the program language and prevent it from being run Logic errors - produce an unexpected output

Question 39

Double entry

Answer 39

Verification is the process of whereby important data has to be entered twice, sometimes by different people. The system then compares them to check they are the same

Question 40

What are two checks that are performed with manual check

Answer 40

Screen check Visual check

Question 41

What is a variable

Answer 41

A value stored in memory that can change whilst the program is running

Question 42

What is constant

Answer 42

A value that is assigned when the program is first written and does not change whilst running Easier to read If constants are used instead of variables a compiler can be used to optimise code making it run faster

Question 43

Interger

Answer 43

Positive or negative WHOLE number Not for telephone numbers

Question 44

Real

Answer 44

Number with decimal Called float sometimes

Question 45

Character

Answer 45

Used for menu choices

Question 46

String

Answer 46

Multiple character letters Telephone or words “Craig”

Question 47

Boolean

Answer 47

True or false

Question 48

Sequence

Answer 48

Executing instructions